EBF recommendation on practical management of critical reagents for antidrug antibody ligand-binding assays

Immunogenicity assays are required to measure antidrug antibodies that are generated against biotherapeutic modalities. As for any ligand-binding assays, critical reagents (CR) play a crucial role in immunogenicity assays, as the robustness and reliability of an assay are defined by the quality and long-term availability of these reagents. The current regulatory guidelines do not provide clear directions on how to implement and verify lot-to-lot changes of CR during an assay life cycle, or the acceptance criteria that should be used when implementing new lots of CR. These aspects were extensively discussed within the European Bioanalysis Forum community. In this paper, CR for immunogenicity assays are identified and the minimum requirements for introducing new lots of CR in immunogenicity assays are described

EBF Recommendation for stability testing of anti-drug antibodies; lessons learned from anti-vaccine antibody stability studies.

Long- and short-term stability testing of the analyte is one of the key parameters in bioanalytical method validation in support of pharmacokinetics. However, for immunogenicity testing the scientific rationale for long- and short-term stability testing on quality control (QC) samples most often spiked with polyclonal antibody raised in a different species should be questioned. Therefore, the European Bioanalysis Forum (EBF) formed a Topic Team (TT) to discuss the scientific rationale for stability testing of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). A review of EBF member companies’ experience on ADA stability and data from vaccine projects was the basis of this discussion. EBF recommends to perform short-term stability testing but not to perform long-term stability testing of ADAs in non-clinical and clinical studies

EBF recommendation on practical management of critical reagents for PK ligand-binding assays

Critical reagents play a crucial role in ligand-binding assays; the robustness and reliability of an assay is defined by the quality and long-term availability of these reagents. However, neither regulatory guidelines nor relevant scientific papers provide clear directions for set-up, life cycle management and, more importantly, the acceptance criteria required for the testing of the critical reagents for pharmacokinetic, biomarker and immunogenicity assays. The ambiguity from current guidelines can be a challenge for the bioanalytical community. Members of the European Bioanalysis Forum community undertook a more pragmatic approach on how to assess the impact of critical reagents. In this paper, a review and corresponding gap analysis of the current guidelines and relevant papers will be provided as well as decision trees proposed for lot-to-lot changes of critical reagents for pharmacokinetic assays

A trisubstituted benzimidazole cell division inhibitor with efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Trisubstituted benzimidazoles have demonstrated potency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Previously, a library of novel trisubstituted benzimidazoles was constructed for high throughput screening, and compounds were identified that exhibited potency against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and clinical isolates, and were not toxic to Vero cells. A new series of 2-cyclohexyl-5-acylamino-6-N, N-dimethylaminobenzimidazoles derivatives has been developed based on SAR studies. Screening identified compounds with potency against M. tuberculosis. A lead compound from this series, SB-P17G-A20, was discovered to have an MIC of 0.16 µg/mL and demonstrated efficacy in the TB murine acute model of infection based on the reduction of bacterial load in the lungs and spleen by 1.73 ± 0.24 Log10 CFU and 2.68 ± Log10 CFU, respectively, when delivered at 50 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection (IP) twice daily (bid). The activity of SB-P17G-A20 was determined to be concentration dependent and to have excellent stability in mouse and human plasma, and liver microsomes. Together, these studies demonstrate that SB-P17G-A20 has potency against M. tuberculosis clinical strains with varying susceptibility and efficacy in animal models of infection, and that trisubstituted benzimidazoles continue to be a platform for the development of novel inhibitors with efficacy

Artificial intelligence: Deep learning in oncological radiomics and challenges of interpretability and data harmonization

International audienceOver the last decade there has been an extensive evolution in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) field. Modern radiation oncology is based on the exploitation of advanced computational methods aiming to personalization and high diagnostic and therapeutic precision. The quantity of the available imaging data and the increased developments of Machine Learning (ML), particularly Deep Learning (DL), triggered the research on uncovering "hidden" biomarkers and quantitative features from anatomical and functional medical images. Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have achieved outstanding performance and broad implementation in image processing tasks. Lately, DNNs have been considered for radiomics and their potentials for explainable AI (XAI) may help classification and prediction in clinical practice. However, most of them are using limited datasets and lack generalized applicability. In this study we review the basics of radiomics feature extraction, DNNs in image analysis, and major interpretability methods that help enable explainable AI. Furthermore, we discuss the crucial requirement of multicenter recruitment of large datasets, increasing the biomarkers variability, so as to establish the potential clinical value of radiomics and the development of robust explainable AI models

Plasma stability and liver microsome lability of SB-P17G-C2 and SB-P17G-A20.

<p>Plasma stability and liver microsome lability of SB-P17G-C2 and SB-P17G-A20.</p

Susceptibility of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> strains to SB-P17G-A20.

<p>Susceptibility of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> strains to SB-P17G-A20.</p

Structure of lead benzimidazoles.

<p>Structure of lead benzimidazoles.</p