Environmental impact assessment of proposed NH-6 of Chhattisgarh

NH 6 is the national highway which connects Mumbai to Kolkata. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for the proposed NH 6 Toll Road project has been undertaken in accordance with the EIA Regulations. Proposed project road connecting the villages and towns by providing better quality and safe roads to the users in a sustainable and environment friendly manner. Government of India (GoI) through Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) enforces Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 for environmental protection because of intervention of new projects or activities, or on expansion and modernization of existing projects or activity based on their environmental impacts

Microtopography of the eggshell of Menacanthus eurysternus (Phthiraptera: Amblycera)

The egg laying sites, pattern and the egg morphology (SEM) of an amblyceran louse parasitizing Bank Myna (Acridotheres ginginianus) have been recorded. Unlike most of the species of the genus, Menacanthus studied so far, the eggshell of M. eurysternus lacks the apophyses (bristle like outgrowths arising from anterior portion of the eggshell). However, the opercular disc of M. eurysternus bears a polar thread and the micropyles are set along the opercular rim

Recurrent Abdominal Actinomycosis With Multiple Organ Involvement: A Rare Clinical Presentation

Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease. It has a tendency to spread contagiously and suppurate forming granulation tissue, and multiple abscesses, which drain through skin forming sinus tracts. Sulphur granules discharging through sinus tracts are the characteristic features. Its varied presentation is always confused with malignancy rather than an infective process. We report an extraordinary case of recurrent abdominal wall actinomycosis spreading to the liver, right kidney, intestine,and pelvic organs because of discontinued treatment with penicillin. We emphasize the importance of long-term antibiotic treatment, which if deferred can lead to recurrence of the disease which could be life threatening at times

Microbial surfactants : A journey from fundamentals to recent advances

Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Pardhi, Panchal, Raval, Joshi, Poczai, Almalki and Rajput.Microbial surfactants are amphiphilic surface-active substances aid to reduce surface and interfacial tensions by accumulating between two fluid phases. They can be generically classified as low or high molecular weight biosurfactants based on their molecular weight, whilst overall chemical makeup determines whether they are neutral or anionic molecules. They demonstrate a variety of fundamental characteristics, including the lowering of surface tension, emulsification, adsorption, micelle formation, etc. Microbial genera like Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Candida spp., and Pseudozyma spp. are studied extensively for their production. The type of biosurfactant produced is reliant on the substrate utilized and the pathway pursued by the generating microorganisms. Some advantages of biosurfactants over synthetic surfactants comprise biodegradability, low toxicity, bioavailability, specificity of action, structural diversity, and effectiveness in harsh environments. Biosurfactants are physiologically crucial molecules for producing microorganisms which help the cells to grasp substrates in adverse conditions and also have antimicrobial, anti-adhesive, and antioxidant properties. Biosurfactants are in high demand as a potential product in industries like petroleum, cosmetics, detergents, agriculture, medicine, and food due to their beneficial properties. Biosurfactants are the significant natural biodegradable substances employed to replace the chemical surfactants on a global scale in order to make a cleaner and more sustainable environment.Peer reviewe

Practice effects on the modified Concept Shifting Task (mCST): A convenient assessment for treatment effects on prefrontal cognitive function

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Trail-making tests, such as the Concept Shifting Task (CST), can be used to test the effects of treatment on cognitive performance over time in various neuropsychological disorders. However, cognitive performance in such experimental designs might improve as a result of the practice obtained during repeated testing rather than the treatment itself. The current study investigated if practice affects the accuracy and duration of performance on the repeatedly administered Concept Shifting Task modified to make it resistant to practice (mCST). The mCST was administered to 54 healthy participants twice a day, before and after a short break, for eight days. Results. The ANOVA and meta-analysis showed that there was no improvement in the mCST accuracy on the last vs. the first trial (Hedges' <it>g </it>= .14, <it>p </it>= .221) or within the session (after vs. before the break on all days; <it>g </it>= .01, <it>p </it>= .922). However, the participants performed the task faster on the last vs. the first trial (<it>g </it>= -.75, <it>p </it>< .001) and after vs. before the break on all days (<it>g </it>= -.12, <it>p </it>= .002). Conclusions. Repeated administration of the mCST does not affect the accuracy of performance on the test. However, practice might contribute to faster performance on the mCST over time and within each session.</p

Prevalence of Post-operative Wound Infections in Rural area of Latur District

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a major source of morbidity following operative procedures. The modern surgeon cannot escape the responsibility of dealing with infections, having the knowledge for the appropriate use of aseptic and antiseptic technique, proper use of prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics, and adequate monitoring and support with novel surgical and pharmacologic as well as nonpharmacologic aids. Objective: To study the most common organisms encountered in postoperative wound infections and to find out the most effective Antibiotics in case of Post Operative Wound Infections. Methodology: It is an Observational study done on 50 operated cases of post operative wounds. Results: Most common microorganism encountered in present series was E. coli in 13 cases (26%). Least common micro organism was Proteus (2%). E. coli was also encountered in mixed culture with Kleibsiella, Pseudomonas and Citrobacter. Most effective antibiotic in present series was Imipenem. Other common effective antibiotics were Amikacin, Netillin, Piperacillin, Tetracycline and Gentamycin. Least effective antibiotics were Penicillin, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime and Cefoxitin. Conclusion: E. coli was the most common organism cultured. Imipenem and Amikacin were the most effective antibiotics

Age estimation by dental parameters: Search continues

Age estimation is one of the essential factors in forensics. The hardness and resilience of teeth to the external factors such as chemicals, putrefaction, and fire explosions makes ita reliable source in age estimation. Simultaneously they also undergo age-associated regressive changes. Although age can be estimated by various methods but each method has its own pros and cons. The present study was undertaken with the aim of evaluating three histological method using teeth. The objectives of the study also included assessment and comparison of two methods of age estimation employing multiple histological parameters, assessment of age estimation using single histological parameter, comparison of methods using multiple histological parameters with a single parameter method for age assessment. In our study we have found that method where multiple parameters were used gave us the better results however a variation in age assessment does exist and the search continues

Correlation between periodontal pocket depth and red complex bacteria among tobacco user

Aims- The present study is to evaluate the presence of red complex microorganism and relation with the prevalence of anaerobic bacteria and corelation with pocket depth in Periodontitis among tobacco user. Materials and Methods- The BANA (N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide) test was used to analyze subgingival microbiota. 400 subject age between 20-55 enrolled in this study, subject divided into three groups Tobacco Chewers, Tobacco Smokers, Both chewers and smokers and Non tobacco user. Result – The present study compared the subject with BANA test and pocket depth, the study shows tobacco smokers had deep pocket in comparison to other subject, which concluded that tobacco smokers show greater destruction of periodontium. Conclusion- Tobacco is harmful substance either it is used in any form (Chewing and Smoking), but study clearly indicate tobacco smoking are responsible for more destruction of Periodontium. The tobacco cessation programme should be implemented to prevent periodontitis and smoking prevention should be done by health education

The interplay of secondary Hg⋯S, Hg⋯N and Hg⋯π bonding interactions in supramolecular structures of phenylmercury(ii) dithiocarbamates

Three new phenylmercury(II) and one mercury(II) dithiocarbamate complexes viz. PhHg S2CN(PyCH2) Bz (1), PhHg S2CN(PyCH2)CH3 (2), PhHg S2CN(Bz)CH3 (3), and [Hg (NCS2(PyCH2)Bz)(2)] (4) (Py = pyridine; Bz = benzyl) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, electronic absorption, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of 1, 2 and 3 showed a linear S-Hg-C core at the centre of the molecule, in which the metal atom is bound to the sulfur atom of the dithiocarbamate ligand and a carbon atom of the aromatic ring. In contrast the crystal structure of 4 showed a linear S-Hg-S core at the Hg(II) centre of the molecule. Weak intermolecular Hg center dot center dot center dot N (Py) interactions link molecules into a linear chain in the case of 1, whereas chains of dimers are formed in 2 through intermolecular Hg center dot center dot center dot N (Py) and Hg center dot center dot center dot S interactions. 3 forms a conventional face-to-edge dimeric structure through intermolecular Hg center dot center dot center dot S secondary bonding and 4 forms a linear chain of dimers through face-to-face Hg center dot center dot center dot S secondary bonding. In order to elucidate the nature of these secondary bonding interactions and the electronic absorption spectra of the complexes, ab initio quantum chemical calculations at the MP2 level and density functional theory calculations were carried out for 1-3. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibited photoluminescent properties in the solid state as well as in the solution phase. Studies indicate that Hg center dot center dot center dot S interactions decrease and Hg center dot center dot center dot N interactions increase the chances of photoluminescence in the solid phas