Scheduling M2M traffic over LTE uplink of a dense small cell network

We present an approach to schedule Long Term Evolution (LTE) uplink (UL) Machine-to-Machine (M2M) traffic in a densely deployed heterogeneous network, over the street lights of a big boulevard for smart city applications. The small cells operate with frequency reuse 1, and inter-cell interference (ICI) is a critical issue to manage. We consider a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) compliant scenario, where single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is selected as the multiple access scheme, which requires that all resource blocks (RBs) allocated to a single user have to be contiguous in the frequency within each time slot. This adjacency constraint limits the flexibility of the frequency-domain packet scheduling (FDPS) and inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC), when trying to maximize the scheduling objectives, and this makes the problem NP-hard. We aim to solve a multi-objective optimization problem, to maximize the overall throughput, maximize the radio resource usage and minimize the ICI. This can be modelled through a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and solved through a heuristic implementable in the standards. We propose two models. The first one allocates resources based on the three optimization criteria, while the second model is more compact and is demonstrated through numerical evaluation in CPLEX, to be equivalent in the complexity, while it performs better and executes faster. We present simulation results in a 3GPP compliant network simulator, implementing the overall protocol stack, which support the effectiveness of our algorithm, for different M2M applications, with respect to the state-of-the-art approaches

Performance analysis of multi-hop framed ALOHA systems with virtual antenna arrays

We consider a multi-hop virtual multiple-input-multiple-output system, which uses the framed ALOHA technique to select the radio resource at each hop. In this scenario, the source, destination and relaying nodes cooperate with neighboring devices to exploit spatial diversity by means of the concept of virtual antenna array. We investigate both the optimum number of slots per frame in the slotted structure and once the source-destination distance is fixed, the impact of the number of hops on the system performance. A comparison with deterministic, centralized re-use strategies is also presented. Outage probability, average throughput, and energy efficiency are the metrics used to evaluate the performance. Two approximated mathematical expressions are given for the outage probability, which represent lower bounds for the exact metric derived in the paper

Futurismo, cultura e politica

Nell’ambito della mostra “Futurismo e Futurismi”, curata da Palazzo Grassi a Venezia nel 1986, la Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli organizzò a Venezia, il 15 e 16 maggio 1986, il convegno “Futurismo, Cultura e Politica”, volto ad esplorare la dimensione politica e meta-politica del movimento e della cultura futurista, in Italia ed all’estero. Il volume raccoglie i saggi nati dalle relazioni presentate in quella occasione.- Indice #5- Introduzione di Renzo De Felice #9- Parte Prima. Gli aspetti generali del rapporto tra futurismo, cultura e politica #13- Futurismo e culture politiche in Europa: una prospettiva globale, George L. Mosse #15- Il ruolo di Marinetti nella costruzione del futurismo, Luciano De Maria #35- Il futurismo nel dibattito intellettuale italiano dalle origini al 1920, Alberto Asor Rosa #51- Futurismo e sinistra politica, Umberto Carpi #69- Macchine e rarimerletti. Alcune fonti del futurismo nell’ideologia e nella letteratura, Roberto Tessari #81- Parte Seconda. L’esperienza politica del futurismo italiano #105- II futurismo e la politica. Dal nazionalismo modernista al fascismo (1909-1920), Emilio Gentile #107- Futurismo e fascismo, Niccolò Zapponi #163- Settimelli e Carli dal futurismo al fascismo, Paolo Buchignani #179- Bottai: da intellettuale futurista a leader fascista, Giordano Bruno Guerri #223- La politica culturale del fascismo, le avanguardie e il problema del futurismo, Enrico Crispolti #249- Parte Terza. Futurismo, cultura e politica fuori d’Italia #287- Futurismo e culture politiche in Francia, Pasquale A. Jannini #289- Futurismo e rivoluzione conservatrice in Germania, Ferruccio Masini #307- Il futurismo italiano e l’avanguardia ungherese, Gianpiero Cavaglià #323- I contatti politico-culturali tra futuristi italiani e Russia, Cesare G. De Michelis #355- Il secondo futurismo russo: la dimensione politica, Halina Stephan #385- Futurismo, ultraismo e culture politiche nell’area ispanica, Jaime Brihuega #411- Futurismo, vorticismo e “mondomoderno”, William C. Wees #443- Interventi #459- Arti liberali e diritto dell’individuo in F. T. Marinetti, Leonardo Clerici #461- Futurismo e dibattito politico, Emilio R. Papa #483- Spettacolo politico e “18 BL”, Marco Verdone #48

Unmanned aerial base stations for NB-IoT:trajectory design and performance analysis

Abstract In this paper, we consider a NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network where an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is employed to gather data from IoT devices deployed in a given area. It is well known that UAVs may fly over the terrestrial plane, where and when needed, acting as Unmanned Aerial Base Stations (UABs). In order to serve as many ground IoT devices as possible, a proper trajectory design is fundamental. As we show in the paper, the optimization of the UAV speed and the radio parameters are also essential. Specifically, this paper studies a cluster-based scenario, where IoT devices are deployed according to a Thomas process, and applies a Traveling Salesman Problem approach to design the UAB trajectory. Notably, our model considers the protocol constraints on the number of resource units available on the UAB’s NPUSCH, and the data rate that it can provide to IoT devices. Our results reveal the impact of different design parameters, such as UAB speed and NPRACH periodicity on the network throughput and the number of requests served