Gipsy 3D: Analysis, Visualization and Vo-Tools

The scientific goals of the AMIGA project are based on the analysis of a significant amount of spectroscopic 3D data. In order to perform this work we present an initiative to develop a new VO compliant package, including present core applications and tasks offered by the Groningen Image Processing System (GIPSY), and new ones based on use cases elaborated in collaboration with ad- vanced users. One of the main goals is to provide local interoperability between GIPSY (visualization and data analysis) and other VO software. The connectivity with the Virtual Observatory environment will provide general access to 3D data VO archives and services, maximizing the potential for scientific discovery.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of the "Multi-wavelength Astronomy and Virtual Observatory" Workshop held at ESAC 1-3 Dec 200

Clinical characterization of patients with anal fistula during follow-up of anorectal abscess: a large population-based study

PurposeApproximately 15-50% of patients with an anorectal abscess will develop an anal fistula, but the true incidence of this entity is currently unknown. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of anorectal abscess and development of a fistula in a specific population area and to identify potential risk factors associated with demographic, socioeconomic and pre-existing disease (e.g. diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease).MethodsA longitudinal observational study was designed including a large cohort study in an area with 7,553,650 inhabitants in Spain 1st january 2014 to 31st december 2019. Adults who attended for the first time with an anorectal abscess and had a minimum of 1-year follow-up were included. The diagnosis was made using ICD-10 codes for anorectal abscess and anal fistula.ResultsDuring the study period, we included 27,821 patients with anorectal abscess. There was a predominance of men (70%) and an overall incidence of 596 per million population. The overall incidence of anal fistula developing from abscesses was 20%, with predominance in men, and a lower incidence in the lowest income level. The cumulative incidence of fistula was higher in men and in younger patients (p < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, patients aged 60-69 years (hazard ratio 2.0) and those with inflammatory bowel disease (hazard ratio 1.8-2.0) had a strong association with fistula development (hazard ratio 2.0).ConclusionsOne in five patients with an anorectal abscess will develop a fistula, with a higher likelihood in men. Fistula formation was strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease

Effects of the environment on galaxies in the Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies: physical satellites and large scale structure

We aim to identify and quantify the effects of the satellite distribution around a sample of galaxies in the Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies (CIG), as well as the effects of the Large Scale Structure (LSS) using the SDSS-DR9. To recover the physically bound galaxies we focus on the satellites which are within the escape speed of each CIG galaxy. We also propose a more conservative method using the stacked Gaussian distribution of the velocity difference of the neighbours. The tidal strengths affecting the primary galaxy are estimated to quantify the effects of the local and LSS environments. We also define the projected number density parameter at the 5$^{\rm th}$ nearest neighbour to characterise the LSS around the CIG galaxies. Out of the 386 CIG galaxies considered in this study, at least 340 (88\% of the sample) have no physically linked satellite. Out of the 386 CIG galaxies, 327 (85\% of the sample) have no physical companion within a projected distance of 0.3 Mpc. The CIG galaxies are distributed following the LSS of the local Universe, although presenting a large heterogeneity in their degree of connection with it. A clear segregation appears between early-type CIG galaxies with companions and isolated late-type CIG galaxies. Isolated galaxies are in general bluer, with likely younger stellar populations and rather high star formation with respect to older, redder CIG galaxies with companions. Reciprocally, the satellites are redder and with an older stellar populations around massive early-type CIG galaxies, while they have a younger stellar content around massive late-type CIG galaxies. This suggests that the CIG is composed of a heterogeneous population of galaxies, sampling from old to more recent, dynamical systems of galaxies.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Pitfalls on evaluating pair exchange interactions for modelling molecule-based magnetism

Molecule-based magnetism is a solid-state property that results from the microscopic interaction between magnetic centres or radicals. The observed magnetic response is due to unpaired electrons whose coupling leads to a particular magnetic topology. Therefore, to understand the magnetic response of a given molecule-based magnet and reproduce the available experimental magnetic properties by means of statistical mechanics, one has to be able to determine the value of the JAB magnetic exchange coupling between radicals. The calculation of JAB is thus a key point for modelling molecule-based magnetism. In this Perspectives article, we will build upon our experience in modelling molecular magnetism to point out some pitfalls on evaluating JAB couplings. Special attention must be paid to the cluster models used to evaluate JAB, which should account for cooperative effects among JAB interactions and also consider the environment (counterions, hydrogen bonding) of the two radicals whose interaction has to be evaluated. It will be also necessary to assess whether a DFT-based or a wavefunction-based method is best to study a given radical. Finally, in addition to model and method, the JAB couplings have to be able to adapt to changes in the magnetic topology due to thermal fluctuations. Therefore, it is most important to appraise in which systems molecular dynamics simulations would be required. Given the large number of issues one must tackle when choosing the correct model and method to evaluate JAB interactions for modelling magnetic properties in molecule-based materials, the “human factor” is a must to cross-examine and challenge computations before trusting any result

Magnetic breakdown spectrum of a Kramers-Weyl semimetal

We calculate the Landau levels of a Kramers-Weyl semimetal thin slab in a perpendicular magnetic field $B$. The coupling of Fermi arcs on opposite surfaces broadens the Landau levels with a band width that oscillates periodically in $1/B$. We interpret the spectrum in terms of a one-dimensional superlattice induced by magnetic breakdown at Weyl points. The band width oscillations may be observed as $1/B$-periodic magnetoconductance oscillations, at weaker fields and higher temperatures than the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations due to Landau level quantization. No such spectrum appears in a generic Weyl semimetal, the Kramers degeneracy at time-reversally invariant momenta is essential.Comment: 13 pages, 18 figure

Dynamical simulation of the injection of vortices into a Majorana edge mode

The chiral edge modes of a topological superconductor can transport fermionic quasiparticles, with Abelian exchange statistics, but they can also transport non-Abelian anyons: Majorana zero-modes bound to a {\pi}-phase domain wall that propagates along the boundary. Such an edge vortex is injected by the application of an h/2e flux bias over a Josephson junction. Existing descriptions of the injection process rely on the instantaneous scattering approximation of the adiabatic regime, where the internal dynamics of the Josephson junction is ignored. Here we go beyond that approximation in a time-dependent many-body simulation of the injection process, followed by a braiding of the mobile edge vortex with an immobile Abrikosov vortex in the bulk of the superconductor. Our simulation sheds light on the properties of the Josephson junction needed for a successful implementation of a flying Majorana qubit.Comment: 13 pages 12 figure