METHODOLOGICAL CONTEXT AND DOMAINS OF VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS FOR POLICY MAKING: CASE IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Bringing national agricultural policy in line with the Common Agricultural Policy of EU, among other things, requires an understanding of how local agricultural producers with their production will fit into the EU single market. The general point that needs to be made in this regard is grasping the big picture on how agricultural products move through the value chain on their way to the final consumer. This is important not just for the actors involved, but also for the policy-makers since the logic Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets (CMO) within the EU is to reinforce the economic position of producers in the market. In this sense, analysing impacts of policy options through value chains provides decision makers and other stakeholders with anticipated evidence on likely changes directly induced by policies. The complexity of this task and the need for successful implementation of CMO measures in the Republic of North Macedonia required methodological approach that has been developed within the Project “Introduction and implementation of Common Market Organization measures”. Developed methodological approach that enables assess on quantitative grounds the impacts that policy option have upon certain product (commodity) is presented in this paper

Electrochromic Properties of Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Thin Films Prepared by a Simple Chemical Deposition Method

In this work a simple chemical bath deposition method was developed and employed for the preparation of Nickel Hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) films. The films were deposited by successive immersion of the fluorine doped glass substrates (FTO) into acidic aqueous solution of NiCl2 and K4[Fe(CN)6]. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed that the obtained NiHCF films had crystalline structure. Cycling voltammetry was performed in order to investigate the electrochemical properties of the films. Visible spectra of NiHCF films were recorded in-situ in the both, bleached and colored state. From those spectra were estimated the optical band gaps. The response times of the bleaching and coloring was estimated to an abrupt potential change from -2 V to +2 V and reverse. The coloration efficiency was estimated from the dependence of the optical density on charge density

Hemostasis in erysipelas – modern concepts

Introduction: Erysipelas is a common, ubiquitous bacterial infection of the skin mainly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes - group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. The current epidemiology of the disease demonstrates an upward trend in cases with primary and recurrent erysipelas, a change in the site of predilection – from face to lower limbs, and an increase of severe cases with a hemorrhagic or bullous-hemorrhagic component. To date, the alterations in hemostasis due to streptococcal bacterial infection are still not well defined. Despite the advanced treatment of erysipelas, in approximately 10% of patients with hemorrhagic and bullous-hemorrhagic erysipelas, a skin necrosis has occurred. The combination of severe types of erysipelas with local and general predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic vessel insufficiency results in recurrences and complications with high percentage of disability. In addition, streptococcal infections may have fulminant progression as for every 1 hour delay of adequate treatment, the percent of mortality increases with 7.5%.Aim:  The purpose of this paper is to establish the current concepts and observations of hemostatic changes in erysipelas.Materials and Methods: Literature referred in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopushas been studied.Results: The hemostasis changes in erysipelas are not well researched. The available literature is insufficient as the studies are based on a small number of patients, which prevents any significant conclusions.  Conclusion: The increasing incidence of patients with severe form of erysipelas stresses the need to intensify the study of hemostasis in erysipelas. Knowing the mechanisms of coagulation changes might help to predict and prevent severe, irreversible complications.

Energy Efficiency with Electrochromic Prussian Blue Thin Films

Prussian Blue (PB) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates. Elelctrochromic behavior of the films was examined in an electrochromic device (ECD) consisted of home-built glass cell with a 1 mol/dm3 KCl as an electrolyte, PB film as working, and FTO as counter electrodes. These films showed electrochromism changing color from deep blue in as deposited state, to green in oxidized state, and back to blue and transparent (colorless) in reduced state. Visible transmittance spectra of the PB thin films in bleached and colored states were recorded in-situ. Absorption coefficients spectra were calculated using the transmittance spectra. The output integral of the spectral intensity and the integral of the spectral modulation were calculated by taking the solar irradiance spectrum AM 1.5 for a normal illumination on a PB – based ECD, and the absorption coefficients spectra of the PB films in their bleached and colored state

A Simple Chemical Method for Deposition of Electrochromic Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate Thin Films

In this work a simple chemical method for depositing cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) films has been developed. The films have been prepared by successive immersion of the fluorine doped glass substrates (FTO) into an acidic aqueous solution of CoCl2 and K4[Fe(CN)6]. The characterization of the films with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the films have crystalline structure. The electrochemical properties of the films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Obtained films exhibited electrochromism, changing colour reversibly between transparent and brown. Visible transmittance spectra of CoHCF films in their bleached and coloured states were recorded in-situ. Those spectra were used to estimate the optical band gaps. The dependence of the optical density on charge density was examined and used to calculate the colouration efficiency. The response times of the colouring and bleaching to an abrupt potential change from -2 V to +2 V and reverse were also examined. The maximum light intensity modulation ability of the films and saved energy, when the AM 1.5 spectrum is taken as an input, were calculated to be 55% and 243.56 Wm-2, respectively, which makes this films suitable for application in electrochromic devices

Common integration sites of published datasets identified using a graph-based framework

With next-generation sequencing, the genomic data available for the characterization of integration sites (IS) has dramatically increased. At present, in a single experiment, several thousand viral integration genome targets can be investigated to define genomic hot spots. In a previous article, we renovated a formal CIS analysis based on a rigid fixed window demarcation into a more stretchy definition grounded on graphs. Here, we present a selection of supporting data related to the graph-based framework (GBF) from our previous article, in which a collection of common integration sites (CIS) were identified on six published datasets. In this work, we will focus on two datasets, ISRTCGD and ISHIV, which have been previously discussed. Moreover, we show in more detail the workflow design that originates the datasets

ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS WITH AN UNUSUAL CONFIGURATION AFTER PREOPERATIVE POVIDONE-IODINE DISINFECTION. A CLINICAL CASE

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction resulting from skin contact with exogenous substances that act as allergens and/or irritants. Epicutaneous testing is the gold standard for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis and differentiating it from irritant contact dermatitis. We present a clinical case of allergic contact dermatitis after preoperative povidone-iodine disinfection

Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films for Solar Light Modulation

Nickel oxide (NiO

Forced degradation of timolol maleate on high temperature for verification of HPLC method for related substances in Timolol eye drop 0.5%

Timolol is a potent β-adrenergic blocker, useful in treatment of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Many chromatographic analysis methods have been applied for the determination of pharmaceutical compounds containing heterocyclic rings (as timolol maleate), but the most commonly applied chromatographic technique is HPLC. Understanding the stability characteristics for both the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and for the drug product (DP) is crucial for the development of a safe and effective pharmaceutical agent. For this purpose, samples from API and DP during product development are disposed under strictly controlled storage conditions to assess stability testing. Forced degradation studies are being conducted to identify the degradation products that are likely to occur during long term storage as the worst- case scenario

Electrochromic Properties of Prussian Blue Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Deposition Method

The manifestation of electrochromic phenomena makes Prussian blue (PB) thin films very attractive, especially because they exhibit four-color polyelectrochromicity. In this work PB thin films were prepared by simple and low cost shemical deposition method. The films were deposited onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates. An electrochromic test device (ECTD) was constructed by using these films as working electrodes, and FTO coated glass as an opposite electrode in aqueous solution of 1 mol/dm3 KCl as supporting electrolyte. The electrochemical properties of the films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The obtained films exhibited electrochromism, changing color from deep blue in as deposited state into green, and back to blue and colorless. Visible transmittance spectra of PB films were studied in-situ in as deposited, colored and bleached states. From those spectra, contrast ratio (CR) and the optical band gaps Eg were evaluated. The dependence of the optical density (OD) on charge density was examined and the coloration efficiency (CE) was calculated to be 149.8 cm2C-1. The time response during the film switching between transparent and blue states was also examined