O Exército Português e o apoio Britânico na Guerra Peninsular

Face às dificuldades que a Inglaterra atravessava em 1807, Napoleão acreditava que poderia desferir um golpe fatal no seu inimigo com uma vitória fácil e rápida sobre um alvo indirecto, além de que após o sucesso de Tilsit, necessitava de mais glórias militares para preservar o seu poder em França. Assim decide-se por atacar o elo mais fraco face ao Atlântico, pois o controle continental estava, aparentemente, assegurado. Após as conversações de Tilsit, era premente atingir a Inglaterra, mesmo que de forma indirecta e para isso escolheu-se Portugal

Os Uniformes Militares Portugueses na Regeneração 1851-1892

historiografia militar em Portugal careceu durante muitos anos da abordagem científica das características que envolvem o complexo mundo dos uniformes militares. Estes passam para além da simples análise da forma, da cor e da simbologia, entram indubitavelmente na área das ciências sociais, no momento em que se começa a abordar a relação dinâmica homem/uniforme/arma

An industrial heritage Site – S. Pedro da Cova mining complex 1795-1973

As Joel Cleto and Suzana Faro (2000) states, the mines of S. Pedro da Cova had its origin with the discovery of the anthracite coal diggings in 1795, changing this place habits until 1970. These mines don’t produce over forty years, but the memories of the working time are still present in that village of the city of Gondomar. In this context, and according to the same authors, two privileged places appeared on the defence of the industrial and mining memories of this global heritage: “Cavalete” and “Casa da Malta” (nowadays transformed into “Museu Mineiro”) (Cleto and Faro, 2000: 20). Due to the rapid degradation of this mining complex and the lack of political and sustainable solutions, which could start by an understanding between institutions, this paper intends to promote an international discussion, in order to find paths to restore and value such important Industrial Heritage Place and considering the case study from the mining complexes of Lumere, Asturias, Spain

Espingardas e espingardeiros alemães nos Arsenais Reais nacionais – 1806/1814

A actividade do Arsenal Real do Exército durante os anos de 1807 a 1814 foi, apesar da breve interrupção imposta por Junot em 1807, intensa e não isenta de grandes problemas em termos de produção, face ao seu atraso tecnológico e à necessidade constante de se racionalizar e gerir um dos maiores contingentes de trabalhadores do país, mas que em muitos casos já tinham uma avançada idade. O Arsenal Real do Exército teria, certamente, a capacidade de assegurar a logística e manutenção do material de guerra do Exército Português em tempo de paz, mas toda a documentação levantada e analisada neste trabalho apontou para uma necessidade permanente de importar o que de mais importante havia para a capacidade operacional das tropas, sobretudo a Infantari

O Arsenal Real do Exército do Porto 1802/1812

A Carta Régia de 12 de Julho de 1802, que estabelecia a formação de um designado Arsenal de Artilharia e Depósito de Armas e Munições de Guerra na cidade do Porto, tinha como principal objectivo facilitar o apoio logístico às Praças de guerra das Províncias do Norte: Trás-os-Montes, Minho e Beira. Nesse contexto foram dadas instruções à Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios Estrangeiros e da Guerra para proceder a uma inspecção ao Trem já existente no Porto, que pela sua localização e pela natureza do edifício, teria capacidade para lá se concentrarem artilharia, armas e munições para abastecimento das Praças de guerra das Províncias do Norte e das unidades presentes nas províncias militares do Norte de Portugal. Assim, foi ordenado que se concentrassem nas instalações do Arsenal os materiais de outros depósitos e que se adoptasse uma estrutura semelhante ao Real Arsenal do Exército em Lisboa. Neste processo dever-se-ia proceder a um inventário rigoroso dos materiais existentes nas instalações do Porto e nos depósitos dependente

Os uniformes do Exército Português na transição da monarquia para a república

Conforme afirma Luís Salgado de Matos, a implantação da República foi precursora de um utópico programa de modernização militar, ambicioso se considerado em grande escala, mas que na prática e em muitos aspectos não mais fez do que seguir anteriores projectos do final da monarquia, nomeadamente do reinado de D. Carlos. A nível tecnológico a modernização já havia arrancado em 1904-1906 com a aquisição de novos armamentos para o Exército e relegando os materiais obsoletos para as reservas e para as tropas nativas do Império, como já era tradicional. Em termos uniformológicos pouco se havia alterado com o último grande plano de uniformes de 1892 e subsequentes alterações de 1894 e 1898, a não ser a substituição dos têxteis azuis ferretes e do linho branco como tecidos de campanha pelo cotim de algodão cinzento claro, em 1904. Mais do que rupturas, permaneceram continuidades após 1910

The skills of the wound navigator in the health care team

Background: Aging co-morbidities are the main reason for skin changes, requiring qualified professionals to assist the person with this problem [1,2]. In this sense, it emerges in the literature even the tenuous concept – wound navigator, which may enhance the approach to the person with wounds, often described as the tissue viability nurse. Objective: Define the wound navigator and identify his skills. Methods: Integrative literature review using electronic research (CINAHL®, Nursing & Allied Health Collection, Cochrane Plus Collection, MedicLatina, MEDLINE®) and manual research in 12 specialty associations in tissue viability, with the following descriptors (wound OR tissue viability OR ulcer) AND (nurs*) AND (care OR role OR skills OR patient care team OR navigator OR manager OR multidisciplinary OR interdisciplinary OR tissue viability service OR interven* OR pratic*). Inclusion criteria were articles in Portuguese, English, Spanish or French, without temporal limitation, full texts and free access. Exclusion criteria were articles that do not address the study phenomenon. The research was conducted on 08/25/2017, where we obtained 601 articles from the databases and 145 from associations. The titles and abstracts of the publications were read, followed by reading the full text of the selected publications. The sample was defined by 19 articles (15 from databases and 4 from associations). Results: Only one article defines wound navigator, as the health professional with knowledge in the specialty, who acts as a defender of the interests of the clients, which combines the needs felt by them; the objectives of the treatment and the health care treatment plan by referral [3]. It collects the results achieved from the practice and dissemination of research, in order to highlight their actions before the policy of health care [3]. The competences found in the remaining 18 articles were divided into 4 categories: quality (training, auditing, research and elaboration of norms and protocols) management (involvement in product choice, articulation with suppliers, promotion of change and ability to work in multi and interdisciplinary team), care (postgraduate knowledge, experience in the area of tissue viability, prescription of specialized care and treatments with advanced therapies) and leadership (communication, supervision and consulting). Conclusions: There is little literature that precisely defines the wound navigator and his skills, therefore more research is needed to describe in detail. When the term is defined and its competences are known, it may through them formally develop teams with nurses specialized in the area, holders of the general and specific attributes identified.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Critical patient’s comfort: strategies to reduce environmental noise levels

Background: Noise may have harmful effects. For critically ill patients, highlights have main consequences cardiovascular disorders, reduction of arterial oxygen saturation, increase in gastric secretion, stimulation of the pituitary gland, sleep disturbance, immunosuppression and reduction of the cicatrisation process [1]. Noise has an overall negative impact on patients’ recovery. Identification and dissemination of strategies to reduce environmental noise empowers nurses towards changes in their professional practice. Objective: Identify evidence in Literature of nursing care strategies to reduce environmental noise in critical patient care. Methods: This research was conducted in two phases. 1st Phase: Mediated by an integrative literature review (16/04/2017) we carried out data-base research through the Academic Search Complete; Complementary Index; CINAHL Plus with Full Text; Directory of Open Access Journals; Supplemental Index; Psychology and Behavioural; Sciences Collection; SPORTDiscus with Full Text; RCAAP; SciELO; Europeana; Business Source Complete; Education Source; IEEE Xplore Digital Library; MedicLatina; JSTOR Journals; PsycARTICLES; ScienceDirect. Descriptors: (TI (Noise*or sleep*) AND (Nurs*) AND (intervention or care or patient care or care plan* or critical care), non-temporal. Inclusion criteria: Primary, secondary, opinion/reflexion studies. Exclusion Criteria: Paediatrics context, REM, pharmacological intervention. From the initially 441 articles obtained, we excluded 391 by reading abstracts, 22 by summary and 15 by the complete text, concluding with 13 articles as final sample. 2nd Phase: Content analysis according to [2] in order to categorize results. Results: We have identified 6 feasible categories for environmental noise reduction, which we present as main strategies: Behavioural changes (creation of awareness to the importance of the tone of voice and silent handling of equipment and materials); Material and Equipment management (mobile phones, televisions and radios volume configuration; determination of correct parameters for alarm configuration); Management of silence promotion care (implementation of periods of silence, avoid noisy tasks); Training in environmental noise (behavioural change programs and health education about negative effects of noise); Care quality control (usage of ear plugs); Others (infrastructural adaptations, encourage suppliers to produce more silent products). Conclusions: This study systematizes strategies to be implemented by nursing professionals in order to reduce environmental noise within health structures and improve patient comfort. The implementation of a silence culture enables an adequate and essential physical environment to patient recovery [3]. Empower nurses with the identified strategies allows the improvement of people’s quality of life. The shortage of published research reflects the need of forward research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Performance-based selection of sustainable construction solutions for external walls

This research is focused on the integration of sustainability and functional performance in architecture. While having an important contribution in terms of environmental impact, construction solutions also play a significant role in the reduction of energy use during the use phase of buildings. Therefore a careful, although simple, analysis of construction solutions integrating environmental and functional performance is needed to support the decision process in architectural design. A simplified methodology, using an environmental indicator and an energy-related functional indicator is implemented to assess how a set of construction solutions for external walls would perform in face of different objectives. The environmental indicator is obtained through the aggregation of the individual normalized values for the embodied energy and the carbon footprint. The functional indicator characterizes the energy performance of the wall, by aggregating the individual normalized values of the heat transfer coefficient and the net superficial thermal mass. These indicators are then integrated in a final weighted index to allow for a straightforward, yet effective understanding of the environmental impact of functional construction solutions. The set of construction solutions comprises different materials for cavity as well as single walls that are common in the building construction sector: ceramic brick masonries, reinforced concrete, mortar render and plasterboard as internal coating, synthetic or natural materials applied in two thicknesses for thermal insulation. Different combinations of these materials form the set of 90 heavyweight external walls that were calculated. Results show that it is possible to select construction solutions with a good environmental and functional performance. There is however a conflict between the objectives of reducing embodied environmental impact and increasing thermal inertia. This later may be an important comfort factor in the cooling season in residential architecture. The proposed methodology can be a comprehensive support tool to architects at the moment of selecting construction solutions, so that the principles of a sustainable construction are increasingly becoming a reality in architectural design.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio