Heat and mass transfer effect of a Magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flow in the presence of inclined plate

The key purpose of this paper is to study the convection of a transient state in the flow of MHD Casson fluid over an inclined layer. In addition, the influence of the magnetic field, Dufour effects and heat suction / injection through porous medium are considered in the present analysis. By the Laplace transformation process, the analytical solutions of governing equations are established. By using the particular solution of fluid temperature and species concentration, the expressions for Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also premeditated. The variations in fluid velocity, fluid temperature, species concentration, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown graphically for different values of pertinent flow parameters.It is noted that with an increase in the Dufour number, the axial velocity decreases and it is also noted that the concentration of the species decreases with an increase in the Dufour number.The velocity decreases as all the cases of cooling and heating of the porous inclined plate raise the suction parameter.

Heat and mass transfer effect of a Magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flow in the presence of inclined plate

28-39The key purpose of this paper is to study the convection of a transient state in the flow of MHD Casson fluid over an inclined layer. In addition, the influence of the magnetic field, Dufour effects and heat suction / injection through porous medium are considered in the present analysis. By the Laplace transformation process, the analytical solutions of governing equations are established. By using the particular solution of fluid temperature and species concentration, the expressions for Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also premeditated. The variations in fluid velocity, fluid temperature, species concentration, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown graphically for different values of pertinent flow parameters. It is noted that with an increase in the Dufour number, the axial velocity decreases and it is also noted that the concentration of the species decreases with an increase in the Dufour number. The velocity decreases as all the cases of cooling and heating of the porous inclined plate raise the suction parameter

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Synthesis and characterization of halogenocobalt(III) complexes of 3,8-dimethyl-5,6-benzo-4,7-diazadeca-3,7-diene-2,9-dione dioxime with substitute pyridines

800-802Cobalt(III) complexes of the type [Co(DODOHbzo) (s-py)X]CIO4, where DODOHbzo = 3,8-dimethyl-5,6 benzo-4.7- diazadeca-3,7-diene-2,9-dione dioxime mono anion, s-py = a substituted pyridine, such as, nicotinamide, isonicotinamide, nicotinic acid or isonicotinic acid and X- = CI-, Br- or J-, have been synthesised and characterised by elemental analyses, conductivity studies, IR, 1H NMR and UV-visible spectral data. The IR evidence suggests that it is the pyridine nitrogen that is involved in the coordination with cobalt(III), leaving amide and carboxylic acid groups free

Hydrogeochemistry Of Thirumanimuttar Basin: An Indication Of Weathering and Anthropogenic Impact

A total of 148 groundwater samples were collected from bore wells from Thirumanimuttar sub-basin for two seasons to identify major geochemical process activated to alter groundwater chemistry. The study revealed relationships with the lithology and anthropogenic process. Groundwater in the region was dominated by Na - Ca - Mg and Cl and HCO3 types. The (Ca +Mg) Versus TZ+ plot for both seasons reveals higher Ca and Mg due to leaching due to silicate mineral weathering from aquifer matrix of the study area. The plot for (Na + K) versus TZ+ indicates weathering process of both alkali and alkali earth from feldspars along with additional sources like contribution from alkali/saline soil and residence time. Saturation index of silicate, carbonate and fluoride minerals indicates oversaturation and equilibrium state and sulfate minerals were at undersaturated state during both the seasons. Lithology and Anthropogenic activity plays a significant role in controlling groundwater chemistry of the study area

Circadian and Social Cues Regulate Ion Channel Trafficking

Michael R. Markham is with UT Austin and Florida International University, M. Lynne McAnelly is with UT Austin, Philip K. Stoddard is with Florida International University, Harold H. Zakon is with UT Austin.Electric fish generate and sense electric fields for navigation and communication. These signals can be energetically costly to produce and can attract electroreceptive predators. To minimize costs, some nocturnally active electric fish rapidly boost the power of their signals only at times of high social activity, either as night approaches or in response to social encounters. Here we show that the gymnotiform electric fish Sternopygus macrurus rapidly boosts signal amplitude by 40% at night and during social encounters. S. macrurus increases signal magnitude through the rapid and selective trafficking of voltage-gated sodium channels into the excitable membranes of its electrogenic cells, a process under the control of pituitary peptide hormones and intracellular second-messenger pathways. S. macrurus thus maintains a circadian rhythm in signal amplitude and adapts within minutes to environmental events by increasing signal amplitude through the rapid trafficking of ion channels, a process that directly modifies an ongoing behavior in real time.Financial support and equipment for this research were provided by National Institutes of Health grants K01MH064550 (MRM), MBRS GM08205 (PKS), and NS025513 (HHZ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Biological Sciences, School o