Pacientų, kuriems taikoma ekstrakorporinė membraninė oksigenacija, slaugos problemų analizė

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an artificial circulatory technique that maintains vital lung and/or heart function during critical conditions. ECMO is considered a complex clinical activity requiring critical decisions and rapid medical response, especially in emergency situations. Anaesthesia and critical care nurses face many challenges in their work, and patients with critical medical conditions are particularly stressful. The nursing process becomes even more complex when the patient is on ECMO. The aim of this study was to analyse from a theoretical perspective the nursing characteristics and problems in the care of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The research method was a review of scientific articles using the following key words: anaesthesia and intensive care nurses, nurses knowledge, nursing problems, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and combinations of these with the words "and" "or". PubMed, Cochrane ClinicalKey, BMJ Best Practice, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases were searched for research articles. The literature review included open access and full-length articles published between 2016 and 2022 and written in English. The results showed that anaesthesia and intensive care nurses need to demonstrate in-depth knowledge and skills, to be able to react quickly to meet individual patient care needs, to recognise early complications of ECMO, to ensure the patient's recovery and to improve quality of life.Ekstrakorporinė membraninė oksigenacija (EKMO) − tai dirbtinės kraujotakos technika, kritinių būklių metu palaikanti gyvybiškai svarbią plaučių ir (arba) širdies funkciją. EKMO laikoma sudėtinga klinikine veikla, reikalaujančia kritiškų sprendimų ir greitos medikų reakcijos, ypač kritiniais atvejais. Anestezijos ir intensyviosios priežiūros slaugytojai savo darbe susiduria su daugybe iššūkių, o ypač daug streso kelia pacientai, kurių sveikatos būklė yra kritinė. Slaugos procesas tampa dar sudėtingesnis, kai pacientui yra taikoma EKMO. Pacientas, kuriam atliekama EKMO, yra gydomas ir slaugomas reanimacijos ir intensyviosios terapijos skyriuje. Tokių pacientų priežiūra, o ypač EKMO taikymo pradžioje, iš slaugytojų pareikalauja ne tik gilių slaugos žinių ir įgūdžių, bet ir lankstumo, greitos reakcijos, kad būtų patenkinti individualūs paciento poreikiai, atpažintos ankstyvos EKMO komplikacijos, kritinės būklės. Tyrimo tikslas − išanalizuoti teoriniu aspektu slaugos ypatumus ir problemas, slaugant pacientus, kuriems taikoma ekstrakorporinė membraninė oksigenacija. Tyrimo metodas. Atlikta mokslinių straipsnių apžvalga naudojant reikšminius žodžius: anestezijos ir intensyviosios terapijos slaugytojai, slaugytojų žinios, slaugos problemos, ekstrakorporinė membraninė oksigenacija (anaesthesia and intensive care nurses, nurses knowledge, nursing problems, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) ir jų kombinacijas su žodžiais „ir“ „arba“ („and“ „or“). Mokslinių straipsnių paieška atlikta PubMed, Cochrane ClinicalKey, BMJ Best Practice, Science Direct ir Google Scholar duomenų bazėse. Į literatūros apžvalgą buvo įtraukti 2016–2022 metais publikuoti laisvai pasiekiami ir pilnos apimties straipsniai, kurie yra parašyti anglų kalba. Atrinkus tinkamus straipsnius bei mokslinę literatūrą buvo apžvelgti ekstrakorporinės membraninės oksigenacijos slaugymo ypatumai

Analysis of nursing problems in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an artificial circulatory technique that maintains vital lung and/or heart function during critical conditions. ECMO is considered a complex clinical activity requiring critical decisions and rapid medical response, especially in emergency situations. Anaesthesia and critical care nurses face many challenges in their work, and patients with critical medical conditions are particularly stressful. The nursing process becomes even more complex when the patient is on ECMO. The aim of this study was to analyse from a theoretical perspective the nursing characteristics and problems in the care of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The research method was a review of scientific articles using the following key words: anaesthesia and intensive care nurses, nurses knowledge, nursing problems, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and combinations of these with the words "and" "or". PubMed, Cochrane ClinicalKey, BMJ Best Practice, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases were searched for research articles. The literature review included open access and full-length articles published between 2016 and 2022 and written in English. The results showed that anaesthesia and intensive care nurses need to demonstrate in-depth knowledge and skills, to be able to react quickly to meet individual patient care needs, to recognise early complications of ECMO, to ensure the patient's recovery and to improve quality of life

Hollow fibre liquid phase microextraction of parabens

A hollow fibre liquid phase microextraction for gas chromatographic determination of some p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters has been developed. Chlorobenzene containing tetradecane as internal standard was used for the extraction. Optimized extraction was carried out at room temperature for 40 min in the presence of 0.4 g mL-1 NaCl in the sample solution. Calibration was linear up to 30 mg L-1. Correlation coefficients were 0.996 - 0.998. Enrichment factors were 21, 95 and 154, and detection limits were 0.20, 0.03 and 0.01 μg mL-1 for methylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben, respectively. Reproducibility was acceptable with relative standard deviations up to 11.7%. The technique was tested for water and urine analysis

Naujas kietafazės mikroekstrakcijos strypelis riebalų rūgštims nustatyti

A novel solid phase microextraction fibre consisting of a sorbent Xiks-1 fixed on a stainless steel support is presented for the extraction of fatty acid derivatives. The sorbent is incorporated into a slot. The sorbent particles do not contact with the outer needle and thus the mechanical damage of the coating is avoided. Fatty acids were derivatized using ethyl chloroformate. The effects of extraction and desorption parameters including the extraction and desorption time, desorption temperature and ionic strength on the extraction/desorption efficiency have been studied. The calibration graphs were linear in the concentration range up to 5´10–4 mol L–1 (R2 > 0.996). The detection limits were 1.1´10–7 mol L–1 for palmitic acid, 1´10–7 mol L–1 for stearic acid and 1´10–6 mol L–1 for azelaic acid. Repeatabilities of the results were up to 15%. A possibility to apply the proposed method for the identification of oil binders was demonstrated

Genome mining and characterization of biosynthetic gene clusters in two cave strains of Paenibacillus sp.

The genome sequencing and mining of microorganisms from unexplored and extreme environments has become important in the process of identifying novel biosynthetic pathways. In the present study, the biosynthetic potential of Paenibacillus sp. strains 23TSA30-6 and 28ISP30-2 was investigated. Both strains were isolated from the deep oligotrophic Krubera-Voronja Cave and were found to be highly active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Genome mining revealed a high number of biosynthetic gene clusters in the cave strains: 21 for strain 23TSA30-6 and 19 for strain 28ISP30-2. Single clusters encoding the biosynthesis of phosphonate, terpene, and siderophore, as well as a single trans-AT polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase, were identified in both genomes. The most numerous clusters were assigned to the biosynthetic pathways of nonribosomal peptides and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. Although four nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters were predicted to be involved in the biosynthesis of known compounds (fusaricidin, polymyxin B, colistin A, and tridecaptin) of the genus Paenibacillus, discrepancies in the structural organization of the clusters, as well as in the substrate specificity of some adenylation domains, were detected between the reference pathways and the clusters in our study. Among the clusters involved in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized peptides, only one was predicted to be involved in the biosynthesis of a known compound: paenicidin B. Most biosynthetic gene clusters in the genomes of the cave strains showed a low similarity with the reference pathways and were predicted to represent novel biosynthetic pathways. In addition, the cave strains differed in their potential to encode the biosynthesis of a few unique, previously unknown compounds (class II lanthipeptides and three nonribosomal peptides). The phenotypic characterization of proteinaceous and volatile compounds produced by strains 23TSA30-6 and 28ISP30-2 was also performed, and the results were compared with those of genome mining