The good reactivity of lithium with nanostructured copper phosphide

In Li-ion battery technology, Li diffusion in the electrode is mainly limited by the quality of the interfaces. To take advantage of the large capacity gain offered by the transition metal phosphides (TMP) as negative electrode, a new self-supported TMP/Cu nanoarchitectured electrode concept is proposed. This specific design allows one to fine-tune control of both (TMP)/current collector and (TMP)/electrolyte interfaces of the electrode. This new electrode preparation process is based on an electrochemical templated synthesis of copper nanorods followed by a phosphorus vaporization. The P vapour reacts with the Cu nanorods leading to Cu3P nanorods. Preliminary electrochemical tests of the as-obtained Cu3P nanorods/Li half cell show the great interest of using such a nanostructured TMP electrode in a Li battery. These nanoarchitectured phosphide electrodes can sustain a C-rate (a full discharge in 1h) cycling without exhibiting any important reversible capacity loss for 20 cycles

Le sens méthodologique de la lecture de saint Paul dans l’Introduction à la phénoménologie de la religion de Heidegger

Pour introduire ses étudiants à la phénoménologie de la religion, le jeune Heidegger décide d’expliquer trois épîtres de saint Paul. En quoi l’explication de la parole paulinienne peut-elle assumer cette fonction introductrice ? Aux yeux de Heidegger, la parole de saint Paul est une parole de l’entre-deux : empruntant son vocabulaire à la doctrine ancienne, elle tente de dire l’expérience nouvelle. Comment atteindre l’expérience au travers d’une doctrine et, par suite, le nouveau au travers de l’ancien ? Comment la parole peut-elle rattraper son retard sur ce qu’elle nomme ? Telles sont les questions phénoménologiquement exemplaires qui se posent à celui qui tente d’expliquer la parole paulinienne, et qui, en y répondant, s’initie à la phénoménologie de la religion.In order to introduce his students to the phenomenology of Religion, young Heidegger decides to expound on three epistles of Saint Paul. How can the analysis of the Paulinian discourse assume this introductory function? In the eyes of Heidegger, Saint Paul’s discourse is an in-between discourse: borrowing its vocabulary to an old doctrine, it tries to speak of a new experience. How to attain experience through doctrine, and consequently, the new through the old? How can discourse amend its own delay towards what it names? These are the exemplary phenomenological questions that are being asked to anyone trying to explain the Paulinian discourse, and who, by answering these questions, is being initiated to the Phenomenology of Religion.Para introducir a sus estudiantes a la fenomenología de la religión, el joven Heidegger decide explicar tres epístolas de San Pablo. ¿En qué sentido la explicación de la palabra paulina puede asumir esta función introductoria? A los ojos de Heidegger, la palabra de San Pablo es una palabra del entre-dos: tomando su vocabulario de la doctrina antigua, trata de decir la experiencia nueva. ¿Cómo llegar a la experiencia a través de una doctrina y, luego, lo nuevo a través de lo viejo? ¿De qué maneras la palabra puede recuperar su atraso sobre aquello que nombra? Estas son las preguntas fenomenológicamente ejemplares que se plantean a quien trata de explicar la palabra paulina y que, en la búsqueda de respuestas, se inicia en la fenomenología de la religión

Correspondance Heidegger – Bultmann

Marbourg, le 29 décembre 1927 [43] Cher ami ! Puisque Wünsch doit écrire un article « Heidegger » pour le Dictionnaire RGG et m’a heureusement demandé conseil, [46] je vous prie de me faire part le plus vite possible de ce que, de votre parcours (aus Ihrer Vita), vous souhaitez voir figurer dans cet article (que vous ne pouvez pas et n’avez pas besoin d’esquiver). Pas seulement les dates, mais aussi ce qui concerne votre rapport à Husserl et les motifs de votre philosophie, qui s’enracinent d..

Self-supported binder-free hard carbon electrodes for sodium-ion batteries: insights into their sodium storage mechanisms

Hard carbons are one of the most promising negative electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). In contrast to most of the published works employing powder-like electrodes containing binders, additives and solvents, we report herein an innovative way to prepare binder-free electrodes by simple impregnation of cellulose and cotton filter papers with a phenolic resin solution. The latter enables improvement of the poor mechanical properties and thermal stability observed for pristine hard carbon self-standing electrodes (SSEs) along with the carbon yield. A high reversible specific capacity and long-term stability were observed for cellulose compared to those of cotton-based SSEs in NIBs, i.e., 240 mAh·g-1 vs. 140 mAh·g-1, respectively, for C/10 rate and high mass loading (~5.2 mg·cm-2). This could be ascribed to the larger amount of defects on cellulose than cotton as quantified by temperature programmed desorption coupled with mass-spectrometry (TPD-MS), the structure and porosity being similar for both materials. Furthermore, the addition of a conductive sputter coating on the cellulose SSE surface improved the reversible specific capacity (to ~300 mAh·g-1) and initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) (to 85%). Operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to provide additional insights on the Na storage mechanisms. Although no shift was noticed for the graphite (002) diffraction peak, clear evidence of sodium intercalation was observed in the plateau region appearance of a new diffraction peak (~28.0° 2θ) likely associated with a sodium intercalation compound. Consequently, the sloping region could be related to the Na+ adsorption on hard carbon defects and pores

Operando visualization of morphological dynamics in all-solid-state batteries

International audienc

Interfaces and Interphases in Batteries: How to Identify and Monitor Them Properly Using Surface Sensitive Characterization Techniques

International audienceInterfaces, interphases, surfaces, and bulk are the main elements in a battery that require to be monitored and understood to control battery life during cycling and electrochemical ageing. To date, bulk-related processes are generally easier to address in terms of characterization techniques because in-depth investigations of most of these processes can be performed in operando mode (that is, during battery cycling). However, investigations of surfaces, interfaces, and interphases possess some challenges due to the involved nanosize dimensions, which render it difficult to select adequate techniques and interpret data appropriately. In addition, the evolving chemistry can suffer beam damage during investigation, and the use of postmortem/ex situ samples are not fully reliable. Moreover, the definitions of the terms “interface,” “interphase,” “interfacial,” and “interfacial region” are not clearly consistent, the details of which will be discussed in this study. Finally, techniques that can address interfacial processes in batteries are reviewed by highlighting their primary advantages and disadvantages

Multiscale postmortem/operando investigation of commercial sulfide based solid electrolyte

International audienc

La Recerca en el camp de l'etnologia marítima a la Catalunya Nord

Conferència emmarcada dins la II Jornada d'Etnologia a la Costa Brava: la recerca en el camp de l'etnologia maítima i pesquer

Multiscale postmortem/operando investigation of commercial sulfide based solid electrolyte

International audienc