John Haupt-His Life and Geneology

John H. Haupt, who financed construction of the house at 113 E. Oglethorpe Avenue (Lot 13, Franklin Ward), was born in St. Augustine, Florida about August, 1780. In 1802, at the age of twenty-two, he married Rebecca Lavender of Savannah. He had moved to Savannah sometime previous to his marriage, probably with his presumed father, John Haupt, a baker. As a young man, Haupt was quite a character, defaulting n taxes several times before running for Receiver of the Tax Returns in 1811, a position for which he was defeated. This defeat marked the beginning of a somewhat less than successful career running for public office. He ran for county coroner in 1828 and in 1834 and was defeated both times. At one point, he was elected district justice of the peace, running without opposition. In the behind-the-scenes political world, Haupt was more successful, being a leader in the Chatham County Union and States Rights Association during the 1830\u27s.https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/sav-bios-lane/1223/thumbnail.jp

Emanuel Drufus and His Sons: a Biographical sketch and Geneology

Moses was bor_n inQincinnati,.Ohio in 1864. While his two brothers discussed above,were somewhat prominent as leadtffs in their youth, Moses seems to have been the businessman the \u27\u27hard-working type·of the family. He, like his brothers and fathers, was in dry goods, clothing, and the like, and he seems to have been somewhat successful (so far as can be determined until 1903); however, at some time before World War I, he went into insurance. (The firm which he founded continues today under the ownership of his grandson.) Moses married Henrietta Byck in 189J and she died \u27in 1917. He re-married in 1921 to Maude Rice. He died in 1946.https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/sav-bios-lane/1050/thumbnail.jp

The UPS Prototype: An Experimental End-User Service Across E-Print Archives

A meeting was held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 21-22, 1999, to generate discussion and consensus about interoperability of publicly available scholarly information archives. The invitees represented several well known e-print and report archive initiatives, as well as organizations with interests in digital libraries and the transformation of scholarly communication. The central goal of the meeting was to agree on recommendations that would make the creation of end-user services -- such as scientific search engines and linking systems -- for data originating from distributed and dissimilar archives easier. The Universal Preprint Service (UPS) Prototype was developed in preparation for this meeting. As a proof-of-concept of a multi-discipline digital library of publicly available scholarly material, the Prototype harvested nearly 200,000 records from several different archives and created an attractive end-user environment. This paper describes the results of the project. This is done in two ways. On the one hand, the experimental end-user service that was created during the project is illustrated. On the other hand, the lessons that the project team drew from the experience of creating the Prototype are presented

Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors drive intestinal inflammation via activation of toll-like receptor 4

Ingestion of wheat, barley, or rye triggers small intestinal inflammation in patients with celiac disease. Specifically, the storage proteins of these cereals (gluten) elicit an adaptive Th1-mediated immune response in individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 as major genetic predisposition. This well-defined role of adaptive immunity contrasts with an ill-defined component of innate immunity in celiac disease. We identify the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) CM3 and 0.19, pest resistance molecules in wheat, as strong activators of innate immune responses in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. ATIs engage the TLR4–MD2–CD14 complex and lead to up-regulation of maturation markers and elicit release of proinflammatory cytokines in cells from celiac and nonceliac patients and in celiac patients’ biopsies. Mice deficient in TLR4 or TLR4 signaling are protected from intestinal and systemic immune responses upon oral challenge with ATIs. These findings define cereal ATIs as novel contributors to celiac disease. Moreover, ATIs may fuel inflammation and immune reactions in other intestinal and nonintestinal immune disorders

Features and Outcomes of 899 Patients With Drug-Induced Liver Injury: The DILIN Prospective Study

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network is conducting a prospective study of patients with DILI in the United States. We present characteristics and subgroup analyses from the first 1257 patients enrolled in the study. METHODS: In an observational longitudinal study, we began collecting data on eligible individuals with suspected DILI in 2004, following them for 6 months or longer. Subjects were evaluated systematically for other etiologies, causes, and severity of DILI. RESULTS: Among 1257 enrolled subjects with suspected DILI, the causality was assessed in 1091 patients, and 899 were considered to have definite, highly likely, or probable DILI. Ten percent of patients died or underwent liver transplantation, and 17% had chronic liver injury. In the 89 patients (10%) with pre-existing liver disease, DILI appeared to be more severe than in those without (difference not statistically significant; P = .09) and mortality was significantly higher (16% vs 5.2%; P 365 days were nitrofurantoin (25%) or minocycline (17%). There were no differences in outcomes of patients with short vs long latency of DILI. Compared with individuals younger than 65 years, individuals 65 years or older (n = 149) were more likely to have cholestatic injury, although mortality and rate of liver transplantation did not differ. Nine patients (1%) had concomitant severe skin reactions; implicated agents were lamotrigine, azithromycin, carbamazepine, moxifloxacin, cephalexin, diclofenac, and nitrofurantoin. Four of these patients died. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality from DILI is significantly higher in individuals with pre-existing liver disease or concomitant severe skin reactions compared with patients without. Additional studies are needed to confirm the association between azithromycin and increased DILI in patients with chronic liver disease. Older age and short or long latencies are not associated with DILI mortality

Liver injury from herbals and dietary supplements in the U.S. Drug‐Induced Liver Injury Network

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108649/1/hep27317.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108649/2/hep27317-sup-0001-supptbl1.pd

The Pennsylvania Dutchman Vol. 8, No. 1

● The Summer House ● Drinks in Dutchland ● Yesteryear in Dutchland ● Moshey and Bellyguts ● Rise of Interest in Dutch Antiques ● Diaper Lore ● Lititz ● Witchcraft in Cow and Horse ● Dorothy Kalbach ● Plain Dutch and Gay Dutch ● Dialect Folksay ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers ● About the Authors ● What\u27s New in Dutchlandhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1008/thumbnail.jp

Hepatic histological findings in suspected drug‐induced liver injury: Systematic evaluation and clinical associations

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102713/1/hep26709.pd

Ernst Freund as Precursor of the Rational Study of Corporate Law

Gindis, David, Ernst Freund as Precursor of the Rational Study of Corporate Law (October 27, 2017). Journal of Institutional Economics, Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2905547, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2905547The rise of large business corporations in the late 19th century compelled many American observers to admit that the nature of the corporation had yet to be understood. Published in this context, Ernst Freund's little-known The Legal Nature of Corporations (1897) was an original attempt to come to terms with a new legal and economic reality. But it can also be described, to paraphrase Oliver Wendell Holmes, as the earliest example of the rational study of corporate law. The paper shows that Freund had the intuitions of an institutional economist, and engaged in what today would be called comparative institutional analysis. Remarkably, his argument that the corporate form secures property against insider defection and against outsiders anticipated recent work on entity shielding and capital lock-in, and can be read as an early contribution to what today would be called the theory of the firm.Peer reviewe