Efeito da adubação suplementar foliar associada a diferentes substratos em mudas de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão/ Effect of foliar supplementary fodder associated with different substrates in mudas of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão

A Produção de mudas de espécies florestais nativas em viveiro visa atender aos plantios, principalmente para recuperação de áreas degradadas ou plantios de enriquecimento, sendo necessário aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre a produção de mudas de espécies nativas. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da fertilização do substrato e da suplementação nutricional via foliar sobre o crescimento e qualidade de mudas Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial, com dez repetições. Foram testados três tipos de substratos (Terra (Latossolo vermelho); Terra + Esterco bovino na proporção 2:1; Terra + Esterco bovino na proporção 2:1 + 2,2 Kg de NPK (10-10-10) + 1,3 kg de calcário por metro cúbico de substrato), associados a três níveis de adubação foliar (NPK aplicado semanalmente, trimestralmente e testemunha). As variáveis mensuradas foram altura de parte aérea, diâmetro do coleto, quantidade de folíolo e quociente de robustez, aplicando o teste de Scott Knott (p<0,05). Recomenda-se a utilização do substrato Terra+Esterco na produção de mudas de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão, não sendo recomendado a adubação foliar até os 120 dias de avaliação

NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH MISSED AND THREATENED ABORTION: RESULTS OF A PILOT STUDY

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Adjuvant L-arginine treatment in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation: a double-blind, randomized study.

Enhanced vascularization appears to be important for follicular selection and maturation in both spontaneous and stimulated IVF cycles. Nitric oxide, formed in vivo from L-arginine, may play a key role in follicular maturation and ovulation.To evaluate the role of L-arginine supplementation in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, 37 IVF patients were divided into two groups according to ovarian stimulation protocols: group I, GnRH agonist plus pure (p)FSH plus oral L-arginine (n = 18); and group II, GnRH agonist plus pFSH plus placebo (n = 19). Hormonal, ultrasonographic and Doppler evaluations were performed, and plasma and follicular fluid nitrite/nitrate concentrations were monitored.Thirty-two patients completed the study. In group I (n = 16), plasma L-arginine concentrations increased from (basal) 87 +/- 12 micromol to 279 +/- 31 micromol (P = 0.002) on the day of beta-HCG administration. In this group, pFSH treatment was shorter (P = 0.039) than in group II (n = 16). The number of the follicles > or =17mm was lower (P = 0.038) in group I than group II. The "good quality" embryos were fewer in number (P = 0.034) and pregnancy rate, both per patient (P = 0.024) and per embryo transfer (P = 0.019), was lower in group I. In the L-arginine group, an increased follicular fluid concentration of nitrite/nitrate was observed. On day 8 of the cycle, elevated plasma estradiol levels were associated with decreased blood flow resistances of perifollicular arteries. Follicular fluid concentrations of nitrite/nitrate were inversely correlated with embryo quality (r = -0.613; P = 0.005) and perifollicular artery pulsatility index (r = -0.609; P = 0.021).L-Arginine supplementation may be detrimental to embryo quality and pregnancy rate during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles

Changes in luteinizing hormone secretion after estradiol treatment in prepubertal Nelore heifers

Changes in luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion after 17 beta-estradiol (E-2) injection were evaluated during sexual maturation in 10 prepubertal Nelore heifers. Heifers were divided into 2 groups: intact (I) and ovariectomized (OVX). 17 beta-estradiol (2 mu g/kg) was administered to both groups at 10, 13, and 17 mo of age. Only at 10 mo of age was there a greater mean LH concentration in OVX heifers (1.33 +/- 0.29 ng/mL) compared with the I group (0.57 +/- 0.15 ng/mL). At 13 and 17 mo of age there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in any of the evaluated variables (number of peaks, total peak area, greatest peak area, and time to greatest peak occurrence). This suggests a decrease in negative E-2 feedback associated with an increase in positive feedback to LH secretion during sexual maturation, and these were likely the key factors that determined the time of first ovulation in Nelore heifers.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on human ovarian tissue preservation undergoing cryopreservation procedure

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), added in freezing/thawing solutions, on reactive oxygen species (RRS) levels and on ovarian tissue preservation after cryopreservation. Ovarian samples from 10 subjects suffering from cancer diseases were cryopreserved using the slow freezing/rapid thawing standard protocol without or with NAC supplementation. RRS levels produced during cryopreservation were monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The preservation of fresh ovarian tissue (t0), thawed tissue (t1 and t1 NAC) and thawed tissue maintained at 4°C for 2 hrs (t2 and t2 NAC) was analysed by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Ki67 immunohistochemical and TUNEL analysis. It was possible to design a maximum peak for RRS production at t1, which slightly decreased at t2. NAC reduced the extent of RRS levels in cryopreserved ovarian tissues if compared with non-supplemented ones, although not restoring RRS production to baseline values. Comparative analysis between the two cryopreservation protocols showed that a better preservation of morphological characteristics, proliferation index and DNA integrity of ovarian tissue was obtained using NAC and no differences between t1NAC and t2NAC were observed. The employment of NAC during cryopreservation procedure could be anuseful strategy for preserving the function of endogenous cellular systems. Nevertheless, further studies on the viability of thawed ovarian tissue are needed to support the feasibility of this approach in clinical settings

Correlações entre padrões hematológicos, parasitológicos e desempenho animal de ovelhas suplementadas com gordura protegida

The development of populations of gastrointestinal parasites resistant to antihelmintics has led to seeks new alternatives its control. Stimulation of natural immunity by means of animal nutrition has shown promising results in controlling nematodes in sheep. The addition of protected fat sources, containing essential fatty acids, may be an alternative due to many effects, among them, regulation of immunity expression and regulation of the inflammatory response by immune effectors. The aim of this study was to estimate correlations between haematological and parasitological patterns, animal performance through weight and body condition, under the influence of protected fat in ewes. Fifty Santa Ines sheep, in the final third of pregnancy or postpartum, in paddocks of Panicum maximum, received, individually, 200 g per day of concentrate, isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, with or without the addition of protected fat. In general, except for total leukocytes and eosinophils, almost all of Pearson correlation coefficients of other variables were significant. However, the protected fat, in the amount offered, had no antihelmintic effect.O desenvolvimento de populações de parasitas gastrintestinais resistentes aos antihelmínticos, tem como conseqüência a realização de pesquisas que identifiquem novas alternativas de controle. A estimulação da imunidade natural em ovinos, por meios nutricionais tem mostrado resultados bastante promissores no controle dos nematoides em ovinos. A adição de fontes de gordura protegida, contendo ácidos graxos essenciais, pode ser uma alternativa, por seus muitos efeitos, entre eles, a regulação da expressão da imunidade e regulação da resposta inflamatória pelos imuno-efetores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estimar as correlações entre padrões hematológicos, parasitológicos e o desempenho animal através do peso e condição corporal de ovelhas, sob a influência da gordura protegida em ovelhas. Cinquenta ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, no terço final de gestação ou no periparto, em piquetes de Panicum maximum, receberam, individualmente, 200 g por dia de concentrado, com dietas isoproteicas e isoenergéticas, com ou sem adição de gordura protegida. De modo geral, com exceção dos leucócitos totais e eosinófilos, quase todos os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson das outras variáveis foram significativos. No entanto, a gordura protegida, na quantidade oferecida, não teve efeito anti-helmíntico

Clinical and parasitological evaluation of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi submitted to treatment with meglumine antimoniate

Aiming to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis, to verify the occurrence of a possible disease relapse, and to search for the presence of the parasites after the end of the treatment, seven dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi were used. The dogs were subjected to a treatment with 75 mg/kg meglumine antimoniate subcutaneously every 12 h for 21 days, and followed-up for a period of 6 months. During the whole experimental period the animals wore deltamethrin collars and were kept in a screened kennel to avoid reinfection. Lymph node and bone marrow aspiration biopsy was carried out to search for the parasite at seven moments: before the treatment, 30, 60, 90, 120 150 and 180 days after the start of the treatment. After the end of the experiment all dogs were humanely euthanized. Then, spleen and liver imprints and ill vitro cultures were carried out to search for amastigote forms of the parasite. During the treatment all animals presented remission of symptoms. However, two dogs were observed to present new symptoms in the course of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the presence of amastigote forms of the parasite was evidenced in five of the seven dogs. This enabled us to conclude that the treatment promoted clinical cure but did not eliminate the parasites completely. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Evaluation of cytologic and biochemical variables in blood, plasma, and peritoneal fluid from calves before and after umbilical herniorrhaphy

Objective-To establish reference intervals for cytologic and biochemical variables in peritoneal fluid, whole blood, and plasma in calves with congenital umbilical hernias (CUHs) before and after herniorrhaphy and to assess whether those variables in calves with CUHs were altered, compared with findings in clinically normal calves.Animals-20 Holstein calves with or without a CUH.Procedures-10 calves with CUHs underwent herniorrhaphy. Blood and peritoneal fluid samples from all 20 calves were collected for cytologic and biochemical analyses on days 0 (before surgery), 1, 3, 5, 7, and 15. Data from the 2 groups were compared.Results-Reference intervals for the variables of interest were established for each group, Before surgery, calves with CUHs had significantly greater plasma total protein concentration and creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase activities and peritoneal fluid specific gravity values, compared with values for calves without CUHs. At various time points after surgery, peritoneal fluid total protein concentration; fibrinogen concentration; nucleated cell, polymorphonuclear cell, and lymphocyte counts; specific gravity; and lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and CK activities in calves with CUHs were significantly different from values in calves without CUHs. Some plasma and blood variables leg, total protein concentration, neutrophil count, and CK activity were significantly different between the 2 groups.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Values of certain cytologic and biochemical variables in peritoneal fluid, blood, and plasma were different between calves with and without CUHs. Thus, determination of reference intervals for these variables is important for interpreting diagnostic test results in calves with CUHs. (Am J Vet Res 2009;70:423-432

Ocorrência de Leishmania spp. em felinos do município de Araçatuba, SP Occurrence de Leishmania spp. in domestic cats from Araçatuba, SP

Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a ocorrência de Leishmania spp. em gatos por dois métodos (citológico e sorológico), bem como associar a ocorrência deste protozoário com as variáveis sexo, idade e raça. Amostras séricas de 283 felinos domésticos foram testadas pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI), e o exame parasitológico direto de linfonodos também foi realizado para a verificação da positividade para Leishmania spp. Ocorrência de 0,7% (2/283) foi observada nos felinos examinados, por meio de imprint de linfonodos e nenhum animal apresentou títulos de anticorpos para Leishmania spp. As duas fêmeas positivas eram sem raça definida, sendo uma jovem e outra adulta. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, não foi constatada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação às variáveis sexo, raça e idade nos gatos desta pesquisa (p > 0,05). Ocorrência de Leishmania spp. nos gatos deste estudo foi baixa. Devido a esta baixa incidência sugere-se que estes não assumem importância epidemiológica na área do estudo.<br>This study had the purpose to compare the occurrence of Leishmania spp. in felines through two methods (cytological and serological), as well as to associate the occurrence of this protozoan with the sex, age and breed variables. Serum samples from 283 domestic felines were processed by means of Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction (IIR), and the direct parasitological test for linfonodes was also carried out in order to verify positivity for Leishmania spp. Occurrence of 0.7% (2/283) was observed in the tested felines by means of linfonode imprinting and no animal showed title of antibodies for Leishmania spp. The two positive females were mongrel, a young female and an adult female feline. From the obtained results, no statistically significant difference was observed as regards the sex, breed and age variables in this research (p > 0.05). Occurrence of Leishmania spp. in the cats of this study was low. Such low incidence suggests that these hosts has no epidemiological relevance in the study area

Ocorrência de Leishmania spp. em felinos do município de Araçatuba, SP

Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a ocorrência de Leishmania spp. em gatos por dois métodos (citológico e sorológico), bem como associar a ocorrência deste protozoário com as variáveis sexo, idade e raça. Amostras séricas de 283 felinos domésticos foram testadas pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI), e o exame parasitológico direto de linfonodos também foi realizado para a verificação da positividade para Leishmania spp. Ocorrência de 0,7% (2/283) foi observada nos felinos examinados, por meio de imprint de linfonodos e nenhum animal apresentou títulos de anticorpos para Leishmania spp. As duas fêmeas positivas eram sem raça definida, sendo uma jovem e outra adulta. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, não foi constatada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação às variáveis sexo, raça e idade nos gatos desta pesquisa (p > 0,05). Ocorrência de Leishmania spp. nos gatos deste estudo foi baixa. Devido a esta baixa incidência sugere-se que estes não assumem importância epidemiológica na área do estudo.This study had the purpose to compare the occurrence of Leishmania spp. in felines through two methods (cytological and serological), as well as to associate the occurrence of this protozoan with the sex, age and breed variables. Serum samples from 283 domestic felines were processed by means of Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction (IIR), and the direct parasitological test for linfonodes was also carried out in order to verify positivity for Leishmania spp. Occurrence of 0.7% (2/283) was observed in the tested felines by means of linfonode imprinting and no animal showed title of antibodies for Leishmania spp. The two positive females were mongrel, a young female and an adult female feline. From the obtained results, no statistically significant difference was observed as regards the sex, breed and age variables in this research (p > 0.05). Occurrence of Leishmania spp. in the cats of this study was low. Such low incidence suggests that these hosts has no epidemiological relevance in the study area