THE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY FOR SOME TUBULAR REACTORS AND STRESS CONCENTRATION

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the state of stress and the stress concentration in the main critical junctions of a tubular reactor. Additional two numerical analyses were developed to identify the critical junctions of reactor due to the main loads: temperature gradient and internal pressure. One analysis is based on the extension of classical thin shell theory and the flexibility matrix method and the second on the finite element method (FEM), by the package COSMOS/M Designer II. Comparative experimental study based on recording the strains at selected surface positions, for different values of the reaction loads, was done using strain gauges. The analyses reveal a reasonable accuracy of the results and accurate positioning of the critical junctions. The loads are variable, so that the study may give a primary estimation on the fatigue design and analysis

Noncomparabilities & Non Standard Logics

Many normative theories set forth in the welfare economics, distributive justice and cognate literatures posit noncomparabilities or incommensurabilities between magnitudes of various kinds. In some cases these gaps are predicated on metaphysical claims, in others upon epistemic claims, and in still others upon political-moral claims. I show that in all such cases they are best given formal expression in nonstandard logics that reject bivalence, excluded middle, or both. I do so by reference to an illustrative case study: a contradiction known to beset John Rawls\u27s selection and characterization of primary goods as the proper distribuendum in any distributively just society. The contradiction is avoided only by reformulating Rawls\u27s claims in a nonstandard form, which form happens also to cohere quite attractively with Rawls\u27s intuitive argumentation on behalf of his claims

Pseudonocardia hispaniensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from industrial wastewater activated sludge

A novel actinomycete, designated PA3T, was isolated from an oil refinery wastewater treatment plant, located in Palos de la frontera, Huelva, Spain, and characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate formed a distinct subclade in the Pseudonocardia tree together with Pseudonocardia asaccharolytica DSM 44247T. The chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate, for example, the presence of MK-8 (H4) as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C16:0 as the major fatty acid are consistent with its classification in the genus Pseudonocardia. DNA:DNA pairing experiments between the isolate and the type strain of P. asaccharolytica DSM 44247T showed that they belonged to separate genomic species. The two strains were readily distinguished using a combination of phenotypic properties. 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