Epidemiological Study of Thermal Burn Deaths at a Tertiary Care Centre in Mumbai, India

Background: Fire is a well-known double edged sword for human beings as it has served as well as destroyed mankind. Death due to thermal burns is burning topic all over the globe.Methods: Total 109 cases of death due to fatal thermal burns which were brought for the autopsy examination at Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India, during the period of January 2014 to July 2015, were considered for present study.Results: Out of 1771 medico-legal post-mortem examinations done during study period 109 (6.14%) were deaths due to thermal burns. Females accounted for 92 (84.4%) cases while 17 (15.6%) were males. Maximum number of cases 49 (44.95%) were seen in 21- 30 years age group. Maximum victims 87 (79.82%) were Hindus. Urban deaths accounted 81 (74.31%) whereas 27 (24.77%) were from rural area. Kitchen was the most common place of occurrence accounting for 65 (59.63%) cases. Maximum incidences occurred in winter contributing 39 (35.78%) deaths. Maximum vulnerability was observed in early evening hours accounting for 19 (17.43%) incidences. Maximum 41 (37.61%) victims survived up to a period of 3 to 7 days. Considering the level of education, maximum victims 50 (45.87%) were educated up to primary school level. Housewives 73 (66.92%) were the most vulnerable victims. Socio-economic status shows maximum cases are from upper lower and lower middle class population.Conclusion: Considering the religion-wise population distribution in India, location of the study centre and exposure of Indian females to fire during cooking, all these results can be justified

Death of a Pedestrian due to Fatal Scrotal Trauma: a Case Report

Background: Male external genitalia comprising penis and scrotum though exposed externally, being a mobile anatomical structure are less prone to injuries during a vehicular accident. Injuries are reported usually during sports activities, violent sexual acts and sometimes vehicular accidents. Injuries to scrotum, penis or adjoining structures may lead to temporary or permanent impotence or infertility or both.Case Report: A 53 years old male sustained injuries as a result of accident with a car while he was walking along the roadside. He was brought immediately to a tertiary care hospital and was treated by a quick response team of doctors in emergency department. Despite of all resuscitative measures by expert doctors, he could not be revived. Autopsy revealed enlarged bluish red colored scrotum with loss of rugosities associated with multiple other injuries. On dissection of scrotum, it was showing a dark red colored hematoma covering whole scrotum. Most frequently, hematoma covering whole scrotum is due to rupture of tunica albuginea, with tunica vaginalis pooling to the epididymis. Death in this case was attributed to scrotal injury.Conclusion: Even though blunt trauma is the commonest mechanism causing about 85% of scrotal trauma, it is often missed on routine autopsy procedure. At least in cases of instantaneous death following a vehicular accident, scrotum must be properly examined

Rupture of Heart in a Cannabis Addict: an Autopsy Case Report

Background: Cannabis sativa or indica also known as Indian hemp is most widely used illicit drug in the world in its various forms such as bhang, majoon, ganja, charas or hashis. It affects various systems of human body on virtue of its active principle i.e. delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Its effect on cardiovascular system such as dose dependant increase in heart rate, arrhythmia and increased occurrence of myocardial infarction are well known.Case Report: In present case, a 42 years old male, addicted to ingestion of ‘bhang’ and suffering from psychiatric illness was brought to the hospital with history of headache and vomiting since last 12 hours. There was history of his violent behaviour, hence he was kept locked in a room for few hours and then relieved. He was treated for few hours and succumbed to death. On autopsy, patent coronaries and rupture of anterior wall of heart, in the vicinity of inter-ventricular septum was revealed.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, no such case was found in the literature. Treatment of patients with history of cannabis addiction must be focused in the view of acute cardiac conditions

Medical Insurance Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning

Medical insurance fraud poses significant challenges to the healthcare industry, impacting financial resources and patient care. This research explores the application of machine learning methodologies to detect fraudulent activities within healthcare insurance claims. Medical insurance fraud detection is crucial to help insurance companies save money. Machine learning is a powerful tool that can be used to detect fraudulent activities in the healthcare industry. Fraud can be spread broadly and extremely costly to the therapeutic protection framework. Protection can be made unscrupulous and be a case designed to hide or alter such information meant for social insurance benefits. Cheats might be numerous and submitted by the protection guarantor or the safeguarded. The unscrupulous social insurance providers are the reason for extortion in the well-being segment. This research approach is to apply machine learning to find incidents of medical insurance fraud automatically. In conclusion, machine learning is a promising tool for detecting medical insurance fraud. It can help insurers detect fraudulent activities in real time, saving money on bogus claims

Massive Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumothorax and Pneumoscrotum: Diagnostic Dilemma on Autopsy

Background: Subcutaneous emphysema is when gas or air in the layer under the skin. It literally means trapped air in the tissues beneath skin. It has characteristic crackling feel to touch, a sensation that has been described as similar to touching to Rice Krispies; this sensations under skin is called as subcutaneous crepitation.Case Report: A 50-years old male sustained injuries allegedly as a result of vehicular accident and was taken to a nearby private hospital. He was intubated there and then referred to a tertiary care hospital. He succumbed to death during transportation and was declared as brought dead on arrival. His body was brought for autopsy.Conclusion: There was massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumoscrotum. Their origin created a dilemma on autopsy due to various reasons. It is discussed in detail and tried to track the origin

A Rare Case of Webbed Penis in an Alleged Accused of Sexual Assault

Background: Webbed penis is a rare congenital anomaly of penis which can be presented in late childhood or adolescence. It can be present in isolation or can also occur in combination with hypospadias, chordee, and micropenis.Case Report: A 42-years old unmarried male, working as tailor was brought by police with alleged history of sexual assault with 6 years old girl. On examination of penis and scrotum, the penoscrotal fusion extending from the preputial skin to the scrotal wall was seen suggestive of simple type, grade-03 webbed penis.Conclusion: In cases of alleged accused of sexual offences having webbed penis without having any other penile deformity will not to be considered as legitimate cause of impotency

Fabricated or Assault Wounds - A Scientific Approach

Background: Fabricated (fictitious, forged or invented) wounds are usually superficial injuries mostly produced by a person on his own body (self-inflicted) or occasionally, caused by another person acting in agreement with him (self-suffered). Assault means a physical attack by another person.Case Report: We received two cases, within a short period, from different police stations, with multiple incised wounds over different regions of the body. Characteristically one of the cases was brought with all fresh wounds and another with all healed linear scar marks. Both these cases were presented as assault wounds in the hospital. As the history of both cases was misleading and the investigating authority was suspecting fabricated wounds, medical opinion regarding the manner of injuries was sought.Conclusion: Present case report deals with importance of proper history taking, pattern of injuries, examination and use of simple techniques like photography and hand lens to rule out assault wounds

Iot Solutions for Enhancing Agricultural Practices and Environmental Sustainability

This investigate points to think about the results of way better appropriation of IoT within the field of farming. The think about points to appear how made strides cultivating strategies through IoT can give superior results for the environment. The research was able to extend the keen water system and precisely anticipate the yields through optimization calculations. Agriculturists can make their farms' results way better by taking more brilliant and productive choices through Choice Back Frameworks (DSS). The savvy cultivating (accuracy cultivating) has demonstrated to be useful for the environment.  Through detailed studies and evaluations of the life cycle and impact on ecosystems, it has been revealed that this method provides healthier soil, increased biodiversity and lowers carbon emissions. The expenses of cultivation can be minimized by lowering water consumption. This is important because it lowers the issue of the shortage of water. The outputs from the model will highlight the importance of utilizing water resources in an optimized way for farming through IoT based methods. The Decision-Making Systems have been proved to be significantly useful in agricultural activities; they provide an efficient way to make important business decisions. The systems were designed to provide in-time data to the network so that farmers can make their desicions up-to-date

Mechanical And Electrical Multifunctional Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- Hydroxyvalerate)-multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites

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