An analysis of existing production frameworks for statistical and geographic information: Synergies, gaps and integration

The production of official statistical and geospatial data is often in the hands of highly specialized public agencies that have traditionally followed their own paths and established their own production frameworks. In this article, we present the main frameworks of these two areas and focus on the possibility and need to achieve a better integration between them through the interoperability of systems, processes, and data. The statistical area is well led and has well-defined frameworks. The geospatial area does not have clear leadership and the large number of standards establish a framework that is not always obvious. On the other hand, the lack of a general and common legal framework is also highlighted. Additionally, three examples are offered: the first is the application of the spatial data quality model to the case of statistical data, the second of the application of the statistical process model to the geospatial case, and the third is the use of linked geospatial and statistical data. These examples demonstrate the possibility of transferring experiences/advances from one area to another. In this way, we emphasize the conceptual proximity of these two areas, highlighting synergies, gaps, and potential integration. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

How to Deal with Terrestrial and Oceanic Information using SDI Technologies.

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Llibre blanc de les xarxes socials de la Universitat de Barcelona [2012]

Enabling the interoperability between applications requires agreement in the format and meaning (syntax and semantics) of exchanged data including the ordering of message exchanges. However, today’s researchers argue that these are not enough to achieve a complete, effective and meaningful collaboration – the use of data (pragmatics) is important as well. Pragmatic interoperability requires mutual understanding in the use of data between collaborating systems. However, we observe that the notion of pragmatic interoperability is still largely unsettled, as evidenced by the various proposed definitions and the lack of a canonical understanding. Therefore, our objective is to contribute to a more thorough understanding of this concept through a systematic review of published definitions. Our results show that, indeed, various interpretations of pragmatic interoperability exist. Categorizing the derivable concepts from these definitions, we see two broad groups: system level and business level. Within each of these individual levels, we see some degree of agreement among the definitions. However, comparing the definitions across these levels, we observe no general agreement. At the system level, pragmatic interoperability essentially means sharing the same understanding of the intended and actual use of exchanged system message in a given context. At the business level, pragmatic interoperability goes beyond service use by considering also the compatibility of business intentions, business rules, organizational policies, and the establishment and maintenance of trust and reputation mechanisms between collaborating business parties