Life cycle assessment of pig production a case study in Mexican Farm

Evaluación de cargas ambientales de modelos ganaderos, sistema producto porcino.The porcine mexican sector has an important participation worldwide, dynamics of growth has positioned it inside the principal producing countries, in such a way that, not only competes in satisfying the needs of the market, also in the creation of social value. The answer to environmental problems is for companies an indicator of competitiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with pig production in a full-cycle farm, using life cycle assessment methodology. All activities carried out in the pig farm were evaluated (breeding, lactating, weaning, rearing-start, growth, development and finishing pig). The inventory integrates data on livestock feed, water and electricity consumption, as well as manure emission factors. The inventories were processed in the OpenLCA software version 1.7. The characterization factors of the ReCiPe Midpoint method were used. The results present impacts in the categories Agricultural land occupation, Climate change, Freshwater eutrophication, Marine eutrophication, Particulate matter formation, Photochemical oxidant formation, Terrestrial acidification and Water depletion.CONACyT. Beca de Doctorado de María del Rosario Villavicencio Gutiérrez. Proyecto de Investigación: Análisis de los inventarios y las asimetrías productivas ambientales y económicas de los sistemas ganaderos. clave: 4219/2016S

Prospectiva ambiental al 2030 en sistemas de producción de leche de vaca en México

The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental performance of cow milk production in small and medium scale systems in Mexico, through life cycle analysis with a cradle to farm gate approach, for the period 2021-2030. The established functional unit was 1 kg of milk corrected for fat and protein. The impact assessment was carried out with the OpenLCA 1.11.0 software, using the ReCiPe method, considering seven impact categories: agricultural land occupation (ALO), marine ecotoxicity (ME), human toxicity (HT), climate change (CC), fossil depletion (FD), soil acidification (SA), and water depletion (WD). Among the main results of the research, the production of cattle feed was identified as the chief contributor to environmental loads in most of the  categories with percentages above 71 %, while on-farm emissions contribute to the environmental loads for the CC (28 %), FD (26 %) and SA (59 %) categories. A comparison was made between pessimistic, base and optimistic scenarios for the years 2021 and 2030, which confirmed an improvement in environmental efficiency in the optimistic scenario, the increase in production volume represents a decrease of 6 % and 5 %, respectively, in the assessed impact categories.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el desempeño ambiental de la producción de leche de vaca en sistema de pequeña y mediana escala en México, mediante análisis de ciclo de vida con un enfoque de la cuna a la puerta de la granja, para el periodo 2021-2030. Se estableció como unidad funcional 1 kg de leche corregida por grasa y proteína. La evaluación de impacto se realizó con el software OpenLCA 1.11.0, mediante el método ReCiPe, se consideraron siete categorías de impacto: ocupación de suelo agrícola (ALO), ecotoxicidad marina (ME), toxicidad humana (TH), cambio climático (CC), agotamiento fósil (FD), acidificación terrestre (TA) y agotamiento de agua (WD). Como principales resultados de la investigación se identificó que la producción de alimento para el ganado es el principal contribuyente a las cargas ambientales en la mayoría de las categorías con porcentajes superiores al 71 %, mientras que las emisiones generadas en la granja contribuyen a las cargas ambientales para las categorías CC (28 %), FD (26 %) y TA (59 %). Se realizó una comparación entre escenarios pesimista, base y optimista para los años 2021 y 2030, lo que confirmó una mejora en la eficiencia ambiental en el escenario optimista prospectado, el incremento en el volumen de producción representó una disminución del 6 % y 5 % respectivamente, en las categorías de impacto evaluadas

Milking to 2030: economic and sustainability prospective of the Mexican dairy sector

Objective: This study aims to assess the productive and economic performance of the Mexican milk sector, particularly focusing on small and medium-scale dairy farms, and examining pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios. Design/methodology/approach: Employing a statistical univariate method with time series analysis (ARIMA), we analyzed productive efficiency and price behavior in Mexican dairy systems. Deterministic and stochastic estimations for production volume, milk price, and cattle inventory from 2021 to 2030 were established using confidence intervals to construct pessimistic (lower interval), base (mean), and optimistic (upper interval) scenarios. Results: The evaluated period witnessed an estimated 10.27% increase in production, equivalent to 576 million liters of milk, with an average annual growth rate of 1.0922%. Milk prices displayed an upward trend, with average prices of $0.66,$0.69, and $0.72 under pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios, respectively. In 2030, a 22$0.45 USD per liter in 2030, costs under pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios were $1,658.21,$1,756.43, and $1,855.31, resulting in profits of$1,160.75, $1,229.50, and$1,022.45 from milk sales. Cattle inventory exhibited an upward trend, paralleling milk volumes and prices. Limitations on study/implications: The study's use of a univariate method may incompletely capture market dynamics complexity, potentially underestimating the impact of external market forces and global economic conditions on milk prices. Findings/conclusions: To secure forecasted milk volumes in base and optimistic scenarios, maintaining and enhancing good management practices is crucial. Additionally, addressing the imperative to augment production efficiency and improve environmental sustainability and animal welfare is essential.Objective: This study aims to assess the productive and economic performance of the Mexican milk sector, particularly focusing on small and medium-scale dairy farms, and examining pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios. Design/methodology/approach: Employing a statistical univariate method with time series analysis (ARIMA), we analyzed productive efficiency and price behavior in Mexican dairy systems. Deterministic and stochastic estimations for production volume, milk price, and cattle inventory from 2021 to 2030 were established using confidence intervals to construct pessimistic (lower interval), base (mean), and optimistic (upper interval) scenarios. Results: The evaluated period witnessed an estimated 10.27% increase in production, equivalent to 576 million liters of milk, with an average annual growth rate of 1.0922%. Milk prices displayed an upward trend, with average prices of $0.66,$0.69, and $0.72 under pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios, respectively. In 2030, a 22$0.45 USD per liter in 2030, costs under pessimistic, base, and optimistic scenarios were $1,658.21,$1,756.43, and $1,855.31, resulting in profits of$1,160.75, $1,229.50, and$1,022.45 from milk sales. Cattle inventory exhibited an upward trend, paralleling milk volumes and prices. Limitations on study/implications: The study's use of a univariate method may incompletely capture market dynamics complexity, potentially underestimating the impact of external market forces and global economic conditions on milk prices. Findings/conclusions: To secure forecasted milk volumes in base and optimistic scenarios, maintaining and enhancing good management practices is crucial. Additionally, addressing the imperative to augment production efficiency and improve environmental sustainability and animal welfare is essential

Actualidad y prospectiva de la investigación científica en el Centro Universitario Amecameca de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Con responsabilidad, se organizó un programa cuya finalidad fuera publicitar con transparencia dichos avances, a través de un esfuerzo de rendición de cuentas a la comunidad inmediata, la universitaria, y a la comunidad abierta, la sociedad que la principal referencia para tal efecto. El programa se concretiza a través del presente libro, conformado con una inspiración de investigación multidisciplinaria; sin embargo, para llegar a tal fin, el reto es realizar el proceso de búsqueda y generación de conocimiento transitando hacia la colaboración de los cuerpos académicos, que puedan construir nuevos conocimientos fortalecidos por la convergencia de diferentes campos del saber. En consecuencia, la primera etapa de esta estrategia es la publicidad de los trabajos investigativos ejercidos, para hacer un balance al día, pero también proyectar el futuro de cada campo y área del conocimiento. La organización explicativa está organizada por tres bloques representativos del quehacer en la generación de conocimiento del Centro Universitario, un primer bloque centra el interés en las humanidades, educación y sustentabilidad; el segundo bloque lo integra la reflexión científica sobre la construcción democrática, derechos humanos y equidad de género; en el tercer segmento se destina a la seguridad alimentaria, salud pública y sistemas agropecuarios. La actualidad de la investigación eleva la producción lograda y lo que en el momento se encuentra en construcción y los alcances que produce para la docencia, la investigación misma, y para la sociedad en general. La prospectiva es un área que todos los capítulos desarrollan con el propósito de delinear los alcances innovadores por andar en teoría, metodología e incluso en los saberes mismo

Evaluation of the Maguey products portfolio for rural cooperatives in Mexico

This paper shows a products portfolio from a cooperative society of Maguey pulquero producers analysis, as an instrument of strategic planning and investment. The commercial diagnostic phases, market research and portfolio products design were considered. A productive chain analysis was made, considering their productive links, post-harvest management and commercialization. A market research was made in two important market centers in business influential regions, where we identified the knowledge and frequency of consumption of the maguey products. The Boston Consulting Matrix was used in order to integrate the portfolio’s products and the Ansoff Matrix to determine the product’s positioning. Finally, an investment and economic viability analysis of the portfolio products was made. Six products were gotten, being the pulque and the agave syrup the investment priority products given the profits they generate while the penca, ixtle and paper represent complementary income. The strategies for the pulque and the agave syrup were the market penetration, and the strategies for the rest of the products are the market and product development. The analyzed products were positive to Net Present Value, Investment Return Rate and cost benefit ratio