Neuro fuzzy control of the FES assisted freely swinging leg of paraplegic subjects

The authors designed a neuro fuzzy control strategy for control of cyclical leg movements of paraplegic subjects. The cyclical leg movements were specified by three `swing phase objectives', characteristic of natural human gait. The neuro fuzzy controller is a combination of a fuzzy logic controller and a neural network, which makes the controller self tuning and adaptive. Two experiments have been performed, in which the performance of the neuro fuzzy control strategy has been compared with conventional PID control strateg

Visual monitoring of water deficit stress using infra-red thermography in wheat

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Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula)

De angelloze bij Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) kiest haar nestplaats op de meest willekeurige plaatsen. Bijvoorbeeld, holtes in de grond, tuinmuren of verlaten mierennesten

Uruçu amerela (Melipona rufiventris)

Beschrijving en leefwijze van de Uruçu amerela (Melipona rufiventris), van het geslacht Melipona. De Melipona's zijn de grootste onder de angelloze bijen, maar verschillen onderling erg. De grotere worden in Brazilië Uruçu genoemd, de kleinere Jandaira

Magnetic Structure in Fe/Sm-Co Exchange Spring Bilayers with Intermixed Interfaces

The depth profile of the intrinsic magnetic properties in an Fe/Sm-Co bilayer fabricated under nearly optimal spring-magnet conditions was determined by complementary studies of polarized neutron reflectometry and micromagnetic simulations. We found that at the Fe/Sm-Co interface the magnetic properties change gradually at the length scale of 8 nm. In this intermixed interfacial region, the saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy are lower and the exchange stiffness is higher than values estimated from the model based on a mixture of Fe and Sm-Co phases. Therefore, the intermixed interface yields superior exchange coupling between the Fe and Sm-Co layers, but at the cost of average magnetization.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures and 1 tabl

Boca de Sapo (partamona helleri)

De volksnaam van deze Braziliaanse bij, Boca de Sapo, is zeer toepasselijk: kikkermond. Dit verwijst naar de grote nestopening bovenaan