Stage specific cotton water use crop coefficients in northeast Louisiana

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important commercial crop in the northeastern part of Louisiana. Research-based information for irrigation scheduling in cotton is lacking in this region. A two-step reference evapotranspiration (ETo) - cotton crop coefficient (Kc) approach is considered a standard method of crop water use (ETc) estimation. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine stage-specific cotton water use crop coefficients (Kc), a ratio of ETc to ETo at the LSU AgCenter Northeast Research Station in 2010. For ETc estimation, paired weighing lysimeters were used. Cotton variety ‘Stoneville 5458 B2RF’ was planted on weighing lysimeters by hands and surrounding field using a vacuum planter under similar growing conditions typical of the region on May 12. Cotton plants on lysimeters and surrounding field were irrigated throughout the season. Other crop management practices were carried out following the LSU AgCenter recommendations. To estimate ETo, an area of 102 m by 102 m seeded with Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) was demarcated and a tower 10 m in height instrumented with weather sensors was installed in the center of demarcated area in July 2009. Daily measurements of maximum and minimum air temperature, minimum and maximum RH, wind speed, and total solar radiation were obtained and ETo was estimated using the Standardized Reference Evapotranspiration Equation (SREE) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).An average Kc value of 0.42 for initial growth stage (0 to 25 days after planting), 0.89 for developmental (26 to 60 days after planting) and 1.41 for mid-season (61 to 132 days after planting) were observed. With the development of these Kc values, a simple internet based tool can be designed to help producers conduct a more efficient irrigation scheduling which will subsequently improve water use efficiency in this region

Unusual case of talus neck fracture in a paediatric patient

Talus fracture is a rare injury in a paediatric patient. Among talus fractures, the fracture of neck of talus is more common than fracture of body of talus. This can occur because of axial loading of the talus in a dorsiflexed foot against the anterior tibia. Children’s bones are skeletally immature and hence less brittle. They have higher elastic resistance than adult bone and are less likely to fracture.However talus fractures can still occur in paediatric patients when there is history of high-energy trauma. It needs surgery and can be associated with complications like avascular necrosis, delayed union, neuropraxia and may need a revision surgery. Here we present an unusual case of a talar neck fracture in a young boy, which was a closed fracture without distal neurovascular deficit. Closed reduction and internal fixation was done with K wire and post op X rays and follow up X rays showed complete union. Patient has normal joint mobility and strength after a period of 1 year follow up

Solid Waste Management; Clean India by Reduce Solid Waste

In India the solid waste increasing rapidly day by day due to increasing the living standards of human beings by leaps bounds in India approximately last twenty years and due to increasing population The handling of solid waste in India is not up to the mark We always consider that it is a total waste thing but if we reduce reuse or recycle it becomes a very useful thing The poor handling of solid waste cause of increases the pollution human beings health Rising global temperatures animals and many types of ecosystems and bad effect on environment In this paper we describe that solid waste handling is not a single man work it is the sole responsibility of all the human beings to maintain the balance of the ecosystem by proper handling the solid wastes In this paper we also describe that the role of human being to reduce the solid waste and government of Indi

4-Aminoquinoline-hybridization en route towards the development of rationally designed antimalarial agents

The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria, against quinine and chloroquine along with the lack of malaria vaccines has encouraged the development of various synthetic strategies towards biologically active scaffolds. An emerging strategy in medicinal chemistry, termed molecular hybridization, involves the covalent fusion of two or more drugs, active compounds, and/or pharmacophoric units into a hybrid compound, with fascinating activities and multiple but not essentially simultaneous pharmacological targets. 4-Aminoquinolines are considered as promising antimalarials and 4-aminoquinoline hybridization is considered as an attractive and feasible approach for the development of new molecular frameworks for averting and delaying the emergence of drug resistance along with improved efficacy. The present review article describes the recent developments on the 4-aminoquinoline-hybridization towards the development of new antimalarials

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a rare and life-threatening diagnosis

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening syndrome of excessive activation of immune system. It frequently affects infants from birth to 18 months of age, but is also observed in children and adults of all ages. HLH can occur as a familial or sporadic disorder, and it is triggered by a variety of events, Infection being the most common trigger both in familial and in sporadic cases. Prompt treatment is very critical in cases of HLH, but the greatest barrier is often delay in diagnosis due to the rarity of this syndrome, variable clinical presentation, and lack of specificity of the clinical and laboratory findings. The key clinical features of HLH are high persistent fever, hepatosplenomegaly, blood cytopenia, elevated aminotransferase and ferritin levels, and coagulopathy. A diagnosis of HLH is mostly under-recognized, and is associated with high mortality, especially in adults; thus, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential. We here present a rare case of HLH in an adult which was non-familial and infection being the trigger causing secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Synthetic strategies in curcumin chemistry focused on anticancer applications

In spite of having received considerable interest as a potential anticancer agent over the past two decades, curcumin has not been developed into a sturdy drug candidate yet, mainly due to the challenges imposed by its rapidly metabolizable structure, leading to bioavailability and stability issues, and its aspecific activity. To circumvent these obstacles, chemical modification of the parent scaffold has been shown to involve an eligible approach for the construction of curcuminoids with improved properties. This review article provides a compilation of curcumin modifications and the effect thereof on the anticancer activity displayed by the resulting new analogs

Ferrocenylchalcone-Uracil Conjugates: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation

Huisgen’s azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction was employed to synthesize a series of 1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered uracil-ferrocenyl chalcone conjugates with the aim of evaluating their in vitro anti-proliferative efficacy on human leukemia (CCRF-CEM) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-468) cell lines. Cytotoxic evaluation studies identified a number of synthesized conjugates that inhibited the proliferation of leukemia cancer cells by ~70% after 72 h. The selected synthesized conjugates were found to be significantly less cytotoxic against normal kidney cell line (LLC-PK1) when compared with CCRF-CEM cancer cells

Original scientific paper Silver ion recognition using potentiometric sensor based on recently synthesized isoquinoline-1,3-dione derivatives

Abstract The four derivatives of isoquinoline-1,3-dione based on β-lactum (I- I

Antidiabetic, hypolipidaemic and antioxidant activity of Dodonaea viscosa aerial parts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

We evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Dodonaea viscosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The water extract (DVW) and polar fraction of ethanol extract (DVE-4) in a single-dose one-day study showed dose-dependent reduction in glucose levels with maximum effect of 42.16% and 72.9% respectively at 6 h post drug treatment (p<0.001). DVE-4 was more active than DVW and glibenclamide. In a multi-dose fifteen-day study, lower doses of DVW (400 mg/kg) and DVE-4 (200 mg/kg) exhibited higher percentage reduction in glucose levels compared to glibenclamide treated group. Altered levels of lipids, TBARS, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were restored by DVW (400 mg/kg) and DVE-4 (200 mg/kg) in diabetic rats. In vitro steady state and time resolved studies reveled that DVW and DVE-4 showed comparable antioxidant ability in steady state and kinetic studies suggesting its possible role in observed antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic activities.Keywords: Antidiabetic, Antioxidant enzymes, Dodonaea viscosa, Free radical scavenger, Hypolipidaemic, Streptozotoci