Comparación de los tipos de Foam Roller evaluando su efecto agudo en el músculo recto femoral mediante tensiomiografía

The use of the Foam Roller (FR) is a relatively new myofascial release technique that is experiencing a considerable increase in the sport and health environment. The aim of this study was to compare the various types of FR by assessing their acute effect on the rectus femoris (RF) muscle using Tensiomyography (TMG), taking into account the variables Maximum Deformation (Dm) and Contraction Time (Tc). Ten participants from the Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (CAFYD) carried out the study with one type of RF each session, spread over three days. Each subject performed 3 sets of 90 seconds with 30 seconds rest, on the dominant leg only. The TMG measurements were two, before and after the use of the RF. When analysing the effects produced by all the RF on the total number of participants, no significant differences were found in any of the variables. Although we noticed that, when separating the sample by level of sporting activity, the FR Hard (FRD) and FR Relieve (FRR) caused a significant decrease in Tc, causing activation in the Untrained Subjects (SNE). On the contrary, in the Trained Subjects (TS), the effect of FRD produced an increase in Tc, causing a relaxation of RF. The variations become noticeable depending on the sport practice and probably on the muscle tone. Therefore, the user's physical shape and experience with the Foam Roller must be taken into account, as this will directly influence the effect of its use.La utilización del rodillo de espuma o Foam Roller (FR) es una técnica de liberación miofascial relativamente nueva que está experimentando un aumento considerable en el entorno del deporte y de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los diversos tipos de FR evaluando su efecto agudo en el músculo Recto Femoral (RF) mediante Tensiomiografía (TMG), teniendo en cuenta las variables Deformación máxima (Dm) y Tiempo de Contracción (Tc). Diez participantes de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (CAFYD) realizaron el estudio con un tipo de FR cada sesión, repartidos en tres jornadas. Cada sujeto llevó a cabo 3 series de 90 segundos con 30 segundos de descanso, sólo en la pierna dominante. Las mediciones en TMG fueron dos, antes y después del uso del FR. Al analizar los efectos producidos por todos los FR en el total de los participantes no se encontraron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables. Aunque hemos advertido que, al separar la muestra por nivel de actividad deportiva, el FR Duro (FRD) y el FR Relieve (FRR) causaron una disminución significativa del Tc, provocando una activación en los Sujetos No Entrenados (SNE). Por el contrario, en los Sujetos Entrenados (SE), el efecto del FRD produjo un aumento del Tc, ocasionando una relajación del RF. Las variaciones se vuelven notables dependiendo de la práctica deportiva y probablemente del tono muscular. Por ello, hay que tener muy en cuenta la forma física del usuario y su experiencia con el Foam Roller, ya que esto va a influir directamente en el efecto que le producirá su uso

Validity, Reliability and Reproducibility of OctoBalance Test as Tool to Measure the Upper Limb Compared to Modified-Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test

The articular evaluation of range of motion (ROM) is currently used to observe imbalance or limitations as possible risk factors or predispositions to suffer future injures. The main aim of this study is to verify the concurrent validity, reliability and reproducibility of the OctoBalance Test (OB) as a valid and reliable tool to measure articular ROM of the upper limb compared to the modified-Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (mUQYBT). The twenty-five participants were male athletes. All of them were assessed with OB and mUQYBT in medial, superolateral, and inferolateral directions in both right and left arms with a three-minute break during these attempts. The process was repeated a second time with a week gap between measurements. Pearson correlation and linear logarithmic regression were used to examine the relationship between scores obtained with OB and mUQYBT. In order to verify the reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used (3.1). Concordance and reproducibility were assessed using Bland–Altman’s graph. A perfect correlation and an almost linear logarithmic regression (R2 = 0.97) were observed between both measurement systems, with values of 73.531 ± 21.226 cm in mUQYBT and 69.541 ± 16.330 cm in OB. The differences were minimal between week one and week two. The assessment with Bland’s graph showed the concordance and reproducibility of scores, showing the dispersion and the upper and lower limits. OB is shown as valid in comparison to the other test as a reliable and reproducible tool for the assessment of the articular ROM in the upper limb, and it could be used for the evaluation of injuries

Effects of ergo-nutritional strategies on recovery in combat sports disciplines

In order to improve the recovery process in combat sports disciplines, ergo-nutritional strategies could be an effective option in training and competition. Some of these ergo-nutritional aids could improve performance but literature references are scarce, with controversial results regarding actual recovery effects. This systematic review aimed to examine which ergo-nutritional methods are most effective for assisting in the recovery process in combat sports, and to determine the appropriate training stimuli. This systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) guidelines. A computerized search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Collaboration Database, Evidence Database, Evidence Based Medicine Search review, National Guidelines, EM-BASE, Scopus and Google Scholar system (from 1995 to April 30, 2021). The PICOS model was used to define inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 123 studies initially found, 18 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Data from 367 athletes from different disciplines were examined. The evidence was grouped in 4 areas: oxidative stress, muscle and energy recovery, muscle repair, and metabolic acidosis. Evidence showed that vitamins, minerals, and some natural ergo-nutritional products are effective as antioxidants. Carbohydrates and protein determine the recovery effect. Sodium bicarbonate has a role as primary acidosis metabolic delayer. Accordingly, ergo-nutritional aids can help in the recovery process. Considering the effects outlined in the literature, more studies are needed to provide firm evidence. Para mejorar el proceso de recuperación en las disciplinas deportivas de combate, las estrategias ergo-nutricionales son una opción eficaz en el entrenamiento y la competición. Algunas de estas alternativas mejoran el rendimiento, pero actualmente existe una escasa bibliografía con resultados controvertidos relacionados con el efecto de recuperación. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo determinar qué estrategias ergo-nutricionales son más efectivas en los procesos de recuperación. Se llevó a cabo siguiendo las pautas Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). Se realizó una búsqueda computarizada en PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Collaboration Database, Evidence Database, Evidence Based Medicine Search review, National Guidelines, EM-BASE, Scopus y el sistema Google Scholar (desde 1995 hasta el 30 de abril de 2021). Se utilizó el modelo PICOS para definir los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. De los 123 estudios encontrados inicialmente, 18 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y fueron incluidos. Se examinaron datos de 367 atletas de diferentes disciplinas. La evidencia se agrupó en 4 áreas: estrés oxidativo, recuperación muscular y energética, reparación muscular y acidosis metabólica. La evidencia mostró que las vitaminas, los minerales y algunos productos ergo-nutricionales naturales son eficaces como antioxidantes, los hidratos de carbono y las proteínas determinan su efecto recuperador y el bicarbonato de sodio es el principal retardador metabólico de la acidosis. Se destaca la importancia de aceptar un plan ergo-nutricional para mejorar el proceso de recuperación. A pesar de ello, y teniendo en cuenta los efectos descritos en la literatura, se necesitan más estudios para reforzar la evidencia actual

Effects of ergo-nutritional strategies on recovery in combat sports disciplines

[EN] Introduccion: Para mejorar el proceso de recuperacion en las disciplinas deportivas de combate, las estrategias ergo-nutricionales son una opcion eficaz en el entrenamiento y la competicion. Algunas de estas alternativas mejoran el rendimiento, pero actualmente existe una escasa bibliografia con resultados controvertidos relacionados con el efecto de recuperacion. Esta revision sistematica tuvo como objetivo determinar que estrategias ergo-nutricionales son mas efectivas en los procesos de recuperacion. Se llevo a cabo siguiendo las pautas Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). Se realizo una busqueda computarizada en PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Collaboration Database, Evidence Database, Evidence Based Medicine Search review, National Guidelines, EM-BASE, Scopus y el sistema Google Scholar (desde 1995 hasta el 30 de abril de 2021). Se utilizo el modelo PICOS para definir los criterios de inclusion y exclusion. De los 123 estudios encontrados inicialmente, 18 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y fueron incluidos. Se examinaron datos de 367 atletas de diferentes disciplinas. La evidencia se agrupo en 4 areas: estres oxidativo, recuperacion muscular y energetica, reparacion muscular y acidosis metabolica. La evidencia mostro que las vitaminas, los minerales y algunos productos ergo-nutricionales naturales son eficaces como antioxidantes, los hidratos de carbono y las proteinas determinan su efecto recuperador y el bicarbonato de sodio es el principal retardador metabolico de la acidosis. Se destaca la importancia de aceptar un plan ergo-nutricional para mejorar el proceso de recuperacion. A pesar de ello, y teniendo en cuenta los efectos descritos en la literatura, se necesitan mas estudios para reforzar la evidencia actual. Abstract Introduction: In order to improve the recovery process in combat sports disciplines, ergo-nutritional strategies could be an effective option in training and competition. Some of these ergo-nutritional aids could improve performance but literature references are scarce, with controversial results regarding actual recovery effects. This systematic review aimed to examine which ergo-nutritional methods are most effective for assisting in the recovery process in combat sports, and to determine the appropriate training stimuli. This systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) guidelines. A computerized search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Collaboration Database, Evidence Database, Evidence Based Medicine Search review, National Guidelines, EM-BASE, Scopus and Google Scholar system (from 1995 to April 30, 2021). The PICOS model was used to define inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 123 studies initially found, 18 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Data from 367 athletes from different disciplines were examined. The evidence was grouped in 4 areas: oxidative stress, muscle and energy recovery, muscle repair, and metabolic acidosis. Evidence showed that vitamins, minerals, and some natural ergo-nutritional products are effective as antioxidants. Carbohydrates and protein determine the recovery effect. Sodium bicarbonate has a role as primary acidosis metabolic delayer. Accordingly, ergo-nutritional aids can help in the recovery process. Considering the effects outlined in the literature, more studies are needed to provide firm evidence

Efecto de un entrenamiento propioceptivo para prevenir el riesgo de caída en adultos mayores

Introduction: Falls are considered one of the most important geriatric syndromes due to their high incidence in adults over 65 years of age. Falls can generate various and important physical and / or psychological consequences, functional impairment, dependence and even death. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of proprioceptive training to prevent the risk of falls in adults over 65 years of age residing in a nursing home at km 1 via Dapa, Valle del Cauca. Methodology: A cross-sectional quasi-experimental research was carried out, with a non-probabilistic sample consisting of 12 women and 3 adult men over 65 years of age residing in a nursing home, participating voluntarily in a 6-week proprioceptive training, twice a week during the months of March and April 2021. The feasibility of the proprioceptive exercises proposal was validated using the nominal group research technique. The results included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and the Timed up and go (TUG) tests evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: There were significant differences in the level of functionality pre-post intervention, (p<0.05), the two variables (level of fall risk and level of functionality) are correlated inversely (p<0.05). Conclusions: Proprioceptive training is effective in improving static/dynamic balance, gait speed, and lower extremity strength in adults over 65 years of age residing in a nursing home.Introducción: Las caídas se consideran como uno de los síndromes geriátricos más importantes por su alta incidencia en los adultos mayores de 65 años. Las caídas pueden generar diversas e importantes consecuencias físicas y/o psicológicas, deterioro funcional, dependencia e incluso la muerte. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del entrenamiento propioceptivo para prevenir el riesgo de caídas en el adulto mayor de 65 años residente en un hogar de reposo en el km 1 vía a Dapa, Valle del Cauca. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación cuasiexperimental de corte transversal, con muestra no probabilística constituida por 12 mujeres y 3 hombres adultos mayores de 65 años residentes en un hogar de reposo, participando de manera voluntaria en un entrenamiento propioceptivo de 6 semanas, dos veces a la semana durante los meses de marzo y abril de 2021. La factibilidad de la propuesta de ejercicios propioceptivos se validó a partir de la técnica de investigación grupo nominal. Los resultados incluyeron las pruebas Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) y Timed up and go (TUG) evaluadas pre y post intervención. Resultados: Hubo diferencias significativas en el nivel de funcionalidad pre- post intervención, (p<0,05), las dos variables (nivel de riesgo de caída y nivel de funcionalidad) se correlacionan en sentido inverso (p<0,05). Conclusiones: El entrenamiento propioceptivo es efectivo para mejorar el equilibrio estático/dinámico, la velocidad de la marcha y fuerza de extremidades inferiores en los adultos mayores de 65 años que residen en un hogar de reposo

Detection of Upper Limb Asymmetries in Athletes According to the Stage of the Season - A Longitudinal Study

Sports injuries can affect the performance of athletes. For this reason, functional tests are used for injury assessment and prevention, analyzing physical or physiological imbalances and detecting asymmetries. The main aim of this study was to detect the asymmetries in the upper limbs (right and left arms) in athletes, using the OctoBalance Test (OB), depending on the stage of the season. Two hundred and fifty-two participants (age: 23.33 ± 8.96 years old; height: 178.63 ± 11.12 cm; body mass: 80.28 ± 17.61 kg; body mass index: 24.88 ± 4.58; sports experience: 12.52 ± 6.28 years), practicing different sports (rugby, athletics, football, swimming, handball, triathlon, basketball, hockey, badminton and volleyball), assessed with the OB in medial, superolateral, and inferolateral directions in both arms, in four moments of the season (May 2017, September 2017, February 2018 and May 2018). ANOVA test was used with repeated measures with a p ≤ 0.05, for the analysis of the different studied variances. Significant differences were found (p = 0.021) in the medial direction of the left arm, between the first (May 2017) and fourth stages (May 2018), with values of 71.02 ± 7.15 cm and 65.03 ± 7.66 cm. From the detection of asymmetries, using the OB to measure, in the medial, superolateral and inferolateral directions, mobility and balance can be assessed. In addition, it is possible to observe functional imbalances, as a risk factor for injury, in each of the stages into which the season is divided, which will help in the prevention of injuries and in the individualization of training.The APC was funded by Universidad Europea del Atlántico

Training Habits of Eumenorrheic Active Women during the Different Phases of Their Menstrual Cycle: A Descriptive Study

This research was supported by the Pre-competitive Projects for Early Stage Researchers Program from the University of Granada (ref: PPJIA2020.03). The authors would like to thank all the participants.This study meets the ethical standards of theWorld Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki (2013), and it was approved by the Institutional Review Board (Universidad de La Frontera, Temucho, Chile, 005_19).Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.The purpose of this study was to examine the training habits of eumenorrheic active women during their menstrual cycle (MC), and its perceived influence on physical performance regarding their athletic level. A group of 1250 sportswomen filled in a questionnaire referring to demographic information, athletic performance and MC-related training habits. Of the participants, 81% reported having a stable duration of MC, with most of them (57%) lasting 26-30 days. Concerning MC-related training habits, 79% indicated that their MC affects athletic performance, although 71% did not consider their MC in their training program, with no differences or modifications in training volume or in training intensity for low-level athletes (LLA) and high-level athletes (HLA) with hormonal contraceptive (HC) use. However, LLA with a normal MC adapted their training habits more, compared with HLA, also stopping their training (47.1% vs. 16.1%, respectively). Thus, different training strategies should be designed for HLA and LLA with a normal MC, but this is not so necessary for HLA and LLA who use HC. To sum up, training adaptations should be individually designed according to the training level and use or non-use of HC, always taking into account the pain suffered during the menstrual phase in most of the athletes.Pre-competitive Projects for Early Stage Researchers Program from the University of Granada PPJIA2020.0

Detection of Upper Limb Asymmetries in Athletes According to the Stage of the Season—A Longitudinal Study

Sports injuries can affect the performance of athletes. For this reason, functional tests are used for injury assessment and prevention, analyzing physical or physiological imbalances and detecting asymmetries. The main aim of this study was to detect the asymmetries in the upper limbs (right and left arms) in athletes, using the OctoBalance Test (OB), depending on the stage of the season. Two hundred and fifty-two participants (age: 23.33 ± 8.96 years old; height: 178.63 ± 11.12 cm; body mass: 80.28 ± 17.61 kg; body mass index: 24.88 ± 4.58; sports experience: 12.52 ± 6.28 years), practicing different sports (rugby, athletics, football, swimming, handball, triathlon, basketball, hockey, badminton and volleyball), assessed with the OB in medial, superolateral, and inferolateral directions in both arms, in four moments of the season (May 2017, September 2017, February 2018 and May 2018). ANOVA test was used with repeated measures with a p ≤ 0.05, for the analysis of the different studied variances. Significant differences were found (p = 0.021) in the medial direction of the left arm, between the first (May 2017) and fourth stages (May 2018), with values of 71.02 ± 7.15 cm and 65.03 ± 7.66 cm. From the detection of asymmetries, using the OB to measure, in the medial, superolateral and inferolateral directions, mobility and balance can be assessed. In addition, it is possible to observe functional imbalances, as a risk factor for injury, in each of the stages into which the season is divided, which will help in the prevention of injuries and in the individualization of training

Influence of E-learning training on the acquisition of competences in basketball coaches in Cantabria

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to analyse the influence of e-learning training on the acquisition of competences in basketball coaches in Cantabria. The current landscape of basketball coach training shows an increasing demand for innovative training models and emerging pedagogies, including e-learning-based methodologies. The study sample consisted of fifty students from these courses, all above 16 years of age (36 males, 14 females). Among them, 16% resided outside the autonomous community of Cantabria, 10% resided more than 50 km from the city of Santander, 36% between 10 and 50 km, 14% less than 10 km, and 24% resided within Santander city. Data were collected through a Google Forms survey distributed by the Cantabrian Basketball Federation to training course students. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The survey, consisting of 56 questions, was validated by two sports and health doctors and two senior basketball coaches. The collected data were processed and analysed using Microsoft® Excel version 16.74, and the results were expressed in percentages. The analysis revealed that 24.60% of the students trained through the e-learning methodology considered themselves fully qualified as basketball coaches, contrasting with 10.98% of those trained via traditional face-to-face methodology. The results of the study provide insights into important characteristics that can be adjusted and improved within the investigated educational process. Moreover, the study concludes that e-learning training effectively qualifies basketball coaches in Cantabria