Institutional Diversity and Capitalist Transformation in Rural Arunachal Pradesh

This paper contributes a preliminary analysis of the process of capitalist transformation in Arunachal Pradesh, one of the least studied regions of India. Primarily based on information collected through a field survey in eleven villages, the paper seeks to explain the nature and implications of institutional unevenness in the development of capitalism. Institutional diversity is not simply mapped across space; it is also manifested in the simultaneous existence of market and non-market institutions across the means of production within the same village or spatial context. In addition there is a continuous and complex interaction among these institutions which both shapes and is shaped by this incipient capitalist transformation. Against the near universal consensus of social theorists that non-market institutional forms and processes would decline with the expansion and consolidation of the capitalist economy, the evidence presented here suggests that institutional adaptation, continuity and hybridity are as much integral to the emergence of the market economy as are the processes of creation of new institutions and demise of others. There is no necessary correspondence between the emerging commercialisation of the different productive dimensions of the agrarian economy. These uneven processes of institutional diversity, hybridity and interdependence are deeply influenced by existing and emerging power relations. Primitive accumulation, which was thought to be an archaic feature of early capitalism, emerges as a continuing characteristic of the on-going agrarian and non-agrarian capitalist transformation.

Time to think beyond sickle cell screening and haemoglobin electrophoresis: a case report and review of literature of sickle cell D-Punjab falsely labelled as sickle cell SS from central India

Sickle cell haemoglobin D disease (D-Punjab) is a rare variant of sickle cell disease (SCD) reported from central India. Exact incidence of pulmonary thrombosis in patients with HbSD is unknown. Pulmonary thrombosis is known complication of SCD but rare in case of HbSD pattern. We reported a case of 34-year-old male patient with HbSD (D-Punjab) with acute chest syndrome (ACS). CT pulmonary angiogram revealed near complete thrombosis of right middle lobe segmental and subsegmental branches with pulmonary infarct. Our patient responded to anticoagulant therapy. This case report is a reminder that HPLC should be done in all patients with sickle cell disease along with solubility test and hemoglobin electrophoresis to detect exact incidence of hemoglobin D disease in central India

Lattice dynamics and specific heat of α‐helical poly(L‐alanine)

We have calculated the phonon dispersion relation in α‐poly(L‐alanine) with all atoms in the chemical repeat explicitly included and using a recently refined force field for the polypeptide chain. The phonon density of states shows very good agreement with the inelastic neutron scattering data for this polypeptide. The specific heat for T<150 K yields better agreement with experiment than did earlier calculations. At higher temperatures the discrepancy with experiment remains. We present a simple model calculation which suggests that the source of this discrepancy may lie in the anharmonicity of the methyl torsion mode.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69884/2/JCPSA6-84-12-6989-1.pd

Identification of Fast Radio Bursts using Transfer Learning Approach with Data Augmentation

The universe has many mysteries, such as pulsars, dying stars, supernovae, and fast radio bursts (FRBs), FRBs are millisecond long radio signals, detected as a spike in radio-telescope data. Identification of Fast Radio Bursts from available data involves manual inspection of exhaustive data/plots. Radio Frequency Interference in pose a major challenge in identification of Fast Radio Bursts due to their abundance in the observatory data. We present a machine-learning-aided system, which screens telescope-generated data and identifies potential Fast Radio Burst candidates in it. Proposed system employs Convolutional Neural Networks and Transfer Learning to classify potential Fast Radio Bursts from Radio Frequency Interference from data recorded by the uGMRT. We have used data simulation tools to synthesize additional samples in order to make up for the paucity of data. The VGG16-based model displayed the best receiver operating characteristics curve with the area under curve being 0.90 along with an accuracy of 90.67%

Characterization of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of multidrug resistant Gram negative bacterial wound infections and their clinical epidemiology from a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India

Background: Extended spectrum beta lactamases, AmpC and Metallo-betalactamases in GNB isolates are a common occurrence in most Indian hospitals. The presence of these antimicrobial resistance mechanisms contributes to prolonged hospital stay, poor quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality among patients with these infections. The aim of the study was to analyse the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of multidrug resistant Gram negative bacterial wound infection and their clinical epidemiology.Methods: A prospective study was conducted for one year among 100 patients of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal admitted with MDR GNB wound infections. The antibiogram and phenotypic resistance mechanisms of the bacterial isolate from these infections were identified using phenyl boronic acid and ethyl diacetate.  The empirical therapy, specific therapy and clinical outcome of the patients were also analyzed.Results: Out of 100 study patients, 152 MDR GNB isolates were obtained.  73% patients were admitted in the surgical wards. 43% patients had diabetes. Ulcers (27%) and abscess (25%) were the most common diagnosis. Escherichia coli (39%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%) were the most common isolates. Maximum number of ESBL was seen among Enteric Gram negative bacilli (36%), MBL was seen among Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species (55% each), AmpC was seen among enteric GNB (10%) and Acinetobacter species (18%). Cefaperazone sulbactam, amikacin and meropenem were the most common antibiotics given as specific therapy. Clinical response was observed among 93% patients.Conclusions: The determination of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of GNB isolates from wound infections plays a major role in establishing an antibiotic policy for the treatment of these infections

Evaluation of micronucleus frequency in oral exfoliated buccal mucosa cells of smokers and tobacco chewers: a comparative study

Background: Oral cancer is one of the tenth most common cancers in the world and constitutes the third most important group of malignancies in India. Majority of these cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage resulting in poor prognosis and survival rates among patients. Hence early diagnosis of oral cancers seems to be the need of the hour. Analysis of exfoliated buccal cell micronuclei (MN) is a sensitive method of monitoring genetic damage. The present study aims to compare the frequency of micronucleus in tobacco chewers and smokers and thus evaluate the genotoxic potential of these habits.Methods: The study was conducted on 60 subjects, divided into 3 groups each of 20 subjects. Group 1: with history of chewing tobacco, group 2: with history of chewing tobacco and smoking, group 3: healthy subjects without any habits as controls. Oral exfoliated cells were obtained from buccal mucosa of the subjects, 2 slides were prepared from each subject stained with Giemsa and H&E stain respectively. Atleast 1000 cells were examined for each subject and micronuclei frequency was scored according to criteria of Tolbert et al.Results: The mean number of micronuclei was 18.5±9.5 in tobacco chewers, 19.1±9.2 in chewers with smoking habit and 8.2±5.6 in controls. Bonferroni multiple comparisons amongst these three groups showed the mean difference of micronuclei to be highly significant when chewers and chewers with smoking habit were compared to controls. Similarly based on the duration of addiction, a highly significant difference was noted in no. of micronucleated cells in subjects addicted to tobacco for more than 15 years.Conclusions: Tobacco can cause and increase the rate of nuclear anomalies in both smoking and smokeless forms. Thus oral mucosal micronuclei frequency can be used as a marker of epithelial carcinogenic progression.

स्वच्छ भारत भविष्य के लिए परिदृश्य

स्वच्छ भारत भविष्य के लिए परिदृश्य अिखल भारतीय राजभाषा वैज्ञानिक संगोष्ठ

भा कृ अनु प - केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान, कोच्ची में वर्ष 2017 के दौरान आयोजित राजभाषा हिंदी के कार्यक्रम

भा कृ अनु प - केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान, कोच्ची में वर्ष 2017 के दौरान आयोजित राजभाषा हिंदी के कार्यक्र