Revisiting FUSE O VI Emission in Galaxy Halos

A significant fraction of baryons in galaxies are in the form of diffuse gas of the circumgalactic medium (CGM). One critical component of the multi-phases of CGM, the so-called "coronal" warm-hot phase gas ($\rm 10^{5}-10^{6}$ K) traced by O VI 1031.93, 1037.62 \r{A} resonance lines, has rarely been detected in emission from galaxy halos other than Milky Way. Here we report four additional detections of O VI emission gas in the halos of nearby edge-on galaxies, NGC 4631 and NGC 891, using archival Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer data and an updated data pipeline. We find the most intense O VI emission to be from fields forming a vertical line near the center of NGC 4631, despite the close proximity to the disk of two other fields. The detected O VI emission surface brightness are about 1.1$\pm 0.3$ $\times$ $10^{-18}$ to 3.9$\pm0.8$ $\times$ $10^{-18}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$. The spatial distribution of the five 30" $\times$ 30" O VI detection fields in NGC 4631 can be interpreted as the existence of filamentary structures of more intense O VI emission superimposed within a diffuse and faint O VI halo in star-forming galaxies. Volume-filled O VI emission mapping is greatly needed to determine the structure and prevalence of warm-hot gas and the role it plays in the cycling of gas between the galaxy disk and the halo. Finally, we present the sensitivity of future funded and proposed UV missions (LUVOIR-A, LUVOIR-B, CETUS, and Aspera) to the detection of diffuse and faint O VI emission in nearby galaxy halos.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Effect of Sunflower and Marine Oils on Ruminal Microbiota, In vitro Fermentation and Digesta Fatty Acid Profile

Funding This work has been funded by Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León (research project LE007A07). Acknowledgments We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI). Support received from CICYT project AGL2005-04760-C02-02 is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Letter from the editor

At the end of the 2016 and early 2017, Earth Sciences Research Journal wants to thank you for making this project a successful journal. Four numbers in one year were our principal milestone for 2016. In total, we issued 44 papers expecting to sum our efforts in the Earth Sciences' state of the art. Comparing to recent years, we have increased our figures in publishing and citation close to the 200 percent. For 2017, the commitment is the same: hard-working for the best of your papers and the journal. As part of our mission, we'd like to make a brief list of the highlighted events for 2017 around the world on geophysics and geology, as invitation letter to pay attention them. For March is scheduled in Cyprus the Fifth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geo-Information of the Environment. The conference sessions and workshops include presentations regarding the state-of-the-art methods and innovative projects in various areas of remote sensing and geoinformation. One of the most important meetings in the field will be celebrated in April, the Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention and Exhibition 2017, in Houston. The AAPG is positioned to attract a focused audience of geoscience professionals. The event has an average of 6900 global attendees from 78 countries over the las five years, according to organizers reports. Same on April is scheduled the European Geoscience Union (EGU) General Assembly, in Viena, Austria. The EGU aims to provide a forum where scientists, especially early career researchers, can present their work and discuss their ideas with experts in all fields of geoscience.In Calgary, Canada, between 15 and 19 May 2017, will take place the GeoConvention. The event expects going beyond the traditional technical sessions, GeoConvention 2017 will take a holistic approach to a vast spectrum of topics including financial market and long-term strategy, infrastructures, regulations, safety and environmental protection, among others.For those how are students with innovation ideas, Paris will be the host of the European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers 79 Conference, Student Programme. Organizers are expecting 6000 experts attending, more than 1000 presentations in facilities over the 11.000 square meters.For September 2017, in Australia, will be held the 18th Annual Conference of International Association for Mathematical Geosciences. The meeting will provide a venue for the presentation of research and developments in mathematical geosciences in the form of oral and poster presentations, in the historic port city of Fremantle in Western Australia.In October is expected the joint meeting of the International Sedimentological Association (IAS) and the Association des Sédimentologistes Français (ASF). This event will bring the opportunity to gather the sedimentological and associated geological research communities to share experiences, to discuss new challenges, and to stimulate future rewarding collaborations.In Turkey, a country from many papers are coming from to Earth Sciences Research Journal, will celebrate the Fourth International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, on October. The principal aim of the conference is to bring all national and international researchers within the earthquake engineering and seismology disciplines together and to facilitate their participation in a scientific environment.In this same month will be celebrated the American Association of Petroleum Geologists International Conference and Exhibition 2017, in London, and The Geological Society of America (GSA) 2017 Annual Meeting, in Seattle, the United States.We hope all this information is usable for you and expect the papers we are presenting can attract your attention. Our next volume will be ready soon

The State of Latino Health and Mental Health

The Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños/Hunter College and Fordham University Graduate School of Social Service collaborated on this report to review the health and mental health status of Latinos/as. This analysis integrates national and local statistics from published reports and scholarly articles. Based on the analysis of Hispanic health and mental health, the authors have generated a set of recommendations for policies targeting the health and mental health needs of Latinos/as and promoting their overall well-being. Aside from these specific recommendations, they call for more disaggregated data collection about Hispanic subgroups

Letter from the editor

Times of change wind this year for Earth Sciences Research Journal. The hard work of the last years have resulted in a significant advance for this journal, and now we want to announce our four volumes to be published since 2016 every year. The objective of being a top-quality journal is in the North of our compass, and it will be inspiring the daily work of the people making this publication possible.Several conferences have called our journal for special issues, and we expect to fit into their requests to keep providing the users with novel contents in the earth sciences field. In this open-access issuing, there is room for all scientific papers looking for a worldwide site to publish.But not only in Earth Sciences Research Journal challenge winds are moving the kite. The petroleum market in the world is facing one of the most critical times of the history, playing on an unexpected stage where no many actors were ready for. Management of resources are in the spotlight of the political world; energy and water, as well as the environment, turned into subjects of the first line. Fracking has resulted in thousands of discussions inside and outside of the academic world.We want to encourage everyone involved in the scientific research on earth sciences to submit us their papers. Nowadays, we substantially revised every one of the works sent and pay strict attention to the review processes, reducing periods and improving experiences of authors in the editorial world. We intend to collaborate with other professional organizations interested in geology scientific communication. Find in the ESRJ a friendly hand to work with.For the volume 20, number 1, we are presenting 18 selected papers in different areas of study; original contents we hope will be of your complete usability. Comments, claims, and suggestions are always welcomed in Earth Sciences Research Journal through the mail account [email protected] for reading and submitting valuable scientific papers

Letter from the editor

At the end of the 2016 and early 2017, Earth Sciences Research Journal wants to thank you for making this project a successful journal. Four numbers in one year were our principal milestone for 2016. In total, we issued 44 papers expecting to sum our efforts in the Earth Sciences' state of the art. Comparing to recent years, we have increased our figures in publishing and citation close to the 200 percent. For 2017, the commitment is the same: hard-working for the best of your papers and the journal. As part of our mission, we'd like to make a brief list of the highlighted events for 2017 around the world on geophysics and geology, as invitation letter to pay attention them. For March is scheduled in Cyprus the Fifth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geo-Information of the Environment. The conference sessions and workshops include presentations regarding the state-of-the-art methods and innovative projects in various areas of remote sensing and geoinformation. One of the most important meetings in the field will be celebrated in April, the Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention and Exhibition 2017, in Houston. The AAPG is positioned to attract a focused audience of geoscience professionals. The event has an average of 6900 global attendees from 78 countries over the las five years, according to organizers reports. Same on April is scheduled the European Geoscience Union (EGU) General Assembly, in Viena, Austria. The EGU aims to provide a forum where scientists, especially early career researchers, can present their work and discuss their ideas with experts in all fields of geoscience.In Calgary, Canada, between 15 and 19 May 2017, will take place the GeoConvention. The event expects going beyond the traditional technical sessions, GeoConvention 2017 will take a holistic approach to a vast spectrum of topics including financial market and long-term strategy, infrastructures, regulations, safety and environmental protection, among others.For those how are students with innovation ideas, Paris will be the host of the European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers 79 Conference, Student Programme. Organizers are expecting 6000 experts attending, more than 1000 presentations in facilities over the 11.000 square meters.For September 2017, in Australia, will be held the 18th Annual Conference of International Association for Mathematical Geosciences. The meeting will provide a venue for the presentation of research and developments in mathematical geosciences in the form of oral and poster presentations, in the historic port city of Fremantle in Western Australia.In October is expected the joint meeting of the International Sedimentological Association (IAS) and the Association des Sédimentologistes Français (ASF). This event will bring the opportunity to gather the sedimentological and associated geological research communities to share experiences, to discuss new challenges, and to stimulate future rewarding collaborations.In Turkey, a country from many papers are coming from to Earth Sciences Research Journal, will celebrate the Fourth International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, on October. The principal aim of the conference is to bring all national and international researchers within the earthquake engineering and seismology disciplines together and to facilitate their participation in a scientific environment.In this same month will be celebrated the American Association of Petroleum Geologists International Conference and Exhibition 2017, in London, and The Geological Society of America (GSA) 2017 Annual Meeting, in Seattle, the United States.We hope all this information is usable for you and expect the papers we are presenting can attract your attention. Our next volume will be ready soon

Letter from the editor

The Earth Sciences Research Journal volume 20, number 3, with eight high-quality scientific articles, is now available online for all our readers, all the related scientific community.  The publishing committee has decided to increase to four the numbers issued per year starting 2016. That will be just possible with your support.This time we want to call the attention to the necessary balance between good judgment and environmentalism.Just for a different way of thinking about environment and management resources, some self-proclaimed environmentalists take a right for pointing out, for blocking those aimed at development or exploiting resources. Their origin is located in Germany during the 60's with the Vorsorgeprinzip, or the Precautionary Principle. Green activists depict themselves as victims of economic empires of Government's neglected policies to turn into persecutors over development, competitivity, and innovation plans. As it was recently stated by the Social Issues Research Centre, this principle poses of a harmless policy. Is not our right to be protected when the unscrupulous science is applied, especially when the environment and our lives are at risk? But the use of the principle goes beyond the protection of known or foreseen risks. This principle has been recalled to block plans with just little risks - which will be balanced out thanks to the reached advantages. The precautionary doctrine is claimed whenever the little risk perception appears, no matter if the actions to take are necessary to allow future benefits.Thousands of cases around the world would be checked. Not only in mining or petroleum exploitation but genetically modified food, technology gadgets, fracking. This principle is a serious obstacle for the rational analysis. If the risk can not be demonstrated, the Vorsorgeprinzip is baseless.The science works assuming the hypothesis can not be probed, but refuted. The evidence and probes are provided to the scientific community, and they will proceed under logic and rational methods; usually, the Precautionary Principle is not an important matter at this stage of the process. But is there when that policy can turn into dangerous. It origins a fanatism, close to a religious belief. The senseless debate shows a society with a limited future, without options. All the progress is neglected for standing up at the "safe place." Our present has been just possible thanks to the bold decisions by some people with the enough vision to calculate the risks by the advantages. The trip to the Moon and the Sun System study, development of communications and treatment to sicknesses have been no possible under the precautionary principle.Our scientific community should pick the good judgment up to allow all the small steps for humanity

Letter from the editor

The Earth Sciences Research Journal volume 20, number 3, with eight high-quality scientific articles, is now available online for all our readers, all the related scientific community.  The publishing committee has decided to increase to four the numbers issued per year starting 2016. That will be just possible with your support.This time we want to call the attention to the necessary balance between good judgment and environmentalism.Just for a different way of thinking about environment and management resources, some self-proclaimed environmentalists take a right for pointing out, for blocking those aimed at development or exploiting resources. Their origin is located in Germany during the 60's with the Vorsorgeprinzip, or the Precautionary Principle. Green activists depict themselves as victims of economic empires of Government's neglected policies to turn into persecutors over development, competitivity, and innovation plans. As it was recently stated by the Social Issues Research Centre, this principle poses of a harmless policy. Is not our right to be protected when the unscrupulous science is applied, especially when the environment and our lives are at risk? But the use of the principle goes beyond the protection of known or foreseen risks. This principle has been recalled to block plans with just little risks - which will be balanced out thanks to the reached advantages. The precautionary doctrine is claimed whenever the little risk perception appears, no matter if the actions to take are necessary to allow future benefits.Thousands of cases around the world would be checked. Not only in mining or petroleum exploitation but genetically modified food, technology gadgets, fracking. This principle is a serious obstacle for the rational analysis. If the risk can not be demonstrated, the Vorsorgeprinzip is baseless.The science works assuming the hypothesis can not be probed, but refuted. The evidence and probes are provided to the scientific community, and they will proceed under logic and rational methods; usually, the Precautionary Principle is not an important matter at this stage of the process. But is there when that policy can turn into dangerous. It origins a fanatism, close to a religious belief. The senseless debate shows a society with a limited future, without options. All the progress is neglected for standing up at the "safe place." Our present has been just possible thanks to the bold decisions by some people with the enough vision to calculate the risks by the advantages. The trip to the Moon and the Sun System study, development of communications and treatment to sicknesses have been no possible under the precautionary principle.Our scientific community should pick the good judgment up to allow all the small steps for humanity

A Fresh Catch of Massive Binaries in the Cygnus OB2 Association

Massive binary stars may constitute a substantial fraction of progenitors to supernovae and gamma-ray bursts, and the distribution of their orbital characteristics holds clues to the formation process of massive stars. As a contribution to securing statistics on OB-type binaries, we report the discovery and orbital parameters for five new systems as part of the Cygnus OB2 Radial Velocity Survey. Four of the new systems (MT070, MT174, MT267, and MT734 (a.k.a. VI Cygni #11) are single-lined spectroscopic binaries while one (MT103) is a double-lined system (B1V+B2V). MT070 is noteworthy as the longest period system yet measured in Cyg OB2, with P=6.2 yr. The other four systems have periods ranging between 4 and 73 days. MT174 is noteworthy for having a probable mass ratio q<0.1, making it a candidate progenitor to a low-mass X-ray binary. These measurements bring the total number of massive binaries in Cyg OB2 to 25, the most currently known in any single cluster or association.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa