La presente investigación propone: determinar la factibilidad para la implementación de una ruta de turismo comunitario de las comunidades Shuar Atahualpa, Shuar Nantip y Waorani Ñoñeno para el cantón Francisco de Orellana, provincia de Orellana. El diagnóstico analiza la situación actual de las comunidades y del cantón, así como los elementos del sistema turístico, atractivos, infraestructura, planta turística y superestructura turística, en el análisis de la demanda se determina una gran acogida por parte del turista nacional e internacional respecto al producto, además de las características de la oferta y competencia, se realiza el FODA a partir de este se identificaron y priorizaron los nudos críticos. En el estudio técnico se analizó el diseño de una ruta de turismo comunitario, la cual consta de tres paquetes turísticos y se determina las estrategias de promoción y publicidad en base al estudio de la demanda para su posicionamiento, además se estableció la viabilidad ambiental mediante la utilización de la matriz Leopold donde se identificó los posibles impactos, dando como resultado que la implementación del producto será viable, puesto que el impacto será de baja significación. En el estudio legal y administrativo se planteó las políticas de operación y el manual de procesos para el adecuado funcionamiento del producto. Finalmente en el estudio económico-financiero determinó que la inversión será de 128.243,93conunVAN 288.577,54, una TIR de 99,01% y una relación costo beneficio de 5,72.Seconcluyequeelpresentetrabajopresentaviabilidadteˊcnica,ambiental,administrativa−legalyeconoˊmicafinancieracuyosbeneficiosinvolucranalsectorpuˊblico,privadoycomunitario,porendesuimplementacioˊnesrecomendable.Palabrasclaves:estudiodefactibilidad,turismocomunitario,paquetesturıˊsticos.ThisresearchaimstodeterminethefeasibilitytoimplementacommunitytourismrouteofShuarAtahualpa,ShuarNantipandWaoraniN~on~enocommunitiesatFranciscodeOrellanacanton,Orellanaprovince.ThecurrentsituationoftheCantonandthecommunitieswereanalyzedinthediagnosticstudy,aswellastheelementsofthetourismsystem,attractions,infrastructure,touristfacilitiesandtouristsuperstructure.Agreatresponsebynationalandinternationaltouristregardingtheproduct,aswellasthecharacteristicsofsupplyandcompetitionweredeterminedinthedemandanalysis.ThecriticalknotswereidentifiedandprioritizedbySWOT(Strengths,Weaknesses,OpportunitiesandThreats).Thedesignofacommunitytourismroutewasanalyzedinthetechnicalstudy,whichconsistofthreetouristpackages;moreover,theadvertisingandpromotionstrategiesweredeterminedbasedonthedemandstudyforitsposition.TheenvironmentalviabilitywasstablishedbyusingtheLeopoldmatrixwherethepossibleeffectswereidentifiedconcludingthattheproductimplementationwillbefactible,duetheimpactwillbeoflowsignificance.Operatingpoliciesandmanualprocessfortheproperfunctioningoftheproductwerestatedinthelegalandadministrativestudy.Finally,intheeconomic−financialstudy,itwasdeterminedthattheinvestmentwillbe 128.243,93 with a NPV (net present value) 288.577,54anIRR(internalrateofreturn)of99,01 5, 72. Itis concluded that this research presents technical, environmental, administrative-legal, and economic-financial viability whose benefits involve the public, private and community sector, thus its implementation is recommended.
Keywords: feasibility study, community tourist, tourist packages
Ecuador is a diversified country with great potential for tourism. The diversity can be seen in the variety of natural and cultural attractions found in the four natural regions. Orellana province is an home of five different indigenous nationalities. Each of these nationalities has its own language, customs and traditions. The indigenous nationalities of Shuar, Kichwa, and Waorani are located in the Francisco de Orellana canton. This canton has important natural and cultural attractions, which makes the development of a community-based tourism project viable. The geographical location of the communities of Atahualpa, Nantip, and Ñoñeno makes it feasible to design a tourism route, which would help these communities to share their natural and cultural richness. These communities have had difficulties in structuring their resources in a technical way. Therefore, this study aims to integrate all the touristic attractions in order to advertise them to the public to achieve sustainability and increase their competitiveness in the market. In order to achieve this goal, a feasible study was carried out to implement a community-based tourism route. Based on the market study, it was determined that there is a high demand of national and international tourists who would like to visit a tourism route in this canton. Also, there is a high demand to visit the flora and fauna found in the Amazon region of Ecuador. Three touristic packages were developed, which bring together all the communities. As a result, it makes them more competitive in the area. In conclusion, the implementation of a community-based route that uses touristic packages, would allow the direct participation of the people in the communities, the sustainable use of natural and cultural resources, and a fair and equitable distribution of the income generated by the touristic activities