Surface irradiation of chicken eggs by nanosecond electron beam

The irradiation exposure experiments were carried out by means of the pulsed repetitive nanosecond accelerator URT-0.5 (electron energy of up to 500 keV, a pulse width of 50 ns, pulse repetition rate of up to 200pps). The determination of the distribution of the absorbed dose (AD) in the depth in the polyethylene was conducted by a gray wedge. The measurement of the electron beam AD on the surface of the shell (removed from the eggs) and under the shell, as well as beneath the absorber layer (polyethylene 80 microns thick) was also performed by the film dosimeter. Thermoluminescent dosimeters, TLD-500, were used to determine the distribution of the bremsstrahlung AD inside chicken eggs. These results lead to the conclusion that the irradiation of an electron beam with the AD level of 5 kGy is sufficient for complete disinfection on the surface of an egg. The AD inside of it will not exceed 8 cGy because of bremsstrahlung. © RAD Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved

Analysis of radiation effects on chicken eggs and meat irradiated by nanosecond electron beams

Chicken and eggs are considered the most common product in the world. Microorganisms on the surface and inside these food products reduce the shelf life and may be the causative agents of the disease among consumers. To solve this problem various methods of thermal and chemical treatment are used, which have several disadvantages. Radiation processing is a modern method of suppressing contamination of bacteria and increasing the shelf life of food products. Unfortunately, this technology has a negative effect on the physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of the product. Therefore, for food and hatching eggs the dose level is limited about 3 kGy. However to solve this problem it is possible to use a low-energy electron beam. This approach allows irradiating with a disinfecting dose only the surface and a shallow depth of products. Experiments on the irradiation of chicken meat and eggs were carried out at the accelerators URT-0.5 and URT-1. Studying the effect of irradiation with a nanosecond electron beam (NEB) on edible chicken eggs showed no significant changes in the eggs structure and physico-chemical properties. This is primarily due to the low depth of electron penetration. Therefore, most of the product is not irradiated by electrons. Thus, irradiation using the URT accelerators will reduce the main problem of the food radiation technology. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 16-16-04038Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 16-16-04038. The authors would like to thank Balezin M.E for irradiation the samples

Dosimetry Technologies Used in Radiation Treatment of Food Products

Радиационные технологии широко используются на предприятиях пищевой и сельскохозяйственной промышленности. В связи с этим существует необходимость проведения контроля используемых доз для обработки продукции. В зависимости от потребности возможно выбирать оптимальные типы дозиметрических систем. В настоящей работе проведен обзор применяемых в современной практике дозиметрических систем. Проведенный обзор позволяет определить оптимальные типы детекторов для использования в технологических процессах радиационной обработки продукции.Radiation technologies are widely used in the food and agricultural industries. In this regard, there is a need to monitor the doses used for processing products. Depending on the need, it is possible to choose the optimal types of dosimetric systems. In this paper, a review of dosimetric systems used in modern practice is carried out. The conducted review makes it possible to determine the optimal types of detectors for use in technological processes of radiation treatment of products

Physicochemical characterization and antioxidant properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles

Studies of the biological activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) show that this compound exhibits antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial and antiviral properties. The CONPs were obtained by pulsed electron evaporation in a low-pressure gas with a specific surface area of ∼ 190 m 2 /g. Strongly-noequilibrium conditions of synthesis led to the formation of high defect structures, which makes it possible to change the Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ ions ratio and, consequently, to enhance the level of their biological activity. To analyze the content of cerium with different valences, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was performed. To determine the enzyme-like activity of CONPs, a chemical analysis of the interaction with hydrogen peroxide was carried out on a spectrophotometer. The results show a significant presence of Ce 3+ in CONPs and the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The valence of the cerium atoms determines the chemical activity of CONPs; thus, in a more alkaline medium, the CONPs decrease the ROS concentration, while in the acidic medium its activity diminishes. By varying the parameters of the nanopowders obtained and achieving the optimum Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ ratio, one can produce CONPs having properties which enable the creation of pharmaceuticals for protection against ROS or for combating tumors, viruses and bacteria. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science Foundation project [16-16-04038]

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND ORGANOLEPTIC VARIABLES OF POULTRY EGGS TO IRRADIATION BY HIGH AND LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM

The use of radiation treatment of chicken eggs to extend the shelf life. The irradiation was carried out with an electron beam dose in the range of 1-10 kGy. The analysis was carried out by evaluating the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the irradiated and control samples

The use of nanosecond electron beam for the eggs surface disinfection in industrial poultry

Development of the technology bases of egg disinfection using surface irradiation is executed by the nanosecond electron beam. Experiments on shell eggs irradiation using the frequency nanosecond URT-0.5 accelerator were made. Determination of absorbed dose distributionwas executed. In case of irradiation by the electron beam with absorbed dose level 5 kGy, it is enough for the full disinfection of the surface and pores of egg shell. The absorbed dose in the egg at the expense of bremsstrahlung will not exceed 0.08 Gy which can't have essential action on protein. Irradiation of shell eggs batch in plastic package of 100 pieces pledged in an incubator together with an inspection lot of not irradiated egg was made. The percent of eggs deductibility and chickens survival of pilot and control batches were identical, indicating that there was no significant radio biological effect from irradiation of egg internal structures. The received chickens were grown up within the 5 weeks. It is established that the chickens who are grown up from the irradiated egg have no essential differences in development. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science No. 16-16-04038)

Investigation of the Radiation-Induced EPR Signal in Compound Feed after Radiation Processing

The radiation-induced EPR signal in compound feed was research after irradiation in different time. The general form of the EPR signal is presented. The EPR spectra has a complex shape, and the central peak has a dose dependence

Investigation of the Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Treatment of Poultry Products by Electrophysical Methods

Improved methods of processing food and agricultural products make it possible to achieve an optimal effect at an acceptable level of its quality. In radiobiology, Methods of synergistic effect of two factors are widespread, in particular, the combination of treatment with ionizing radiation (IR), UV and plasma. The use of these methods in the production cycle can significantly improve processing efficiency. In the present work were treated combined feeds of ‘PK-5’ and ‘PK-6’ in order to investigate the synergistic effect of IR treatment and high pressure gas discharge plasma (HP GDP) radiation. As the source of IR was used the nanosecond electron beam (NEB) of the accelerator URT-1 (1 Mev). To create the HP GDP was used a high-voltage nanosecond generator GVI-150 (150 kV). The obtained results indicate the presence of a synergistic effect of the combined effects of plasma radiation and NEB. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

THE EFFECT OF LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF STARCH AND REDUCING SUGARS OF WHEAT

The properties of search in what were studied after irradiation with low-energy electron beam (LEEB) doses of 3, 6 and 10 kGy. The results of the iodine starch test and the optical density spectrum of samples showed a lower effect on the starch content when irradiated with LEEB

Evaluation of 3d Printing Materials as Tissue Equivalent Materials for Phantom Manufacturing

Развитие технологии 3D-печати стимулирует активный поиск новых способов ее применения. Создание фантомов с помощью 3D-принтера – одно из перспективных направлений. Такой подход позволит проводить более точный и индивидуальный дозиметрический контроль перед прохождением курса лучевой терапии. Основная цель этого исследования - изучить тканеэквивалентность пластиков, применяемых в 3D печати. Массовый коэффициент ослабления фотонного излучения был определен на основе химического состава путем расчета в базе данных XCom, которая представлена и поддерживается национальным институтом стандартов и технологий (NIST). Затем был осуществлен расчет линейных коэффициентов ослабления. Сравнение линейных коэффициентов ослабления проводилось с 4 тканями человека (печень, кожа, почки и грудь). Численные значения ослабления фотонного излучения тканями были получены из отчета №44 Международной комиссии по радиационным единицам и измерениям (report №44 ICRU). Среднее отношение пластик / ткань было рассчитано для выбранного диапазона энергий (10–150 кэВ). На основании экспериментальных данных получено, что наиболее тканеэквивалентным пластиком из рассмотренных является PETG. Наилучшее соответствие наблюдается с почкой и кожей. Это исследование показывает, что существующие материалы, используемые в 3D-печати, можно использовать для создания индивидуальных фантомов.The development of 3D printing technology stimulates an active search for new methods of its application. Creating phantoms using a 3D printer is one of the promising areas. This will allow for more accurate and individual dosimetric monitoring during radiation therapy. The purpose of this work is to study the tissue equivalence of plastics used in 3D printing. The mass attenuation coefficient was determined based on chemical composition by calculation in the XCom database, which is presented and maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Then the linear attenuation factors were calculated. Linear attenuation coefficients were compared with 4 human tissues (liver, skin, kidney, and breast). Tissue attenuation values for photon radiation were obtained from International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements report №44 (ICRU report №44). The average plastic / tissue ratio was calculated for the selected energy range (10–150 keV). Based on experimental data, it was found that PETG plastic is the best for imitating kidney and skin. This study shows that existing materials used in 3D printing can be used to create customized phantoms