Les limbes : Opinions théologiques et croyances populaires au Québec du xviie au xxe siècle

L’hypothèse de l’existence des limbes pour les enfants morts sans baptême a été élaborée au Moyen Âge. Cependant, le dépouillement de tous les catéchismes publiés au Québec, de 1702 à 1952, révèle que c’est en 1895 seulement que ces limbes commencent à être mentionnés dans les manuels des maîtres, et en 1951 dans les petits catéchismes destinés aux enfants. D’autres raisons que la peur des limbes incitaient donc les parents à faire baptiser leurs enfants le plus tôt possible après leur naissance, notamment le désir de les faire enterrer dans le cimetière paroissial et l’espoir de les retrouver dans le ciel.The idea of limbo as a destination for the souls of unbaptised children was first developed in the Middle Ages. However, an examination of catechisms published in Quebec between 1702 and 1952 reveals that it was not until 1895 that limbo began to be mentioned in teachers’ manuals, and it did not figure in the shorter catechisms written for students until 1951. Thus, it was for reasons other than the fear of limbo that parents baptized their children as soon as possible after birth, notably the desire to have them buried in the parish cemetery and the hope of meeting them in heaven

Argulus Chicomendesi Sp. N. (crustacea: Argulidae) Parasita De Peixes Da Amazônia Brasileira.

Uma nova espécie de Branchiura é descrita para o Brasil. Os espécimens foram coletados parasitando peixes da Amazônia brasileira. A nova espécie é caracterizada pela: coloração e desenhos da superfície dorsal da carapaça, tórax e abdômen; presença de espinhos em toda a margem externa da superfície ventral do abdômen (pléon); ornamentações das antenas, antênulas, maxilas, pernas, superfície ventral do corpo; forma e pigmentação das estruturas copulatórias acessórias do macho

Ergasilus turucuyussp. n. (COPEPODA: ERGASILIDAE) from the gills of Acestrorhynchus falcatus(BLOCH, 1794) e A. falcirostris(CUVIER, 1819) (CHARACIFORMES: CHARACIDAE) from Brazilian Amazon

Ergasilus turucuyussp. n. (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Ergasiiidae) is proposed. The specimens were collected from the gill filaments of the freshwater fishes Acestrorhynchus falcatusand A. falcirostrisfrom Pacaás Novos River, Rondônia state, Brazil. The new species has a falciform pectinate seta on the first exopod that indicates relationship to five previously described Amazonian species. This species differs from others in the ornamentation of the legs, antenna, abdominal somites and by having a wider cephalosome.Ergasilus turucuyussp. n. (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Ergasilidae) é proposta. Os espécimens foram coletados dos filamentos branquiais de Acestrorhynchus falcatuse A. falcirostrisdo Rio Pacaás Novos, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil. A nova espécie tem uma seta forte, pectinada e falciforme no primeiro exopodito, indicando uma relação com outras cinco espécies amazônicas. Esta espécie difere das outras na ornamentação das pernas, antenas, somitos abdominais e pela maior largura do cefalossomo

Sazonalidade da fauna de metazoários de pygocentrus nattereri (kner, 1858) no lago piranha (Amazonas, Brasil) e a avaliação de seu potencial como indicadora da saúde do ambiente

The metazoan parasitic fauna of Pygocentrusnattereri collected in different phases of hydrologic cycle of Piranha lake was studied during the year of 2007. The study area is located in gas pipeline Coari-Manaus construction zone, near the municipality of Manacapuru-Am. The relationship between condition factor and parasite occurrence and the viability of use the parasitic fauna as an environmental bio-indicator were verified. The following Monogenoidea were collected: Amphitheciummicrophalum, Amphiteciumbrachycirrum, Amphiteciumcalycinum, Amphitheciumcatalaoensis, Amphitheciumjunki, Pithanotheciumamazonensis e Rhinoxenuspiranhus, as well as the nematode Procamallanusinopinatus, the copepod Miracetyma sp. and the isopod Anphirabranchialis. There was not significant correlation between the parasite occurrence and the condition factor. There were significant variances in the parasitic index according to the different periods of hydrologic cycle and P. nattereri has achieved the conditions described in the literature to be select a fish-host and his parasite fauna as biomonitor

Hysterothylacium larvae (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in the freshwater mussel Diplodon suavidicus (Lea, 1856) (Mollusca, Unioniformes, Hyriidae) in Aripuanã River, Amazon, Brazil

Larvae of Hysterothylacium use various invertebrates as intermediate hosts. Definite hosts include fish, birds, reptiles or marine mammals. This study describes the occurrence of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda, Anisakidae) larvae parasitizing the pericardic cavity of Diplodon suavidicus (Unioniformes, Hyriidae) specimens collected in the Amazon basin, Brazil. This is the first record of this nematode parasitizing freshwater bivalves in South America. The high prevalence, medium intensity and medium abundance suggest that D. suavidicus acts as intermediate host for Hysterothylacium species in that environment. © 2010 Elsevier Inc

Myxobolus insignis sp. n. (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Myxobolidae), a parasite of the Amazonian teleost fish Semaprochilodus insignis (Osteichthyes, Prochilodontidae)

A new myxosporean species is described from the fish Semaprochilodus insignis captured from the Amazon River, near Manaus. Myxobolus insignis sp. n. was located in the gills of the host forming plasmodia inside the secondary gill lamellae. The spores had a thick wall (1.5-2 µm) all around their body, and the valves were symmetrical and smooth. The spores were a little longer than wide, with rounded extremities, in frontal view, and oval in lateral view. They were 14.5 (14-15) µm long by 11.3 (11-12) µm wide and 7.8 (7-8) µm thick. Some spores showed the presence of a triangular thickening of the internal face of the wall near the posterior end of the polar capsules. This thickening could occur in one of the sides of the spore or in both sides. The polar capsules were large and equal in size surpassing the midlength of the spore. They were oval with the posterior extremity rounded, and converging anteriorly with tapered ends. They were 7.6 (7-8) µm long by 4.2 (3-5) µm wide, and the polar filament formed 6 coils slightly obliquely to the axis of the polar capsule. An intercapsular appendix was present. There was no mucous envelope or distinct iodinophilous vacuole

Myxobolus insignis sp. n. (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Myxobolidae), a parasite of the Amazonian teleost fish Semaprochilodus insignis (Osteichthyes, Prochilodontidae)

A new myxosporean species is described from the fish Semaprochilodus insignis captured from the Amazon River, near Manaus. Myxobolus insignis sp. n. was located in the gills of the host forming plasmodia inside the secondary gill lamellae. The spores had a thick wall (1.5-2 µm) all around their body, and the valves were symmetrical and smooth. The spores were a little longer than wide, with rounded extremities, in frontal view, and oval in lateral view. They were 14.5 (14-15) µm long by 11.3 (11-12) µm wide and 7.8 (7-8) µm thick. Some spores showed the presence of a triangular thickening of the internal face of the wall near the posterior end of the polar capsules. This thickening could occur in one of the sides of the spore or in both sides. The polar capsules were large and equal in size surpassing the midlength of the spore. They were oval with the posterior extremity rounded, and converging anteriorly with tapered ends. They were 7.6 (7-8) µm long by 4.2 (3-5) µm wide, and the polar filament formed 6 coils slightly obliquely to the axis of the polar capsule. An intercapsular appendix was present. There was no mucous envelope or distinct iodinophilous vacuole