Surface composition and taxonomic classification of a group of near-Earth and Mars-crossing asteroids

In the past, constraining the surface composition of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) has been difficult due to the lack of high quality near-IR spectral data (0.7-2.5 microns) that contain mineralogically diagnostic absorption bands. Here we present visible (0.43-0.95 microns) and near-infrared (0.7-2.5 microns) spectra of nine NEAs and five Mars-crossing asteroids (MCs). The studied NEAs are: 4055 Magellan, 19764 (2000 NF5), 89830 (2002 CE), 138404 (2000 HA24), 143381 (2003 BC21), 159609 (2002 AQ3), 164121 (2003 YT1), 241662 (2000 KO44) and 2007 ML13. The studied MCs are: 1656 Suomi, 2577 Litva, 5407 (1992 AX), 22449 Ottijeff and 47035 (1998 WS). The observations were conducted with the NTT at La Silla, Chile, the 2.2 m telescope at Calar Alto, Spain, and the IRTF on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i. The taxonomic classification (Bus system) of asteroids showed that all observed MC asteroids belong to the S-complex, including the S, Sr and Sl classes. Seven of the NEAs belong to the S-complex, including the S, Sa, Sk and Sl classes, and two NEAs were classified as V-types. The classification of the NEA 164121 (2003 YT1) as a V-type was made on the basis of its near-infrared spectrum since no visible spectrum is available for this asteroid. A mineralogical analysis was performed on six of the asteroids (those for which near-IR spectra were obtained or previously available). We found that three asteroids (241662 (2000 KO44), 19764 (2000 NF5), 138404 (2000 HA24)) have mafic silicate compositions consistent with ordinary chondrites, while three others (4055 Magellan, 164121 (2003 YT1), 5407 (1992 AX)) are pyroxene-dominated basaltic achondrite assemblages. In the case of 5407 (1992 AX) we found that its basaltic surface composition contrasts its taxonomic classification as a S-type.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Icaru

Knowledge Retrieval

Robots are man made machines which are used to accomplish the tasks. Robots are mainly used to do complex tasks and work in hazardous environment where humans are difficult to work. They are not only designed to use in hazardous environment but also in the environment where humans are performing the same task repeatedly. These are also used for cooking purpose some tasks can be completed with the interaction of both the human and robot one of such things is cooking where human should help robot in making dishes. This paper mainly focusses on Functional Object Oriented Network which is structured knowledge representation using the input output and motion nodes. Task tress are generated using the task tree FOON is produced and collections of all FOONS forms the universal FOON. Different algorithms to traverse the tree in order to get the best output are also discussed in this paper. The desired node or goal node can be achieved from the start node using the different search algorithms and comparison between them is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

ISO Analyzer and Reporting System

This paper describes the development of a GUI-based application program called the ISO Analyzer and Reporting System. The Independent System Operator (ISO) Analyzer and Reporting System facilitates the study of electricity markets by empowering its users with the ability to query and to generate reports from market and operational data by allowing them to analyze data over a period of time, which is helpful to draw useful conclusions. The system downloads publicly available files on energy load and pricing data from an independent system operator?s website and stores data from the files in the form of SQL server database tables for querying and generating reports. In addition, ISO reports can dynamically create certain custom queries to extract information from a database, based on the user?s selection. ISO maintenance can clean the database as a regular activity. This system pertains to the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO)

INTEGRATING ARCGIS AND REDUX USING MIDDLEWARE

The integration of ArcGIS with Redux through middleware presents a novel approach to managing state in geospatial applications. This report outlines the process and benefits of combining ArcGIS’s robust mapping and analytics capabilities with Redux’s predictable state container for JavaScript apps. It begins with an introduction to both technologies, followed by a detailed discussion on the architecture design, focusing on the role of middleware as the linchpin in this integration[1]. The paper highlights the benefits, such as improved state management and application performance, and addresses the challenges encountered during the integration process. Implementation details are provided, including the setup of the Redux store and the specific middleware used for ArcGIS integration. The paper concludes with a look at potential future enhancements, emphasizing the scalability and maintainability of this integration method. This Report serves as a guide for developers seeking to enhance their geospatial applications with advanced state management techniques

Consumer Complaints and Protection: Stable Analysis and Design Patterns

The concept of consumer complaints and protection has numerous applications across various domains. Using traditional methods of modeling design patterns is a tedious and costly task. The Software Stability Mode (SSM) is a more efficient and effective modeling method. In this thesis, the differences between the traditional method and the SSM is addressed. Then, several patterns are developed using the SSM to deal with consumer complaints. Each area, Advice, Appraisal, Commitment, Complaint, Compliance, Deed, Guideline, Gratification, Judgment, Model, Need, Ownership, Promotion, Rate, Review, Selling, Support, View, and Violation, is explored and the core knowledge of the concept of consumer complaints and protection is developed visually as well as in detail. Useful SAP and SDP templates are included for each concept. The main contribution of this thesis is the creation of stable, reusable templates that build an unlimited number of applications for the consumer complaints and protection concept

Nuclear and Orbital Characterization of the Transition Object (4015) 107P/Wilson-Harrington

Comet 107P/Wilson-Harrington, cross-listed as asteroid 4015, is one of the original transition objects whose properties do not neatly fit into a cometary or asteroidal origin. Discovered in a period of apparently gas-dominated activity in 1949, it was subsequently lost and recovered as the inactive asteroid 1979 VA. We obtained new and re-analyzed archival observations of the object, compared to meteorites, and conducted new orbital integrations in order to understand the nature of this object and to understand where it falls on the asteroid-comet continuum. Wilson-Harrington's reflectance spectrum is approximately neutral from visible to near-infrared wavelengths, but has a reflectance maximum near 0.8-0.9 microns. The object's spectrum is well matched by laboratory spectra of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites like the CM Murchison or the CI Ivuna. The object's phase curve is compatible with either an asteroidal or cometary origin, and its recent orbital history has no periods with high enough temperatures to have altered its surface. While it is possible that some unknown process has acted to change the surface from an originally cometary one, we instead prefer a fundamentally asteroidal origin for Wilson-Harrington which can explain its surface and orbital properties. However, this would require a way to maintain significant (hyper-)volatile supplies on the near-Earth objects beyond what is currently expected. Wilson-Harrington's similar meteorite affinity and possible orbital link to sample return targets (162173) Ryugu and (101955) Bennu suggest that the returned samples from the Hayabusa-2 and OSIRIS-REx missions might hold the key to understanding this object.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the AAS's Planetary Science Journal (PSJ

Detection of Water and/or Hydroxyl on Asteroid (16) Psyche

In order to search for evidence of hydration on M-type asteroid (16) Psyche, we observed this object in the 3 micron spectral region using the long-wavelength cross-dispersed (LXD: 1.9-4.2 micron) mode of the SpeX spectrograph/imager at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Our observations show that Psyche exhibits a 3 micron absorption feature, attributed to water or hydroxyl. The 3 micron absorption feature is consistent with the hydration features found on the surfaces of water-rich asteroids, attributed to OH- and/or H2O-bearing phases (phyllosilicates). The detection of a 3 micron hydration absorption band on Psyche suggests that this asteroid may not be metallic core, or it could be a metallic core that has been impacted by carbonaceous material over the past 4.5 Gyr. Our results also indicate rotational spectral variations, which we suggest reflect heterogeneity in the metal/silicate ratio on the surface of Psyche.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures in Astronomical Journal, 201

Space Objects Classification and Characterization via Deep Learning and Light Curves: Applications to Space Traffic Management

Recent advancements in deep learning (e.g. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural networks (RNN)) have demonstrated impressive results in many practical and theoretical fields (e.g. speech recognition, computer vision, robotics). Whereas deep learning methods are becoming ubiquitous, they have been barely explored in SSA applications, in particular with regard to object characterization for Space Traffic Management (STM). In this paper, we report the results obtained in designing and training a set of CNNs and RNNs for Space Object (SO) classification and characterization using light-curve measurements. More specifically, we provide a comparison between deep networks trained on both physically-based models (i.e. reflectance models) and real light-curve data (data-driven approach). Physically-based models allow the generation of synthetic light-curves as function of the SO parameters (e.g. shape, size, material). Such models have the ability to yield a large number of training points which make them suitable to train deep networks. Nevertheless, they suffer from modeling errors. Conversely, real light-curve measurements can be employed to directly train CNNs and/or RNNs, yet with a relatively limited data set. Insight in how to design such networks and expected performances will be discussed to highlight the power of the proposed methodology. Additionally, a cluster analysis conducted via data dimensionality reductions coupled with unsupervised feature extractions for SO characterization will be presented

T Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B Cell Lymphoma of the Thymus: A Diagnostic Pitfall.

T cell/histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is predominantly a nodal disease, with extranodal involvement, such as bone marrow, spleen, and liver. However, primary THRLBCL has never been reported in the thymus in the English literature. Here we report a case of THRLBCL presenting as mediastinal mass and lymphadenopathy. Based on the frozen section diagnosis of thymoma, a 12 cm mass was excised. A year later she developed multiple enlarged lymph nodes and pulmonary nodules. Consultant review of the excised mediastinal mass showed scattered large atypical cells that were CD20+ and PAX-5+ and negative for pan-cytokeratin, AE1, and AE3, compatible with THRLBCL and excluding thymoma. The excised lymph nodes were replaced by diffuse infiltrate of small CD3+ lymphocytes and histiocytes with intermingled large CD20+ B lymphoma cells scattered throughout the section. A diagnosis of THRLBCL was made in lymph node, similar to previous thymic lesion. A clonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene was detected, further supporting the diagnosis. This is the first reported case of THRLBCL in thymus. Correct recognition of this entity is critical, because of the difference in therapeutic impact on these patients