183 research outputs found
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic Evaluation of Sealer Penetration in Root Canals of Teeth with the butterfly and Non-butterfly Effect: An In vitro Study
AIM: The study aimed to investigate the penetration depth of calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealer into buccolingual and mesiodistal aspects of roots with and without the butterfly effect at coronal and middle root sections.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty single-rooted maxillary premolars were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and viewed under a light microscope and grouped as Group 1 – butterfly (B) and Group 2 – non-butterfly according to the presence or absence of the effect. Canals were prepared till working length followed with copious irrigation. Canals were finally rinsed with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution and activated using EndoActivator followed by obturation using gutta-percha (warm vertical compaction technique) with Sealapex sealer. To provide fluorescence for confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), the Sealapex was mixed with rhodamine B dye. Root sectioning yielded coronal and middle sections. CLSM was used to assess the penetration of the sealer.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Shapiro–Wilk test, unpaired “t-test.”
RESULTS: Teeth with the butterfly effect had greater mean penetration buccolingually (905.2 ÎĽm) than mesiodistally (182.1 ÎĽm; p < 0.001). Coronal sections had greater penetration (517.4 ÎĽm) compared with the middle (354.6 ÎĽm).
CONCLUSION: Sealapex sealer exhibited maximum tubular penetration in teeth with butterfly effect in buccolingual direction at the coronal third level
IL RUOLO DEI PUNTI VENDITA COME STRUMENTO DI IMMAGINE DI MARCA NEL MERCATO CINESE
Preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are major obstetric health problems. Higher levels of T-helper (Th) 1 (proinflammatory) cytokines have been observed in pregnancies complicated with PE and IUGR; this is in contrast to the predominant Th2 (anti-inflammatory) cytokine environment found in uncomplicated pregnancies. Myostatin is best known as a negative regulator of muscle development and reportedly has a role in fat deposition, glucose metabolism, and cytokine modulation (outside the placenta). Myostatin concentrations in plasma and protein expression in placental tissue are significantly higher in women with PE. Expression of myostatin in IUGR and PE-IUGR and the effect of this protein on the cytokine production from the placenta is unknown. In the current study, significant differences were identified in the expression of myostatin in pregnancies complicated with IUGR, PE, and PE with IUGR. Furthermore, cytokine production by first-trimester placental tissues was altered following myostatin treatment.</p
Working with Young People Who Offend : An Examination of the Literature Regarding Violence, Substance Misuse and Harmful Sexual Behaviour
This paper presents a review of the recent literature relating to effective practice with young people displaying harmful sexual behaviour (HSB), violence or risky substance misuse. The intention is to build upon and update the 2007 literature review Research and practice in risk assessment and risk management of children and young people engaging in offending behaviour, funded by the Risk Management Authority (RMA) and carried out by the Scottish Centre for Crime and Justice Research (SCCJR)
Tracking Target Signal Strengths on a Grid using Sparsity
Multi-target tracking is mainly challenged by the nonlinearity present in the
measurement equation, and the difficulty in fast and accurate data association.
To overcome these challenges, the present paper introduces a grid-based model
in which the state captures target signal strengths on a known spatial grid
(TSSG). This model leads to \emph{linear} state and measurement equations,
which bypass data association and can afford state estimation via
sparsity-aware Kalman filtering (KF). Leveraging the grid-induced sparsity of
the novel model, two types of sparsity-cognizant TSSG-KF trackers are
developed: one effects sparsity through -norm regularization, and the
other invokes sparsity as an extra measurement. Iterative extended KF and
Gauss-Newton algorithms are developed for reduced-complexity tracking, along
with accurate error covariance updates for assessing performance of the
resultant sparsity-aware state estimators. Based on TSSG state estimates, more
informative target position and track estimates can be obtained in a follow-up
step, ensuring that track association and position estimation errors do not
propagate back into TSSG state estimates. The novel TSSG trackers do not
require knowing the number of targets or their signal strengths, and exhibit
considerably lower complexity than the benchmark hidden Markov model filter,
especially for a large number of targets. Numerical simulations demonstrate
that sparsity-cognizant trackers enjoy improved root mean-square error
performance at reduced complexity when compared to their sparsity-agnostic
counterparts.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Trans. on Signal Processin
Welwitindolinone C synthetic studies. Construction of the welwitindolinone carbon skeleton via a transannular nitrone cycloaddition
Described is the construction of the N-methylwelwitindolinone C core via an efficient strategy that employs a sequential rhodium carbenoid-mediated O–H insertion, Claisen rearrangement and transannular [3+2] nitrone cycloaddition
Acid-base disorders in critically ill neonates
Objective: To study acid-base imbalance in common pediatric diseases
(such as sepsis, bronchopneumonia, diarrhea, birth-asphyxia etc.) in
neonates. Design and Setting: An observational study was conducted in
an emergency room of a tertiary teaching care hospital in Haryana,
India. Patients and Methods: Fifty neonates (from first hour to one
month) attending pediatric emergency services with various ailments.
Blood gas analysis, electrolytes, plasma lactate, and plasma albumin
were estimated in neonates. Results: Metabolic acidosis was the most
common acid-base disorder. Hyperlactatemia was observed in more than
half of such cases. Birth asphyxia was another common disorder with the
highest mortality in neonates followed by bronchopneumonia and sepsis.
Significant correlation between mortality and critical values of
lactate was observed. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia with high-lactate
levels in neonates constituted major alterations in acid-base disorders
seen in an emergency room of a tertiary teaching care hospital. Plasma
lactate concentration measurement provides an invaluable tool to assess
type of metabolic acidosis in addition to predicting mortality in these
neonates
Acid-base disorders in critically ill neonates
Objective: To study acid-base imbalance in common pediatric diseases
(such as sepsis, bronchopneumonia, diarrhea, birth-asphyxia etc.) in
neonates. Design and Setting: An observational study was conducted in
an emergency room of a tertiary teaching care hospital in Haryana,
India. Patients and Methods: Fifty neonates (from first hour to one
month) attending pediatric emergency services with various ailments.
Blood gas analysis, electrolytes, plasma lactate, and plasma albumin
were estimated in neonates. Results: Metabolic acidosis was the most
common acid-base disorder. Hyperlactatemia was observed in more than
half of such cases. Birth asphyxia was another common disorder with the
highest mortality in neonates followed by bronchopneumonia and sepsis.
Significant correlation between mortality and critical values of
lactate was observed. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia with high-lactate
levels in neonates constituted major alterations in acid-base disorders
seen in an emergency room of a tertiary teaching care hospital. Plasma
lactate concentration measurement provides an invaluable tool to assess
type of metabolic acidosis in addition to predicting mortality in these
neonates
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