Diversity of true mangroves and their associates in the Kundapura region, Udupi district, Karnataka, Southwest coast of India

The present study documents the diversity of true mangroves and their associates, in four selected sites of Kundapura, Udupi district, Karnataka, Southwest coast of India, for a period of two years from April-2010 to March-2012. These places are far from one another and the mangrove species diversity varies from one place to another, due to factors such as climate, tidal factors and anthropogenic pressures. Nine true mangrove floral species belonging to six families and ten associated floral species belonging to nine families were identified along the inundated and the adjacent regions at the study sites.  This write up discusses the need of present study is to gain knowledge about the mangrove flora in order help conservation of mangrove ecosystem

Crystallographic Stability of Metastable Phase Formed by Containerless Processing in REFeO3 (RE: Rare-Earth Element)

Undercooling a melt often facilitates a metastable phase to nucleate preferentially. Although the classical nucleation theory shows that the most critical factor for forming a metastable phase is the interface free energy, the crystallographic stability is also indispensable for the phase to be frozen at ambient temperature. In compound materials such as oxides, authors have suggested that the decisive factors for forming a critical nucleus are not only the free energy difference but also the difference of the entropy of fusion between stable and metastable phases. In the present study, using REFeO3 (RE: rare-earth element) as a model material, we investigate the formation of a metastable phase from undercooled melts with respect to the competitive nucleation and crystallographical stabilities of both phases

COMPARATIVE FORMULATION, EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF IMIDAPRIL MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS USING DIFFERENT SYNTHETIC SUPERDISINTEGRATING AGENTS

Objective: The aim of this work was preparing once daily mouth disintegrating tablets to handle easily for adult hypertensive patients who have difficulty in swallowing. Methods: Imidapril mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) were prepared by direct compression method using different concentrations of synthetic super disintegrants namely Sodium starch glycolate, Croscarmellose sodium & Kyron T-314. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, content uniformity, disintegration time and In-vitro dissolution studies.Results: The micropolitics study indicates that all formulations were of acceptable to good flowability. Tablet hardness and friability indicated that the prepared formulations were having good mechanical strength. The most satisfactory formulation F5 containing Sodium starch glycolate showed minimum disintegration time of 19 s and released a maximum amount of drug in 30 min in phosphate buffer 6.8pH, by an appropriate combination of excipients. The optimized F5 formulation containing Sodium starch glycolate was found to be stable during stability studies conducted for 3 mo as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.Conclusion: The present study conclusively proved that Imidapril MDTs could be successfully developed using various super disintegrants. The prepared tablets gave promising results with respect to the faster release of Imidapril. Further clinical studies are suggested to confirm the ability of the best-achieved system to avoid the first pass metabolism of Imidapril and improve patient compliance.Â

Speed Control of Parallel Connected DSIM Fed by Six Phase Inverter with IFOC Strategy Using ANFIS

This paper describe the presentation of an IM for high load and high-power applications, this kind of applications the motor have a complex coupling between the field and torque. This can be achieve with assist of Indirect Field Oriented Control (IFOC) and parallel connection of two motors. The benefit is that parallel connection can provide the decoupled control of flux and torque for each motor and their concert in different operating environments. The Speed control of two Double Star Induction Motors working in parallel configuration with IFOC using a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference (ANFIS) controller is investigate in different operating environments. The two motors are connected in parallel at the output of a single six-phase PWM based inverter fed from a DC source. Performance of the projected method under load disturbances is studied through simulation using a MATLAB and evaluation of speed response of two controllers is analyzed. &nbsp

Exploration and mitigation of power quality problems in radial distribution system by placing distributed generation through voltage stability index

Introduction. Distributed generation has played an important role in many aspects of sustainability, such as improving voltage profiles and reducing power losses, in the distribution network. Problem. Frequent variation of loads causes many complications while placing and sizing of distributed generation in the radial distribution network, via quality of supply, and stability of the system. Goal of the paper is to investigate and mitigate the power quality issues towards stabilizing the system during distributed generations placed in the system under various loading conditions. Methodology. The line voltage stability index analyses and enhances the performance of the radial distribution network by effective sizing and location of distributed generation towards the objective function. Practical value. A standard test system IEEE-69 bus radial distribution network is used to understand through MATLAB environment.Вступ. Розподілена генерація відіграла важливу роль у багатьох аспектах стійкості, таких як покращення профілів напруги та зниження втрат електроенергії у розподільній мережі. Проблема. Часті коливання навантаження викликають безліч складнощів при розміщенні та визначенні розміру розподіленої генерації в радіальній розподільній мережі через якість постачання та стабільність системи. Мета статті полягає в тому, щоб дослідити та пом'якшити проблеми з якістю електроенергії для стабілізації системи під час розподіленої генерації, розміщеної у системі за різних умов навантаження. Методологія. Індекс стабільності лінійної напруги аналізує та підвищує продуктивність радіальної розподільної мережі за рахунок ефективного визначення розміру та розташування розподіленої генерації щодо цільової функції. Практична цінність. Для розуміння використовується стандартна тестова система радіальної розподільної мережі IEEE-69 за допомогою середовища MATLAB

Inhibition of free radical activity by dual PPAR α and PPAR γ agonist using analytical assay methods

Background: Overproduction of free radicals involved in the pathology of a wide variety of clinical disorders. Poor glycaemic control in diabetic people leads to free radical production responsible for diabetic related complications. Antioxidants produces resistance against the oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals may useful in treating diabetic related complications. Saroglitazar is a newer antidiabetic drug act on dual Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor Agonist α (PPAR α) and PPAR γ agonist with protection effect on Diabetes mellitus induced lipid dystrophy. Our study was done to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant effect Saroglitazar by 1, 1 Diphenyl 2 Picryl hydrazide (DPPH) and Nitric Oxide (NO) method.Methods: In this study, we demonstrated invitro antioxidant activity by using 10 mg/dl stock solutions of Saroglitazar. DPPH and NO free radical scavenging test were done for different concentration of Saroglitazar.Results: Saroglitazar showed concentration dependent free radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay. In DPPH assay at higher concentration 1000ug concentration showed 49.18% free radical scavenging activity. At lower concentration 10ug showed 17.18% free radical scavenging activity. NO scavenging activity at lower concentration 100ug showed 55.15% activity. But the higher concentration (1000ug) only slight increase in 60.15% activity.Conclusions: Thus Saroglitazar invitro antioxidant analysis proved that it is a potent antioxidant

Experimental evaluation of the anti-ulcer activity of the ethanolic extract of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed in wistar albino rats against aspirin plus pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer model

Background: There is an increased demand for newer safer drugs for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease as its incidence is increasing gradually in view of changing lifestyle and stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of ethanol extract of seeds of Vitis vinifera.Methods: The ethanol extract of Vitis vinifera was investigated for its anti-ulcer activity in rats against Aspirin plus Pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer.The antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing gastric volume, pH, free and total acidity; ulcer number and its inhibition, ulcer severity and ulcer index.Results: A significant antiulcer activity was observed. Pylorus ligation model showed significant (p<0.01) reduction in gastric volume, free acidity and ulcer index as compared to control.Conclusions: This present study indicates that Vitis vinifera seed extract have potential anti-ulcer activity in the model tested

Stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of Grazoprevir and Elbasvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form

A simple, Accurate and precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Grazoprevir and Elbasvir in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Kromosil C18 (250 x 4.6 mm), 5m. Mobile phase containing Buffer: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 45:55 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Buffer used in this method was Di Potassium Hydrogen ortho Phosphate. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 215 nm. Retention time of Elbasvir and Grazoprevir and were found to be 2.503 min and 3.004. %RSD of the Elbasvir and Grazoprevir were and found to be 0.3 and 0.4 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 98.17% and 99.83% for Grazoprevir and Elbasvir respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Grazoprevir and Elbasvir were 0.24, 0.73 and 0.06, 0.19 respectively. Retention times were decreased and run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries