The Orion Protostellar Explosion and Runaway Stars Revisited : Stellar Masses, Disk Retention, and an Outflow from the Becklin-Neugebauer Object

© 2020 The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.The proper motions of the three stars ejected from Orion's OMC1 cloud core are combined with the requirement that their center of mass is gravitationally bound to OMC1 to show that radio source I (Src I) is likely to have a mass around 15 M o˙ consistent with recent measurements. Src I, the star with the smallest proper motion, is suspected to be either an astronomical-unit-scale binary or a protostellar merger remnant produced by a dynamic interaction ∼550 yr ago. Near-infrared 2.2 μm images spanning ∼21 yr confirm the ∼55 km s -1 motion of "source x" (Src x) away from the site of stellar ejection and point of origin of the explosive OMC1 protostellar outflow. The radial velocities and masses of the Becklin-Neugebauer (BN) object and Src I constrain the radial velocity of Src x to be. Several high proper-motion radio sources near BN, including Zapata 11 ([ZRK2004] 11) and a diffuse source near IRc 23, may trace a slow bipolar outflow from BN. The massive disk around Src I is likely the surviving portion of a disk that existed prior to the stellar ejection. Though highly perturbed, shocked, and reoriented by the N-body interaction, enough time has elapsed to allow the disk to relax with its spin axis roughly orthogonal to the proper motion.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Catalan-many tropical morphisms to trees; Part I: Constructions

We investigate the tree gonality of a genus-$g$ metric graph, defined as the minimum degree of a tropical morphism from any tropical modification of the metric graph to a metric tree. We give a combinatorial constructive proof that this number is at most $\lceil g/2 \rceil + 1$, a fact whose proofs so far required an algebro-geometric detour via special divisors on curves. For even genus, the tropical morphism which realizes the bound belongs to a family of tropical morphisms that is pure of dimension $3g-3$ and that has a generically finite-to-one map onto the moduli space of genus-$g$ metric graphs. Our methods focus on the study of such families. This is part I in a series of two papers: in part I we fix the combinatorial type of the metric graph, while in part II we vary the combinatorial type and show that the number of tropical morphisms, counted with suitable multiplicities, is the same Catalan number that counts morphisms from a genus-$g$ curve to the projective line.Comment: 54 pages, 38 figures. Second version with improved exposition and new example

Monetary Transmission Mechanism in the Philippines: A VAR Approach

It is necessary for policy makers to understand how the monetary policy is transmitted to the economy through different channels. This study focused on the reduced-form relationships between money, real output and price level and “channel” variables such as domestic credit, exchange rate and real lending interest rate and examined the monetary transmission mechanism in the Philippines, using the vector autoregression approach (VAR). The results derived from the forecast error variance decompositions analyses show that the main sources of variances in output and price level are their “own” shocks. The results of the impulse response functions indicate that monetary policy can affect output and price level and that the effect of monetary policy on output was strongest after two quarters. An expansionary monetary policy increases output in two quarters however; it has a weak effect on price level after two quarters. Furthermore, domestic credit has the most significant effect on output in the Philippines. Theories in monetary economics suggest that an expansionary monetary policy increases output and price level however, in the case of the Philippines, an expansionary monetary policy increases output but have a weak effect on inflation

Philippine Rural Finance: Innovations and Current Issues

Obtaining loans from Philippine banks is difficult and government support to credit was inadequate. The overall rural sector in the Philippines needs better access to credit since it could enhance their livelihood by means of expanding their agricultural activities. Farmers must also be encouraged to use high yielding inputs such as seeds, farm mechanization equipment and other harvesting and planting equipment in order to improve the quality and quantity of output. This could improve the loan repayment rates on the part of the farmers. More competition and not government subsidies to individuals or institutions is the key on having an efficient, sustainable and forward-looking rural finance sector

From downtown to the outskirts: A radio survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.We present a newly enlarged census of the compact radio population towards the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) using high-sensitivity continuum maps (3-10 μ Jy beam-1) from a total of ∼30-h centimetre-wavelength observations over an area of ∼20 × 20 arcmin2 obtained in the C-band (4-8 GHz) with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its high-resolution A-configuration. We thus complement our previous deep survey of the innermost areas of the ONC, now covering the field of view of the Chandra Orion Ultra-deep Project (COUP). Our catalogue contains 521 compact radio sources of which 198 are new detections. Overall, we find that 17 per cent of the (mostly stellar) COUP sources have radio counterparts, while 53 per cent of the radio sources have COUP counterparts. Most notably, the radio detection fraction of X-ray sources is higher in the inner cluster and almost constant for r > 3 arcmin (0.36 pc) from θ1 Ori C, suggesting a correlation between the radio emission mechanism of these sources and their distance from the most massive stars at the centre of the cluster, e.g. due to increased photoionisation of circumstellar discs. The combination with our previous observations 4 yr prior lead to the discovery of fast proper motions of up to ∼373 km s-1 from faint radio sources associated with ejecta of the OMC1 explosion. Finally, we search for strong radio variability. We found changes in flux density by a factor of ≲5 within our observations and a few sources with changes by a factor >10 on long time-scales of a few years.Peer reviewe

Estudio de la influencia del porcentaje de arcilla en la calidad de las briquetas de hojas de caña de azúcar mediante ensayos físicos y térmicos

En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados de la calificación en la calidad de briquetas de hojas de caña de azúcar (HCA) por medio de ensayos físicos y térmicos, para distintas formulaciones elaboradas, siendo la variable el porcentaje de arcilla en un rango de [0-15%]. En primer lugar se procedió a clasificar las HCA dentro de la biomasa, para de esta manera estimar sus características físico-químicas, con el fin de predecir su comportamiento como combustible en un proceso de conversión energética. Luego se identificaron las técnicas y procesos para la elaboración de densificados a baja presión, realizando una breve descripción de los densificados y los factores que intervienen en su proceso. Seguidamente se relaciona la densificación con el proceso de aglomeración, ya que en este se evalúan y se relacionan los enlaces formados por los aglutinantes (arcilla y fécula), con los resultados obtenidos en la caracterización de las distintas formulaciones. Además, se mencionan los ensayos de evaluación de briquetas, los cuales permiten evaluar la calidad de las briquetas elaboradas. En el desarrollo de la parte experimental, se realizó tanto una caracterización física y química de la HCA, lo que permitió establecer una serie de pre-tratamientos, los cuales consistían en la reducción granulométrica de la HCA y un proceso intermedio de lavado el cual permitió reducir los índices de álcalis de las HCA y evitar problemas operacionales como la corrosión, incrustaciones (fouling) y las escorias (slagging). Una vez finalizado los pre-tratamientos, se procedió a realizar las 4 formulaciones de briquetas, siendo la estructura la siguiente: 75% HCA y 25% aglutinante (arcilla y fécula), del cual se varió el porcentaje de arcilla en [0 – 5 – 10 – 15%]. Para ello se realizó el proceso de densificado a baja presión utilizando una briqueteadora manual con una presión de trabajo de 150 bares. Una vez obtenida la briqueta se realizó el secado de la misma durante 4 horas utilizando un horno eléctrico a 90ºC. Por último, se realizaron los ensayos de resistencia a la compresión, impacto, esponjamiento y de combustión. De los cuales se obtuvo como resultado final, un promedio de las características que presentaba cada formulación en los ensayos descritos. A medida que se incrementa el porcentaje de arcilla como aglutinante en la mezcla, la calidad de la briqueta disminuye, obteniéndose como resultado briquetas con menor calidad y resistencia.Tesi

Challenges and opportunities of applying natural language processing in business process management

The Business Process Management (BPM) field focuses in the coordination of labor so that organizational processes are smoothly executed in a way that products and services are properly delivered. At the same time, NLP has reached a maturity level that enables its widespread application in many contexts, thanks to publicly available frameworks. In this position paper, we show how NLP has potential in raising the benefits of BPM practices at different levels. Instead of being exhaustive, we show selected key challenges were a successful application of NLP techniques would facilitate the automation of particular tasks that nowadays require a significant effort to accomplish. Finally, we report on applications that consider both the process perspective and its enhancement through NLP.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Web tool railway museum

Treball desenvolupat dins el marc del programa 'European Project Semester' i l'"International Design Project Semester".This project is a product of collaboration between the EPS students at EPSEVG and Catalonia Railway Museum. The goal was to create a web tool, test it and launch it. The aim of the web tool is to facilitate the communication between railway museums on a global level. A need for such a tool is present because at the moment there is no existing platform for a fast, private and simple communication between railway museums. The web tool functions like a forum, the message board will enable the possibility to have discussions, group chats and other functions that can be expected in a forum. AngularJS, as the backend framework, and Lumen, for the backend, were used to develop the web tool. The code is documented well, to make sure that next developers have an easy start and are able to implement new features quickly. Since this is a forum that will be used by colleagues on an international level the main language will be English, with a possibility to translate it to any other language. The web tool gets translated by the Google translate widget, owned and powered by Google. Before the launching of the web tool a user survey was complete. The test persons included museum personnel, students, usability professors, family and friends. After a mostly positive feedback, few corrections were made before the web tool, with the name "Elephorum", was launched

Integración de espacios comerciales, recreacionales y culturales: Mercado minorista en el distrito de Breña, Lima, Perú

El tema propuesto es un proyecto de integración de espacios comerciales, recreacionales y culturales, para lo cual se propone un mercado minorista que presente interacción y armonía con estos espacios mencionados. El proyecto se encuentra localizado en una zona de bastante flujo comercial en el distrito de Breña, es por ello que en el entorno inmediato se han generado diferentes tipos de comercio informales que atienden las necesidades de la población del mismo distrito, así como también la de distritos aledaños. La gran mayoría de mercados en la ciudad de Lima solo cumplen la función de satisfacer las necesidades básicas de alimentos para la población. Al ser un lugar de interacción cotidiana entre la población, el mercado necesita espacios donde la gente pueda realizar actividades culturales y de recreación. Actualmente el distrito de Breña presenta el menor porcentaje de superficie de área verde por habitante a nivel de Lima Metropolitana con 0.7m2 por habitante (PLAM 2035), en consecuencia, en la zona hay muy poca presencia de lugares de esparcimiento, es por ello que en el presente proyecto se busca innovar en la zona con la interacción entre el comercio del mercado y las actividades culturales y de recreación

Time course of endothelial damage in septic shock: prediction of outcome

INTRODUCTION: Endothelial damage accounts greatly for the high mortality in septic shock. Higher expression of mediators (IL-6, IL-8, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [sICAM-1], soluble endothelial-linked adhesion molecule 1 [sELAM-1]) have been described for non-survivors in comparison with survivors. We investigated the predictive value of the mediators IL-6, IL-8, sELAM-1 and sICAM-1 and their time course in intensive care unit patients who developed septic shock with respect to outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, sELAM-1 and sICAM-1 in 40 intensive care unit patients who developed septic shock. Measurements were performed until death or until resolution of septic shock. Clinical and laboratory data were also recorded. RESULTS: After 48 hours the levels of sELAM-1 and sICAM-1 increased in non-survivors and decreased in survivors. sELAM-1 was predictive for outcome on the third day (P = 0.02) and the fourth day (P = 0.02) after diagnosis of septic shock. This difference in the time course between survivors and non-survivors occurred 7 days before death of the patients (median, 10 days). sICAM-1 levels increased significantly in non-survivors over the study period (P < 0.001). sELAM-1 (P = 0.04), IL-6 (P = 0.04) and IL-8 (P = 0.008) were significantly higher in non-survivors over the whole study period. The age and norepinephrine dose >0.5 μg/kg/min were significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: sELAM-1 showed a markedly opposing course after 48 hours of septic shock. This adhesion molecule may be a useful early predictor of disease severity in the course of septic shock after early initial treatment of the patients, and might suggest considering endothelial-restoring therapy