A new method to force-feed and rear adult newts on board a space station

We developed a force-feed method for the adults of the newt, Pleuradeles waltl (urodele amphibian) under microgravity conditions on board the Mir space station, because the animals cannot take food themselves under such conditions. A cosmonaut introduced a catheter through the mouth into the stomach. The catheter was connected to a syringe containing food and allowed him to dose the quantity of injected food. The selected food was a complete diet for dogs and cats called “Prescription diet Canine/Feline a/d" made in USA and produced by the Hill‘s Pet Nutrition SNC (Sofia-Antipolis, France). It was diluted, sterilized and conserved on board the Mir station at ambient temperature (20-30 C). The protocol of force-feeding was successfully performed on board the space station during five months. After the space mission, two females were in good health status. They laid fertilized eggs in flight and again in the ground laboratory after the landing. According to the results obtained with Pleurodeles females. such food could be used in future long space flights

Suspicion d'intoxications des bovins laitiers par le mélange chlore-lisier (étude préliminaire)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

UTILISATION DES PLEURODELES EN MICROPESANTEUR : MISE AU POINT D'UNE TECHNIQUE D'ANESTHESIE ET D'ALIMENTATION

La mission spatiale PERSEUS se déroula sur la station MIR en 1999 et dura six mois. Pour préparer cette mission, il fut essentiel de résoudre les problèmes liés à l'alimentation et à l'anesthésie des amphibiens (plus exactement des pleurodèles : Pleurodeles waltl) utilisés lors des expérimentations réalisées en micropesenteur. Une technique de gavage et un protocole anesthésique, compatibles avec la vie en micropesanteur, furent donc mis au point. Ceci est l'objet des travaux présentés dans cette thèse, qui permirent l'envoi de huit animaux en micropesenteur pour une mission de longue durée. Les pleurodèles furent nourris à l'aide d'une préparation à base d'un aliment complet pour chiens et chats. Par contre, le protocole anesthésique, testé en laboratoire, ne put se vérifier en vol. Seulement deux femelles pleurodèles survécurent à la mission. Les autres animaux périrent probablement d'asphyxie.MAISONS-ALFORT-Ecole Vétérin (940462302) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding: A Multicenter Study in France

International audienceGingival bleeding (GB) is a common sign of gingival inflammation which indicates the presence of periodontal diseases. This cross-sectional multicenter survey aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported gingival bleeding (SRGB) in French adults and identify the main associated factors. A questionnaire-based interview was randomly proposed to 794 individuals in four French cities (Nancy, Montpellier, Paris, and Rennes). Subjects were recruited in preventive medicine centers (50%), railway stations, and malls (50%). The questionnaire comprised 25 items: SRGB characteristics, socioeconomic variables, oral hygiene habits, use of drugs, and anxiety level. The overall prevalence of SRGB was 63.2% [59.8%; 66.6%], with 58.7% bleeding after toothbrushing and 4.5% spontaneous bleeding. Males reported significantly lower SRGB prevalence than females (p = 0.04). The distribution of SRGB frequency was inversely proportional to age (p < 0.0001). No association between drug use and SRGB was found. The people interviewed in the preventive medicine centers reported the highest frequency of SRGB (p < 0.0001). In the multivariate logistic model, SRGB was significantly related to occupation, smoking status, brushing frequency, and anxiety level. In conclusion, SRGB was prevalent in more than half of the sample and was mainly associated with age, toothbrushing frequency, and anxiety level. Thus, providing information to patients about the importance of this oral manifestation may play an important role in preventing periodontal diseases

Perception of Gingival Bleeding by People and Healthcare Professionals: A Multicentre Study in an Adult French Population

International audienceGingival bleeding (GB) is a common sign of gingival inflammation, which indicates the presence of periodontal diseases. This study aimed to describe the perception of French adults about their self-reported GB and answers of healthcare professionals regarding the GB reported by these interviewees. A questionnaire administered by one investigator in each of three public settings of four cities in France from September 2016 to November 2017. Among 794 adults interviewed, 502 (63.2%) reported a GB. Among them, 414 (82.5%) believed that GB is benign, and 309 (61.6%) declared one or more responses. The three main responses were to use mouthwash (29.3%), to change to a soft-bristle toothbrush (20.1%) and to modify the brushing technique (19.3%). Almost half (49.0%) questioned at least one healthcare professional concerning their GB: a dentist (43.0%), a physician (14.1%), and a pharmacist (8.0%). The main response of each healthcare professional was: for dentists: a "prescription of mouthwash", for physicians to say "gingival bleeding is not serious"; and for pharmacists: "to sell a mouthwash". Most of the participants considered their GB as benign and had inappropriate responses, which indicates their lack of knowledge regarding periodontal health. The same conclusions can be drawn for healthcare professionals, as reported by interviewees

First in-situ use of a mobile CT-scan for museum artefacts: The quai Branly – Jacques Chirac museum experience

International audienceBackground: Radiology has many uses other than clinical diagnosis or surgical planning. In museum settings, the use of X-rays is frequent for objects submitted to structural analysis (in that case, they are temporarily moved to hospitals or research centers for this special exam). Purpose: For the first time, we wanted to test the feasibility of a CT-scan (computed tomography) in-situ, i.e. in an international museum setting, with the help of a mobile CT-scan device. Results: Here we present the results of our study carried out at the quai Branly – Jacques Chirac museum (Paris, France) carried out on nearly 150 extra-european artifacts. Our study shows not only the feasibility of such a large-scale non-invasive CT-scan examination in a museum, but also the growing need for such an examination that opens the way to a new disciplinary field for radiology: CT-scan will become almost indispensable and systematic in museum research centers