Forensic Face Sketch Recognition Using Computer Vision

Now - a - days need for technologies for identification, detection and recognition of suspects has increased. One of the most common biometric techniques is face recognition, since face is the convenient way used by the people to identify each - other. Understanding how humans recognize face sketches drawn by artists is of significant value to both criminal investigators and forensic researchers in Computer Vision. However studies say that hand - drawn face sketches are still very limited in terms of artists and number of sketches because after any incident a forensic artist prepares a victims sketches on behalf of the descripti on provided by an eyewitness. Sometimes suspects used special mask to hide some common features of faces like nose, eyes, lips, face - color etc. but the outliner features of face biometrics one could never hide. In this work, I concentrated on some specific facial geometric feature which could be used to calculate some ratios of similarities from the template photograph database against the forensic sketches. This paper describes the design of a system for forensic face sketch recognition by a computer visi on approach like Two - Dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (2D - DCT) and the Self - Organizing Map (SOM) Neural Network simulated in MATLAB

SOM: A Computer Vision Technique for Face Sketch Featured Database

Self - Organizing Maps (SOM) found to be an improved data management computer vision technique used for the closed matching of face vs sketch identification system based on neural network of untrained input images with trained databa se of images. Parameters for the SOM neural network are selected to be a minimum and maximum point for each row on a vector of training database. In this paper 64 minimum and 64 maximum pixel intensity values selected altogether using 8x8 image masking technique. Further for the design of SOM a set of 25 uniform image data used to create 5 different classes of a face image like left eye, right eye, nose, frontal face and lips for the training database. All the preprocessing for the image enhancement is don e in the MATLAB software

E2XLRADR (Energy Efficient Cross Layer Routing Algorithm with Dynamic Retransmission for Wireless Sensor Networks)

The main focus of this article is to achieve prolonged network lifetime with overall energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks through controlled utilization of limited energy. Major percentage of energy in wireless sensor network is consumed during routing from source to destination, retransmission of data on packet loss. For improvement, cross layered algorithm is proposed for routing and retransmission scheme. Simulation and results shows that this approach can save the overall energy consumptio

Effect of Shod Walking on Plantar Pressure with Varying Insole

Walking and running are very critical factors in human being’s everyday life. A human being takes more than 2,000 steps to walk 1.6 km. The human being wear a boot with insole to protect feet when walking, playing and doing various activities. The boot with insole provides significant impact on the feet during these events and transmitted through the feet due to intense force and pressure. Measurements of plantar pressure are important for diagnosing lower limb disorders, designing footwear, injury prevention and applications in sports biomechanics. The objective of this study is to investigate the plantar pressure exerted on the feet during shod walking (wearing boot with three types of insoles); to identify effective insole for reducing plantar pressure during walking (wearing same boot with three insoles). Eighteen fits, healthy male adults volunteered for this study with mean and SD (mean±SD) age (36±9) years, height (169±4) cm, and weight (71±8) kg. During experiments, each volunteer underwent 5 min of treadmill walking (4.5 km/hr speed) with wearing of boot with varying types of insoles (Low-density polyurethane (LDPU) insole 1; High-density polyurethane (HDPU), insole 2; and Silicone rubber (SR), insole 3). Plantar pressures were measured by using a foot pressure measuring device. A paired t-test was conducted to observe significant changes in plantar pressures of different foot region (P<0.05). Observations of the present study revealed that plantar pressures (N/cm²*s) were minimum during the use of LDPU insole than HDPU and SR insoles. It was also noticed that during the using of LDPU insole, less plantar pressure observed in the heel (3.84 ±1.16 in right foot) followed by forefoot (right 3.92±0.88), lateral (right 3.56±0.85), and medial foot (right 3.60±0.69). Hence, the present study suggested that using LDPU insole reducing the transfer of impact forces to the body/foot in comparison to HDPU and SR insoles during walking and minimizing the risk of foot-related injuries in long term use

A Survey on the Use of Pattern Recognition Techniques

Pattern recognition is an innate cognitive process of matching information from the environment with the information stored in memory. Core methods are successful in many areas of numerical analysis, pattern recognition and machine learning. These are methods which generate an abstracting model from given observations (objects, measurements) in a training step, which subsequently allows generalizing statements for new observations. Various approaches are used to implement a pattern recognition system. In this paper we will discuss Statistical, Structural, hybrid and Neural Network based approach

Study of Modeling Approach for Fluid Catalytic Cracking Riser Reactor Using Pseudo Component Reaction Kinetics

Fluid catalytic cracking modeling and simulation are based upon different kinetic modeling .The kinetic models are classified on the basis of chemical entities. The entities are ?lumps? based on boiling point , chemical type and structured oriented lumping . Boiling point based lump models are easy to simulate because they have less complexity and required least amount of data, where as chemical type and structured based modeling require detail analysis of feed and data to calibrate the kinetic parameters. Pseducomponents based modeling approach for the kinetic parameter estimation, eliminates the need for determining a large number of rate constant required in conventional lumped models. Kinetic model play a important role in effective simulation of fluid catalytic cracking Most of the experimental works are limited to micro activity test (MAT) reactor. Due to poorly defined reaction mechanism, scale up from laboratory result to industrial scale is not possible. Major drawback lies in the single-event reaction mechanism being used for modeling/analysis of FCC kinetics. By using a new concept of pseudo-kinetic reaction mechanism better predictability of yield can be obtained if proper hydrodynamic model is used

Approximate analytical solution of linear and nonlinear fractional delay differential equations using new variational iteration method

In this paper, an approximate analytical method, New Variational Iteration Method (NVIM) is introduced in this paper for the approximate analytical solution of Fractional Delay Differential Equations (FDDE). The algorithm is illustrated by studying initial value linear and nonlinear problems. The results obtained are presented and show that only few terms are required to get an approximate solution

Cross-layer Optimization in the Next-generation Broadband Satellite Systems

Abstract Next-generation broadband satellite systems will have the capability to provide costeffective universal broadband access for the users. In order to meet users' requirements on high quality multimedia services, many enhancements have to be made on the existing satellite technologies. One of the promising methods is the introduction of cross-layer design. There are several advantages of a layered approach since modularity, robustness and ease of designs are achieved without difficulty. However the properties of the different layers have substantial interdependencies and a modularised design may therefore be suboptimal with regards to performance and availability in a hybrid satellite and mobile wireless environment. In this paper, we will carry out a review of the cross-layer design in satellite systems. Based on this, a cross-layer architecture for the next-generation broadband satellite system is proposed. The proposed cross-layer architecture has two main components: QoS and resource management and mobility management. In each component, the cross-layer techniques that have been used are described in details

Performance Evaluation of Gauss-Markov Mobility Model in Hybrid LTE-VANET Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) developed based on mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET). VANET have different characteristics than MANET, on VANET mobile node (MN) moves faster, topology changes dynamically. The previous research shows that the model of mobility affects to the network performance. In this paper, the Gauss-Markov mobility model used to illustrate the motion of the MN, which illustrates changes of acceleration, speed, location, and direction at any time. This paper enriches the evaluation of the performance of Gauss-Markov mobility model on LTE-VANET hybrid network, by evaluating various network performance metrics, particularly, packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, and delay. This research evaluated the Gauss-Markov mobility model and performed with the number of nodes and randomness index (α) that varies by utilizing NS-3 software. The results show that there is a strong correlation between PDR, throughput, and delay with the addition number of MNs. Based on the simulation result, the hybrid LTE-VANET produce better delay compared to pure VANET. The average delay is smaller 40% compared to pure VANET. This simulation also concludes that different value of alpha on Gauss-Markov mobility model does not influence PDR, throughput, and delay