On improved convergence conditions and bounds for Markov chains

Improved rates of convergence for ergodic Markov chains and relaxed conditions for them, as well as analogous convergence results for non-homogeneous Markov chains are studied. The setting from the previous works is extended. Examples are provided where the new bounds are better and where they give the same convergence rate as in the classical Markov -- Dobrushin inequality.Comment: 33 pages, 27 reference

Formal institutional environment influence on social entrepreneurship in developed countries

The existence of social entrepreneurs is beneficial for the establishment of a stable and just society dedicated to serving the needs of individuals and the creation of innovative market solutions. However, social entrepreneurs need an institutional environment of a proper quality to be able to function efficiently. On the one hand, the institutional environment should promote the development of social entrepreneurship, on the other, there is a need for designing direct-action social entrepreneurship institutions that would provide support and ensure the development of socially-oriented businesses, and promote grassroots initiatives in this sphere. Despite the fact that researchers are interested in this issue, there are very few quantitative studies assessing the impact of institutional environments for social entrepreneurs on a global scale. Furthermore, no attempts have been made to look at this phenomenon from an economic development standpoint, by assessing it in developed countries. The subject of the study is social entrepreneurship development and the role of formal institution environment on this process. In this study, the formal institutional environment of social entrepreneurship for developed countries will be investigated econ-ometrically. From this aspect, this study aimed to empirically evaluate whether regulative and normative institutions affect social entrepreneurship growth. As a result of the hypothesis testing, it is determined that a normative institutional environment such as investment freedom or economic growth have a positive influence on the development of social entrepreneurship in developed countries. These findings indicate that social entrepreneurship for its development needs fundamental economic changes and sustainable development. © 2018, Economic Laboratory for Transition Research. All rights reserved

Characteristics of a 1-year outpatient management of patients after myocardial infarction: data from a Russian multicenter study

Aim. To evaluate a 1-year outpatient management of patients after myocardial infarction (MI) aged <75 years according to a Russian multicenter study, as well as to assess compliance with recommendations on the frequency of visiting specialists and the performance of diagnostic examinations.Material and methods. This observational study includes a representative sample of MI patients admitted to 16 clinics in 13 Russian regions. Patients with MI who were alive the next day after hospitalization aged <75 years were included in the study according to a special randomization scheme. When writing this article, the data from questionnaires of 6 and 12 months after hospitalization were analyzed: the number of visits to doctors of various specialties, hospitalizations, the number of diagnostic procedures performed (electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography and surgical interventions (percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)). The study included a cohort of 723 patients who participated in the survey both 6 and 12 months after hospitalization (67% — patients discharged from the hospital), of which 562 (77,7%) were men and 161 (22,3%) — women. Statistical processing was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.25 software for Windows.Results. In the first 6 months after MI, 218 (38,8%) men and 62 (38,5%) women visited the cardiologist the recommended number of times. However, 151 (20,9%) people were not monitored by a cardiologist in the first six months. There was a significant increase in the number of people not observed during the second 6 months up to 209 (28,9%) people (p<0,01). Of the 689 interviewed patients, 210 (30,5%) people visited the therapist the recommended number of times in the first six months, while in the second 6 months — 402 (58,4%) patients. It is also reasonable to single out patients who were not monitored by either a cardiologist or a general practitioner into a separate group. In the first 6 months, the total number of unobserved patients was 68 (7,5%), while in the second six months this number increased to 189 (25,9%). The recommended number of ECGs (4 or more times) was performed in 316 (40,4%) patients, while ECG was not performed in 35 (4,5%) patients. Echocardiography 2 or more times was performed in 194 (25,4%) patients. The procedure was not performed in 167 (21,9%) patients. During the first 6 months, 170 (22%) people were hospitalized, while 156 (20,2%) — during the second half of the year. Angioplasty during the first 12 months after discharge from the hospital was performed in 183 (23,1%) patients, CABG — in 41 (5,2%) patients without age and sex differences.Conclusion. Outpatient management of patients aged <75 years 12 months after MI characterized by low compliance with recommendations on the number of cardiologist consultations and diagnostic procedures, which may adversely affect adherence to the recommended drug treatment and lead to a worse prognosis

Lüders deformation in specimens made of normalized 09G2S steel

The features of Lüders deformation in the normalized 09G2S steel are studied by the methods of digital image correlation, topography, and scanning electron microscopy of specimen faces. The paper studies the appearance, growth, structure, and location of deformation bands, as well as plastic strain in them. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: AAAA-A18-118020190116-6The study was performed at the IMP UB RAS under a state assignment from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia (theme Structure, No. AAAA-A18-118020190116-6) and within the research plan of the IES U

Электрохимическое осаждение сплава Au-Sn из этиленгликолевых электролитов

Stable ethylene glycol and aqua-ethylene glycol electrolytes on the base of K[Au(CN)2] and SnCl4 for the electrochemical deposition of Au-Sn alloy with metals ratio and phase composition appropriated to the low-melt eutectic (Au - 70 at.%, Sn -30 at.%, Au5Sn, AuSn) have been elaborated. The role of electrolytes components in the redox processes proceeding on the cathode and anode and their on the rate of deposition and Au : Sn ratio in the alloy have been developed. Composition and structure of Au-Sn alloy coatings have been investigated.Разработаны стабильные этиленгликолевый и водно-этиленгликолевый электролиты на основе K[Au(CN)4] и SnCl4 • 5H2O, обеспечивающие электрохимическое осаждение сплава Au-Sn с соотношением металлов и фазовым составом, соответствующими легкоплавкой эвтектике в системе золото - олово (Au 70%; Sn 30%, Au5Sn, AuSn). Выяснено влияние компонентов электролита на закономерности протекания окислительно-восстановительных процессов на электродах, скорость роста покрытий, их состав и микроструктуру

On partial derivatives of multivariate Bernstein polynomials

It is shown that Bernstein polynomials for a multivariate function converge to this function along with partial derivatives provided that the latter derivatives exist and are continuous. This result may be useful in some issues of stochastic calculus

Электрохимическое осаждение сплава Au-Sn из этиленгликолевых электролитов

Stable ethylene glycol and aqua-ethylene glycol electrolytes on the base of K[Au(CN)2] and SnCl4 for the electrochemical deposition of Au-Sn alloy with metals ratio and phase composition appropriated to the low-melt eutectic (Au - 70 at.%, Sn -30 at.%, Au5Sn, AuSn) have been elaborated. The role of electrolytes components in the redox processes proceeding on the cathode and anode and their on the rate of deposition and Au : Sn ratio in the alloy have been developed. Composition and structure of Au-Sn alloy coatings have been investigated.Разработаны стабильные этиленгликолевый и водно-этиленгликолевый электролиты на основе K[Au(CN)4] и SnCl4 • 5H2O, обеспечивающие электрохимическое осаждение сплава Au-Sn с соотношением металлов и фазовым составом, соответствующими легкоплавкой эвтектике в системе золото - олово (Au 70%; Sn 30%, Au5Sn, AuSn). Выяснено влияние компонентов электролита на закономерности протекания окислительно-восстановительных процессов на электродах, скорость роста покрытий, их состав и микроструктуру

Вакцинация против новой коронавирусной инфекции пациентов с отягощенным сердечно-сосудистым и аутоиммунным анамнезом

The review article is devoted to a discussion of the issues of vaccination against a new coronavirus infection in patients with cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Presented at the time of this writing are data on domestic vaccines safety in the Russian Federation: combined vector vaccines “Gam-COVID-Vac” and “Gam-COVID-Vac-Lyo”, peptide-based vaccine “EpiVacCorona”, concentrated, purified and inactivated whole-virion “KoviVac” vaccine, and a standalone vaccine/booster shot “Sputnik Light”. The analysis of the main contraindication applicable to the vaccines in different categories of patients has been carried out. A number of consensus documents published by Russian and foreign professional medical associations and communities on the issues of vaccination of patients with cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases are considered in detail.Обзорная статья посвящена обсуждению вопросов вакцинопрофилактики новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми и аутоиммунными заболеваниями. Представлены актуальные на момент написания статьи данные по вопросам безопасности зарегистрированных в Российской Федерации отечественных вакцин: комбинированных векторных вакцин «Гам-КОВИД-Вак» и «Гам-КОВИД-Вак-Лио», вакцины на основе пептидных антигенов «ЭпиВакКорона», вакцины коронавирусной инактивированной цельновирионной концентрированной очищенной «КовиВак» и вакцины для профилактики COVID-19 «Спутник Лайт». Проведен анализ основных ограничений к вакцинации данными препаратами у различных категорий больных. Подробно рассмотрен ряд консенсусных документов, опубликованных российскими и зарубежными профессиональными медицинскими ассоциациями и сообществами, по вопросам вакцинации пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми и аутоиммунными заболеваниями

On improved bounds and conditions for the convergence of Markov chains

We continue the work of improving the rate of convergence of ergodic homogeneous Markov chains. The setting is more general than in previous papers: we are able to get rid of the assumption about a common dominating measure and consider the case of inhomogeneous Markov chains as well as more general state spaces. We give examples where the new bound for the rate of convergence is the same as (resp. better than) the classical Markov–Dobrushin inequality