1,099 research outputs found
Bell's Theorem and Nonlinear Systems
For all Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-type experiments on deterministic systems the
Bell inequality holds, unless non-local interactions exist between certain
parts of the setup. Here we show that in nonlinear systems the Bell inequality
can be violated by non-local effects that are arbitrarily weak. Then we show
that the quantum result of the existing Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-type
experiments can be reproduced within deterministic models that include
arbitrarily weak non-local effects.Comment: Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters. 14 pages, no
figures. In the Appendix (not included in the EPL version) the author says
what he really thinks about the subjec
Using a gamified monitoring app to change adolescents' snack intake : the development of the REWARD app and evaluation design
Background: As the snacking pattern of European adolescents is of great concern, effective interventions are necessary. Till now health promotion efforts in children and adolescents have had only limited success in changing adolescents' eating patterns and anthropometrics. Therefore, the present study proposes an innovative approach to influence dietary behaviors in youth based on new insights on effective behavior change strategies and attractive intervention channels to engage adolescents. This article describes the rationale, the development, and evaluation design of the 'Snack Track School' app. The aim of the app is to improve the snacking patterns of Flemish 14- to 16-year olds.
Methods: The development of the app was informed by the systematic, stepwise, iterative, and collaborative principles of the Intervention Mapping protocol. A four week mHealth intervention was developed based on the dual-system model with behavioral change strategies targeting both the reflective (i.e., active learning, advance organizers, mere exposure, goal-setting, monitoring, and feedback) and automatic processes (i.e., rewards and positive reinforcement). This intervention will be evaluated via a controlled pre-post design in Flemish schools among 1400 adolescents.
Discussion: When this intervention including strategies focused on both the reflective and automatic pathway proves to be effective, it will offer a new scientifically-based vision, guidelines and practical tools for public health and health promotion (i.e., incorporation of learning theories in intervention programs)
Parasitic copepods from Egyptian Red Sea fishes: Bomolochidae Claus, 1875
© The Author(s) 2015
Open Access - This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The attached file is the published version of the article
Geodynamics of synconvergent extension and tectonic mode switching: Constraints from the Sevier-Laramide orogen
Many orogenic belts experience alternations in shortening and extension (tectonic mode switches) during continuous plate convergence. The geodynamics of such alternations are not well understood. We present a record of Late Cretaceous to Eocene alternations of shortening and extension from the interior of the retroarc Sevier-Laramide orogen of the western United States. We integrate new Lu-Hf garnet geochronometry with revised PT paths utilizing differential thermobarometry combined with isochemical G-minimization plots, and monazite Th-Pb inclusion geochronometry to produce a well-constrained âMâ shaped PTt path. Two burial events (86 and 65 Ma) are separated by âŒ3 kbar of decompression. The first burial episode is Late Cretaceous, records a 2 kbar pressure increase at âŒ515â550 °C and is dated by a Lu-Hf garnet isochron age of 85.5 ± 1.9 Ma (2Ï); the second burial episode records âŒ1 kbar of pressure increase at âŒ585â615 °C, and is dated by radially decreasing Th-Pb ages of monazite inclusions in garnet between âŒ65 and 45 Ma. We propose a synconvergent lithospheric delamination cycle, superimposed on a dynamic orogenic wedge, as a viable mechanism. Wedge tapers may evolve from critical to subcritical (amplification), to supercritical (separation), and back to subcritical (re-equilibration) owing to elevation changes resulting from isostatic adjustments during the amplification and separation of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, and post-separation thermal and rheological re-equilibration. For the Sevier-Laramide hinterland, the sequence of Late Cretaceous delamination, low-angle subduction, and slab rollback/foundering during continued plate convergence explains the burial-exhumation-burial-exhumation record and the âM-shapedâ PTt path
Electron and Hole Spin Splitting and Photogalvanic Effect in Quantum Wells
A theory of the circular photogalvanic effect caused by spin splitting in
quantum wells is developed. Direct interband transitions between the hole and
electron size-quantized subbands are considered. It is shown that the
photocurrent value and direction depend strongly on the form of the spin-orbit
interaction. The currents induced by structure-, bulk-, and interface-inversion
asymmetry are investigated. The photocurrent excitation spectra caused by spin
splittings in both conduction and valence bands are calculated.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Spin precession due to spin-orbit coupling in a two-dimensional electron gas with spin injection via ideal quantum point contact
We present the analytical result of the expectation value of spin resulting
from an injected spin polarized electron into a semi-infinitely extended 2DEG
plane with [001] growth geometry via ideal quantum point contact. Both the
Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings are taken into account. A pictorial
interpretation of the spin precession along certain transport directions is
given. The spin precession due to the Rashba term is found to be especially
interesting since it behaves simply like a windshield wiper which is very
different from the ordinary precession while that due to the Dresselhaus term
is shown to be crystallographic-direction-dependent. Some crystallographic
directions with interesting and handleable behavior of spin precession are
found and may imply certain applicability in spintronic devices.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Evaluating the potential of high pressure high temperature and thermal processing on volatile compounds, nutritional and structural properties of orange and yellow carrots
The present study compares the impact of thermal and high pressure high temperature(HPHT) processing on volatile profile (via a non-targeted headspace fingerprinting) and structural and nutritional quality parameter (via targeted approaches) of orange and yellow carrot purees. The effect of oil enrichment was also considered. Since oil enrichment affects compounds volatility, the effect of oil was not studied when comparing the volatile fraction. For the targeted part, as yellow carrot purees were shown to contain a very low amount of carotenoids, focus was given to orange carrot purees. The results of the non-targeted approach demonstrated HPHT processing exerts a distinct effect on the volatile fractions compared to thermal processing. In addition, different colored carrot varieties are characterized by distinct headspace fingerprints.
From a structural point of view, limited or no difference could be observed between orange carrot purees treated with HPHT or HT processes, both for samples without and with oil. From nutritional point of view, only in samples with oil, significant isomerisation of all-trans-ÎČ-carotene occurred due to both processing. Overall, for this type of product and for the selected conditions, HPHT processing seems to have a different impact on the volatile profile but rather similar impact on the structural and nutritional attributes compared to thermal processing
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