375 research outputs found
SYNTHESIS OF DESGLYMIDODRINE FROM MIDODRINE BY CONVENTIONAL AMIDE HYDROLYSIS METHOD
Objective: The term prodrug involves chemically modifying inert compound which upon administration releases the active parent drug to elicit its pharmacological response within the body. Acting as a α-adrenergic agonist, desglymidodrine an active metabolite of amide prodrug midodrine is used for the treatment of essential and orthostatic hypotension. In the present study synthesis of desglymidodrine from midodrine was reported.Methods: The synthesis was done by the conventional amide hydrolysis method.Results: A novel synthesis of desglymidodrine was successfully achieved and spectrally elucidated by infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass analysis.Conclusion: The acquired results were found to be accurate, the synthetic route appeared to be simple, cost-effective and time efficient. Hence the synthesized desglymidodrine can be as a reference standard for the estimation of the same
Improvement of Mechanical, Thermal and Optical Properties of Barium Mixed Cobalt Tartrate Hydrate Crystals Grown by Gel Method
In this present work, CTH and BCTH crystals have been prepared by gel technique by using single diffusion
method at room temperature. The as grown crystals were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, UV,
TG / DTA and Micro hardness studies. X-ray powder diffraction results analyzed by using suitable software
suggest that a CTH and BCTH crystals belong to cubic crystal system. The unit cell volume is observed
to increase with increase in the concentration of barium in cobalt tartrate due to the lattice distortion.
The band gap and optical properties have analyzed by UV-Visible spectrum. The functional groups
and compound formation of the crystals have been studied by FT-IR spectrum. The mechanical properties
of the grown crystals were tested by using Vicker’s microhardness studies. The work hardening coefficient
(n) was determined to be 3.7 for CTH, 5.3 for BCTH (1 : 1) and 6.4 for BCTH (2 : 1) and the stiffness constants
for different loads were calculated and reported. Thermal analysis suggests that pure cobalt tartrate
starts decomposing at 73.2 C whereas the barium mixed cobalt tartrate brings about better thermal stability
which increases with an increase in barium concentration
Signature Searching Concerning Association Assortment of Files
Signature is the example that you search for inside an information parcel. A signature is utilized to recognize one or numerous sorts of assaults. Signatures may be available in distinctive parts of an information parcel contingent on the way of the assault. We can discover signatures in the IP header, transport layer header (TCP or UDP header) and application layer header or payload. Generally IDS relies on signatures to get some answers concerning gatecrasher movement. With the expanded measure of information exchanged by PC systems, the amoun t of the malevolent movement likewise increments and thusly it is important to ensure the system by security framework, for example, firewalls and the Intrusion Detection System. Example coordinating is the time discriminating operation of current Intrusion Detection System. In this venture this example coordinating is in view of the standard expression where as these example of known Assaults are put away in the database of Intrusion Detection System. Customary Expressions are regularly used to portray malignant system design
Improvement of Mechanical, Thermal and Optical Properties of Barium Mixed Cobalt Tartrate Hydrate Crystals Grown by Gel Method
In this present work, CTH and BCTH crystals have been prepared by gel technique by using single diffusion
method at room temperature. The as grown crystals were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, UV,
TG / DTA and Micro hardness studies. X-ray powder diffraction results analyzed by using suitable software
suggest that a CTH and BCTH crystals belong to cubic crystal system. The unit cell volume is observed
to increase with increase in the concentration of barium in cobalt tartrate due to the lattice distortion.
The band gap and optical properties have analyzed by UV-Visible spectrum. The functional groups
and compound formation of the crystals have been studied by FT-IR spectrum. The mechanical properties
of the grown crystals were tested by using Vicker’s microhardness studies. The work hardening coefficient
(n) was determined to be 3.7 for CTH, 5.3 for BCTH (1 : 1) and 6.4 for BCTH (2 : 1) and the stiffness constants
for different loads were calculated and reported. Thermal analysis suggests that pure cobalt tartrate
starts decomposing at 73.2 C whereas the barium mixed cobalt tartrate brings about better thermal stability
which increases with an increase in barium concentration
Susceptibility of south Indian strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to tuberactinomycin
A total of 114 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from sputum samples of 114 patients of
pulmonary tuberculosis in south India, were coded and tested for their in vitro susceptibility to
tuberactinomycin (Tum) incorporated in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium. Of these strains, 95 (83.3%)
and 15 (13.2%) were susceptible to Tum at 25 and 50 mg/l respectively. Only 4 (3.5%) strains were
inhibited at 100 mg/l or more. Of the 37 drug sensitive strains, 2 (5.4%) were not susceptible to Tum at
25 mg/l compared to 17 (22.1%) of 77 strains-resistant to one or more of antituberculosis drugs (P
<0.02). The drug susceptibility pattern of the strains revealed that there was no significant association of
resistance between Tum and streptomycin or rifampicin or ethambutol or ethionamide or isoniazid.
However, 15 (53.6%) of 28 kanamycin (K) resistant strains were not susceptible to Tum at 25 mg/l. This
cross resistance between Tum and K was further studied in 24 and 15 K sensitive and resistant strains
respectively, by correlating their proportion resistance at 16 mg/l and it was found to have a significant
positive correlation (r = 0.55; X0.01)
Synonymous Codon Usage Analysis of Thirty Two Mycobacteriophage Genomes
Synonymous codon usage of protein coding genes of thirty two completely sequenced mycobacteriophage genomes was studied
using multivariate statistical analysis. One of the major factors influencing codon usage is identified to be compositional bias.
Codons ending with either C or G are preferred in highly expressed genes among which C ending codons are highly preferred over
G ending codons. A strong negative correlation between effective number of codons (Nc) and GC3s content was also observed,
showing that the codon usage was effected by gene nucleotide composition. Translational selection is also identified to play a role
in shaping the codon usage operative at the level of translational accuracy. High level of heterogeneity is seen among and between
the genomes. Length of genes is also identified to influence the codon usage in 11 out of 32 phage genomes. Mycobacteriophage
Cooper is identified to be the highly biased genome with better translation efficiency comparing well with the host specific tRNA
genes
Preliminary screening for antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity of actinomycetes from less explored ecosystems
Actinomycetes from less explored ecosystems
were screened for antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
Crude bioactive compounds were produced by growing
these strains by shake flask fermentation using soybean meal
medium. Culture supernatant and mycelia were extracted
with ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. Antibacterial
activity of crude extracts was tested by disc diffusion method
against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Actinomycete
strains D10, D5, NEK5, ANS2, M104 and R2
showed prominent activity. Culture filtrates and crude
extracts were tested against standard strain Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37Rv and drug sensitive and drug resistant
clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis by luciferase reporter
phage (LRP) assay. Considerable variation was observed in
antimycobacterial activity between actinomycete culture
filtrates and solvent extracts. Actinomycete strains viz., D10,
D5 (desert), CSA14 (forest), CA33 (alkaline soil), NEK5
(Neem plant), MSU,ANS2, R2 and M104 (marine) screened
in the present study were found to be highly potent showing
good antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity. Five of
them such as A3, CSA1, EE9, ANS5 and R9 were exclusively
active against M. tuberculosis. Secretary products of
actinomycetes of rare ecosystems are meant to antagonize
organisms in their respective environments. These are likely
to be novel antimycobacterial compounds as they unknown
to human pathogens
A Wearable Arm and Wrist Rehabilitation Exercise Device Equipped with Monitoring System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation
An analysis of rehabilitation activity for paralyzed patient. Monitoring rehabilitation activity for post-stroke patients have increasingly common in hospitals and rehabilitation center worldwide. To develop home based and low cost device for post-stroke patients activity monitoring is challenging in rehabilitation engineering. Many technological devices have been developed like a Wearable Arm and Wrist Rehabilitation Exercise device equipped with monitoring system for post stroke rehabilitation were designed for and proposed. In this article, we identify several functional activities of arm and wrist motoring defect is achieved by the exoskeleton system. This system is controlled by the Arduino UNO Microcontroller and the LCD is acting as monitoring unit. This allows investigating patterns of patient’s arm and wrist monitoring functional activity. These studies investigated the activation patterns in different experimental conditions such as water bottle take off, wrist stretching and grasp force. Furthermore, findings attained from this project may enable us to contribute towards the development of new arm rehabilitation monitoring device which can benefit human lives
Use of cetylpyridinium chloride for the storage of sputum samples and isolation of M. tuberculosis
Of 220 sputum specimens collected
from pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 85 were culture
positive when the sputum aliquots were stored
with cetypyridinium chloride (CPC) and processed
on 7th day (CPC method), whereas only 70 were
culture positive when the aliquots of the same specimens
were stored without CPC and processed by
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) method. The difference in
the culture positivity was statistically significant. The
number of positive, cultures obtained by the CPC
method (85) was comparable to that obtained by the
NaOH method before storage (95) and the difference
was not statistically significant
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