1,216 research outputs found
Digital Image Analysis of Actinomycetes Colonies as a Potential Aid for Rapid Taxonomic Identification
High frequency isolation of actinomycetes poses a challenge for the taxonomists hence simple and rapid identification methods are required. Our work to catalogue biodiversity of actinomycetes of Goa yielded several distinct morphotypes. After their tentative identification, the feasibility to distinguish these using digital image analyses (DIA) was explored. Digital images of wild colony morphotypes were processed using public domain SCION image analysis software. DIA revealed some intricate digital characters. A combination of these with standard morphological and microscopic characters could be potentially useful for preparing a digital identification key of the actinomycetes strains with potential application in rapid taxonomic identification
Exploring hidden dimensions of soil fungal biodiversity: A simple technique to detect soil fungi resistant to antifungal compounds
Soils are known to be ultimate and complex reservoirs of microbial diversity. The complex dimensions of bacterial and fungal diversity in tropical soils and microbial community dynamics are underexplored. Isolation techniques aimed at Actinomycetes generally employ highly selective media, powerful antibiotics and antifungal compounds to suppress undesirable bacteria and fungi. However some soil fungi may show their resistance towards these antifungal compounds. During our work to explore soil actinomycetes diversity, slides coated with Arginine Vitamin agar (AVA) incorporating a cocktail of antibiotics and antifungal compounds such as Nystatin, Cycloheximide, Terbinafin, Griseofulvin, and Fluconazole were exposed to soil environment and were retrieved at intervals of 4, 7, 15 and 28 days for detail microscopic studies of surface colonies. Along with actinomycetes the presence of unidentified aseptate and septate fungi was revealed indicating their resistance to combination and concentration of antifungals. Heat treatment of the soil was found to cause considerable decrease in fungal contamination probably due to elimination of heat labile fungi. Our results have led us to develop a simple procedure to sample the interesting and industrially useful strains of soil fungi resistant to common antifungal compounds. Some fungal strains are reported resistant to certain antifungals with resulting therapeutic failures as use of these antifungals inevitably selects resistant fungi, thereby pressing the urge for continuing and cyclical need of new antifungals (Augustin et al., 2004). This technique could prove useful to detect novel antifungal resistant strains with potential to emerge as novel human pathogens. It has not escaped our notice that the probability of such finding could also help to verify whether these fungi could utilize such antifungal compounds through use of hitherto undiscovered metabolic pathways and novel enzymes leading to identification of genes responsible for antifungal resistance
Dual two-state mean-field games
In this paper, we consider two-state mean-field games and its dual
formulation. We then discuss numerical methods for these problems. Finally, we
present various numerical experiments, exhibiting different behaviours,
including shock formation, lack of invertibility, and monotonicity loss
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Dermatology inpatient consultation in a Portuguese university hospital
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous findings are frequent in hospitalized patients. There are few reports regarding this subject. OBJECTIVES: To identify the frequency and the impact on clinical courses of dermatologic conditions in patients in the inpatient setting and compare the data with other similar studies. METHODS: Retrospective review of 274 hospitalized patients in non-dermatology inpatient departments who were observed by a dermatology consultant in a Portuguese central university hospital during a year. RESULTS: A total of 282 consultations were performed. The services requesting consultation most frequently were internal medicine (33.7%), surgery (10.3%), and pediatrics (8.9%). Skin infections (33.2%), eczemas (9.5%), and drug eruptions (7.3%) were the most common diagnoses. Admission diagnosis was modified in 9 cases (3.3%) by the dermatology consultant. CONCLUSION: Dermatoses are frequently misdiagnosed by non-dermatologists. Common skin diseases were responsible for most of dermatology inpatient consultations. However, in some cases the dermatology consultation changed the primary main diagnosis and had an important impact on the clinical course
Rituximab in the treatment of refractory pemphigus vulgaris
O pĂȘnfigo vulgar Ă© uma doença bolhosa auto-imune rara, que atinge a pele e as mucosas. Geralmente tem um curso clĂnico severo, sendo necessĂĄrio o recurso a terapĂȘutica prolongada com corticĂłides sistĂ©micos e outros fĂĄrmacos imunossupressores, que podem conduzir a efeitos adversos graves. O rituximab Ă© um anticorpo monoclo- nal quimĂ©rico dirigido ao antigĂ©nio CD20, expresso pelos linfĂłcitos B. Recentemente, tĂȘm surgido alguns estudos que documentam o seu sucesso terapĂȘutico no tratamento de pĂȘnfigo refractĂĄrio. Os autores descrevem dois casos clĂnicos de pĂȘnfigo vulgar refractĂĄrios Ă s terapĂȘuticas convencionais, que foram tratados com rituximab, tendo atin- gido a remissĂŁo completa da doença. A experiĂȘncia bem sucedida em relação a estes dois casos clĂnicos reforça que o rituximab constitui uma opção valiosa e segura na abordagem terapĂȘutica do pĂȘnfigo vulgar severo e refractĂĄrio
A perspective of the Portuguese consumer awareness, beliefs and preferences towards piglet castration methods and its implications on the meat quality
Received: January 31st, 2021 ; Accepted: May 8th, 2021 ; Published: May 13th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] male piglets by surgical procedures without anaesthesia, with analgesia
and/or anaesthesia and, recently, immunological-chemical castration are practices to avoid
unwanted or aggressive sexual behaviour, and to prevent the development of meat boar taint. This
exploratory study aims to investigate Portuguese consumerâs awareness, beliefs and attitudes in
issues like boar taint, pigletâs castration and pork meat quality, observing possible demographic
trends. It is also intended to identify clusters of consumers with similar attitudes, crossing them
with demographic data to verify the existence of patterns in Portugal related to these issues. To
attain this objective, a consumerâs survey was performed through an online questionnaire open
for 30 days. A total of 158 respondents completed the survey. Almost a half (46%) of respondents
stated their unknowledge about boar taint. Surgical castration and its effects are topics with which
older consumers with a rural background are more familiar with, while immunological-chemical
castration is still unknown to most consumers: 65% of consumers said they were not aware of
this method, and 75% did not know whether it is an effective method for eliminating boar taint.
Hierarchical clustering followed by K-means analysis segmented consumers into three clusters
characterized according to their opinions, mainly divided by ethical and chemical-free
orientations and by a more conservative meat quality and flavour-oriented attitudes, generally
independent of prevailing demographics. In general, there were no defined opinions about the
subjects under study, due mainly to the lack of information or knowledge. Nevertheless, cluster
classification revealed differences in consumerâs opinions, especially regarding the reasons for
castration and the pain inflicted, about meat quality and the willingness to buy pork from entire
males or to pay more for this type of product
Erupção a fĂĄrmaco com eosinofilia e sintomas sistĂ©micos (sĂndrome dress)
Adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs are frequent, affecting from 2% to 3% of all
hospitalized patients. But only about 2% of these cutaneous reactions are severe and
seldom are fatal. The term drug hypersensitivity syndrome refers to a specific severe drug
reaction, including skin rash, fever, lymph node enlargement, and single or multiple organ
involvement. The cutaneous rash is usually morbilliform. The drugs associated with the
syndrome are: anticonvulsants, ACE inhibitors, Beta-blockers, allopurinol and sulphonamides.
The differencial diagnosis includes maculopapular rash, exfoliative dermatitis,
acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and SĂ©zary syndrome. The interval between
the starting of drug therapy and the onset of cutaneous reactions may be at least one
month, and therefore the implication of the drug in the aetiology may be subdiagnosed.
As reacçÔes cutùneas a fårmacos são frequentes, afectando 2 a 3% dos pacientes hospitalizados,
mas sĂł aproximadamente 2% destas sĂŁo severas. O termo sĂndrome de
hipersensibilidade a fårmacos refere-se a uma reacção a fårmacos caracterizada por erupção
cutùnea, febre, linfadenopatia e envolvimento de um ou mais órgãos sistémicos. As
lesÔes cutùneas são normalmente morbiliformes. Os fårmacos mais implicados neste tipo
de reacçÔes são os anticonvulsivantes, -bloqueadores, inibidores da enzima de conversão
da angiotensina, alopurinol e as sulfamidas. O diagnĂłstico diferencial deverĂĄ ser feito
com o exantema maculopapular, dermatite esfoliativa, pustulose exantemĂĄtica aguda generalizada
e com a sĂndrome de SĂ©zary.
As manifestaçÔes clĂnicas podem surgir atĂ© pelo menos um mĂȘs depois do inĂcio do
fårmaco, o que faz com que a implicação etiológica do mesmo possa ser subestimada.
A morbilidade Ă© alta e a mortalidade pode atingir os 10%, tornando importante o conhecimento
desta patologia
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