Saznanja o reprodukciji i razvoju embrija malog ražopsa Zapteryx brevirostris u južnom Brazilu

Individuals of Zapteryx brevirostris were caught from August 2003 to September 2004 using bottom trawl nets in a bay located in Southern Brazil. Total length ranged from 42.8 to 47.3 cm in males and 44.1 to 52.2 cm in females. Females with early developing embryos were captured in August 2003 and September 2004, suggesting that gestation occurs mainly in the spring. Length- weight relationship of the 45 embryos was alometric, and embryos’ total length did not reach the estimated newborn length. The data suggested that the studied area is used by Z. brevirostris during the gestation period.Ulovljene su jedinke malog ražopsa, Zapteryx brevirostris tijekom razdoblja od kolovoza 2003. do rujna 2004. pomoću pridnenih koćarskih mreža u zaljevu Ubatuba-Enseada, São Francisco do Sul, južni Brazil. Ukupna duljina se kretala od 42.8 do 47.3 cm kod mužjaka, te od 44.1 do 52.2 cm kod ženki. Primjerci ženki su sadržavali embrije u ranom razvoju navodeći na zaključak da se gestacija odvija pretežito tijekom proljeća. Maseno-duljinski odnos 45 embrija je alometričan iako ukupna duljina embrija nije dosegla proci- jenjenu duljinu primjeraka novog okota. Podaci upućuju na zaključak da Z. brevirostris nastanjuje istraživano područje tijekom gestacije

Saznanja o reprodukciji i razvoju embrija malog ražopsa Zapteryx brevirostris u južnom Brazilu

Individuals of Zapteryx brevirostris were caught from August 2003 to September 2004 using bottom trawl nets in a bay located in Southern Brazil. Total length ranged from 42.8 to 47.3 cm in males and 44.1 to 52.2 cm in females. Females with early developing embryos were captured in August 2003 and September 2004, suggesting that gestation occurs mainly in the spring. Length- weight relationship of the 45 embryos was alometric, and embryos’ total length did not reach the estimated newborn length. The data suggested that the studied area is used by Z. brevirostris during the gestation period.Ulovljene su jedinke malog ražopsa, Zapteryx brevirostris tijekom razdoblja od kolovoza 2003. do rujna 2004. pomoću pridnenih koćarskih mreža u zaljevu Ubatuba-Enseada, São Francisco do Sul, južni Brazil. Ukupna duljina se kretala od 42.8 do 47.3 cm kod mužjaka, te od 44.1 do 52.2 cm kod ženki. Primjerci ženki su sadržavali embrije u ranom razvoju navodeći na zaključak da se gestacija odvija pretežito tijekom proljeća. Maseno-duljinski odnos 45 embrija je alometričan iako ukupna duljina embrija nije dosegla proci- jenjenu duljinu primjeraka novog okota. Podaci upućuju na zaključak da Z. brevirostris nastanjuje istraživano područje tijekom gestacije

Diversidade ictiofaunística de três tributários do rio São Francisco, Brasil

We evaluated fish diversity in three tributaries of the São Francisco River, one of the largest watercourses in Brazil. The study site is in the sub-basin of the Carinhanha River [Carinhanha, Cocos (I and II) and Itaguari Rivers], located in the South region of the Bahia state. These rivers are crossed by bridges of the federal highway BR-135. After sampling, upstream and downstream from each bridge, during drought and rain seasons, 3,520 specimens of fish (57 species, 21 families) were captured. The species with highest occurrence were Astyanax cf. taeniatus, Serrapinnus heterodon, Astyanax bimaculatus and Astyanax cf. rivularis. During drought season, the number of specimens captured was higher, leading to an increase of species dominance. In the rainy season, species diversity was higher with a greater distribution of individuals among species. The data indicate the maintenance of the fish faunal structure despite anthropogenic activities on the studied areas.O presente estudo fornece informações sobre a diversidade de peixes em três tributários do rio São Francisco, um dos mais importantes cursos d'água do Brasil e da América do Sul. A área de estudo, localizada na sub-bacia do rio Carinhanha (rios Carinhanha, Cocos segmento I e II e Itaguari), no estado da Bahia, envolve rios que estão em processo de interceptação pela rodovia federal BR-135. Amostragens realizadas tanto a jusante quanto a montante da rodovia, em períodos de seca e de chuva, levaram à captura de 3.520 exemplares (57 espécies; 21 famílias). As espécies de maior ocorrência foram Astyanax cf. taeniatus, Serrapinnus heterodon, Astyanax bimaculatus e Astyanax cf. rivularis.  No período de seca houve maior número de capturas e dominância de espécies. No período chuvoso registrou-se maior diversidade de espécies e maior distribuição de indivíduos entre as espécies. Os dados indicam a manutenção da estrutura ictiofaunística, apesar das ações antrópicas sofridas pelos ambientes estudados

Complete mitochondrial genome of four Scleromystax barbatus (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) populations

Abstract The complete mitogenome of four Scleromystax barbatus populations distributed along the species natural range was reconstructed, comprising the first study with this genus and the second with Corydoradinae specimens sampled from their natural environment and deposited in permanent collections. The mitogenome of S. barbatus is a circular molecule of 16,694 base pairs (bp) comprising 37 genes, 22 of which are tRNA, two are rRNA, 13 are protein-coding genes and one control region (D-loop). An 18-nucleotide insertion sequence was found between the ATPase subunit 6 and COIII genes. Most genes are encoded on the heavy strand, while the ND6 and eight tRNAs are found on the light strand. Phylogenetic analyses using other available Callichthyidae mitogenomes confirmed the monophyly of Callichthyinae and Corydoradinae and indicate that S. barbatus populations form a separate and more closely related branch of Corydoras nattereri + Corydoras paleatus

MEDICINAL AND MYSTICAL-RELIGIOUS USES OF SEAHORSES IN SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN COAST

In this study we interviewed fishermen from traditional artisanal and medium-scale fishing communities from southern Brazil to obtain information about use of seahorses for medicinal and mystics practices, to contribute to future co-management strategies and conservation plans of threatened seahorses. We interviewed 23 resident fishers with at least 10 years of fishing experience from Cananéia, Paranaguá, Guaratuba, and São Francisco do Sul municipalities between August and November 2015. We recorded the use of Hippocampus reidi, H. erectus and H. patagonicus, all obtained through incidental bycatches in shrimp trawls and other fishing gear. Fishers indicated the use of these animals for medicinal and mystical-religious purposes, ranging from therapeutic properties for diseases of the respiratory system to crafts and amulets for spiritual protection. The use of seahorses and their respective conservation status demonstrate that this subject deserves special attention