L’acquisition des articles définis en L1

Plusieurs études ont montré que l’omission de l’article défini dans le langage enfantin varie selon les langues. En d’autres termes, il semblerait que les enfants acquerrant une langue romane se conforment plus rapidement au système adulte que les enfants acquerrant une langue germanique (Chierchia et al., 2001 ; Lléo & Demuth, 1999). Les résultats de deux expériences de production induite présentés dans cet article confirment cette observation : les enfants néerlandais omettent l’article défini davantage et pour une plus longue période que les enfants français. Nous expliquons cette différence par le fait que le néerlandais offre davantage de possibilités d’avoir des noms nus que le français (Longobardi, 2001). Notre étude révèle une autre différence intéressante : les enfants néerlandais utilisent fréquemment l’article défini non-neutre de à la place de l’article défini neutre het, alors que les enfants acquerrant le français ne commettent pas d’erreurs de ce genre. La spécification lexicale de chacun de ces articles définis nous conduit à proposer que l’article défini non-neutre de est la forme que les enfants utilisent par défaut au début de l’acquisition (Halle & Marantz, 1993, 1994 ; Ferdinand, 1996).Several studies have shown that determiner omission in early child language varies across languages, i.e. children acquiring a Romance language converge earlier to the adult system than children acquiring a Germanic language (Chierchia et al., 2001; Lléo & Demuth, 1999). We show that this observation is confirmed by the resultts of two elicited production tasks which were equally conducted in Dutch and French with 3, 4 and 6 years old children. We argue that the delay of determiner acquisition is due to the degree to which determiners are obligatory in a language (Longobardi, 2001).The results of our production tasks revealed another striking difference between Dutch and French. Dutch-speaking children use frequently the non-neuter definite article de instead of the neuter definite article het, whereas gender errors are totally absent in French. We argue that the definite article non-neuter de, due to its lexical specification, is taken as a default form in early child Dutch (Halle & Marantz 1993, 1994; Ferdinand, 1996)

L’acquisition des articles définis en L1

Plusieurs études ont montré que l’omission de l’article défini dans le langage enfantin varie selon les langues. En d’autres termes, il semblerait que les enfants acquerrant une langue romane se conforment plus rapidement au système adulte que les enfants acquerrant une langue germanique (Chierchia et al., 2001 ; Lléo & Demuth, 1999). Les résultats de deux expériences de production induite présentés dans cet article confirment cette observation : les enfants néerlandais omettent l’article défini davantage et pour une plus longue période que les enfants français. Nous expliquons cette différence par le fait que le néerlandais offre davantage de possibilités d’avoir des noms nus que le français (Longobardi, 2001). Notre étude révèle une autre différence intéressante : les enfants néerlandais utilisent fréquemment l’article défini non-neutre de à la place de l’article défini neutre het, alors que les enfants acquerrant le français ne commettent pas d’erreurs de ce genre. La spécification lexicale de chacun de ces articles définis nous conduit à proposer que l’article défini non-neutre de est la forme que les enfants utilisent par défaut au début de l’acquisition (Halle & Marantz, 1993, 1994 ; Ferdinand, 1996).Several studies have shown that determiner omission in early child language varies across languages, i.e. children acquiring a Romance language converge earlier to the adult system than children acquiring a Germanic language (Chierchia et al., 2001; Lléo & Demuth, 1999). We show that this observation is confirmed by the resultts of two elicited production tasks which were equally conducted in Dutch and French with 3, 4 and 6 years old children. We argue that the delay of determiner acquisition is due to the degree to which determiners are obligatory in a language (Longobardi, 2001).The results of our production tasks revealed another striking difference between Dutch and French. Dutch-speaking children use frequently the non-neuter definite article de instead of the neuter definite article het, whereas gender errors are totally absent in French. We argue that the definite article non-neuter de, due to its lexical specification, is taken as a default form in early child Dutch (Halle & Marantz 1993, 1994; Ferdinand, 1996)

Archeologische prospectie met ingreep in de bodem: Brugge (deelgem. Sint-Michiels), Chartreuseweg

Dit rapport werd ingediend bij het agentschap samen met een aantal afzonderlijke digitale bijlagen. Een aantal van deze bijlagen zijn niet inbegrepen in dit pdf document en zijn niet online beschikbaar. Sommige bijlagen (grondplannen, fotos, spoorbeschrijvingen, enz.) kunnen van belang zijn voor een betere lezing en interpretatie van dit rapport. Indien u deze bijlagen wenst te raadplegen kan u daarvoor contact opnemen met: [email protected]

Treatment of women with heavy menstrual bleeding:Results of a prospective cohort study alongside a randomised controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the reintervention rate of women who opted for treatment with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) to women who opted for endometrial ablation. Furthermore, the difference in reintervention rate between women in this observational cohort and women who were randomised was compared, with the hypothesis that women who actively decide on treatment have lower reintervention rates compared to women in a RCT. STUDY DESIGN: An observational cohort study alongside a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between April 2012 and January 2016, with a follow-up time of 24 months, in 26 hospitals and nearby general practices in the Netherlands. Women suffering from heavy menstrual bleeding, aged 34 years and older, without intracavitary pathology and without a future fertility desire, were eligible for this trial. Women who declined randomisation were asked to participate in the observational cohort. The outcome measure was reintervention rate at 24 months of follow-up. RESULTS: 276 women were followed in the observational cohort of which 87 women preferred an initial treatment with LNG-IUS and 189 women preferred an initial treatment with endometrial ablation. At 24 months of follow-up women in the LNG-IUS-group were more likely to receive a reintervention compared to the women in the ablation group, 28/81 (35 %) versus 25/178 (14 %) (aRR 2.42, CI 1.47-3.98, p-value 0.001). No differences in reintervention rates were found between women in the observational cohort and women in the RCT. CONCLUSIONS: Women who receive an LNG-IUS are more likely to undergo an additional intervention compared to women who receive endometrial ablation. Reintervention rates of women in the cohort and RCT population were comparable. The results of this study endorse the findings of the RCT and will contribute to shared decision making in women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Déterminants et pronoms en néerlandais et en français (syntaxe et acquisition)

Dans la présente thèse, nous étudions la représentation syntaxique et l'acquisition des déterminants et des pronoms en néerlandais et en français. Notre analyse syntaxique de ces éléments permet de formuler des prédictions quant à leur acquisition par des enfants monolingues. Ces prédictions sont testées à l'aide de données d'acquisition obtenues grâce à deux tâches expérimentales de production induite et de compréhension. On observe d'une part que les enfants néerlandais omettent plus longtemps le déterminant que les enfants français. En outre, il s'avère que les enfants néerlandais commettent des erreurs de genre. D'autre part, concernant l'acquisition des pronoms, les dissociations déjà rapportées pour le français sont également observées en néerlandais: le pronom sujet est acquis avant le pronom objet et le pronom réfléchi est acquis avant le pronom non-réfléchi. Il ressort que les enfants néerlandais, au même âge que les enfants français, maîtrisent moins bien les pronoms objets.ST DENIS-BU PARIS8 (930662101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Treatment of women with heavy menstrual bleeding: Results of a prospective cohort study alongside a randomised controlled trial

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the reintervention rate of women who opted for treatment with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) to women who opted for endometrial ablation. Furthermore, the difference in reintervention rate between women in this observational cohort and women who were randomised was compared, with the hypothesis that women who actively decide on treatment have lower reintervention rates compared to women in a RCT. Study design: An observational cohort study alongside a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between April 2012 and January 2016, with a follow-up time of 24 months, in 26 hospitals and nearby general practices in the Netherlands. Women suffering from heavy menstrual bleeding, aged 34 years and older, without intracavitary pathology and without a future fertility desire, were eligible for this trial. Women who declined randomisation were asked to participate in the observational cohort. The outcome measure was reintervention rate at 24 months of follow-up. Results: 276 women were followed in the observational cohort of which 87 women preferred an initial treatment with LNG-IUS and 189 women preferred an initial treatment with endometrial ablation. At 24 months of follow-up women in the LNG-IUS-group were more likely to receive a reintervention compared to the women in the ablation group, 28/81 (35 %) versus 25/178 (14 %) (aRR 2.42, CI 1.47–3.98, p-value 0.001). No differences in reintervention rates were found between women in the observational cohort and women in the RCT. Conclusions: Women who receive an LNG-IUS are more likely to undergo an additional intervention compared to women who receive endometrial ablation. Reintervention rates of women in the cohort and RCT population were comparable. The results of this study endorse the findings of the RCT and will contribute to shared decision making in women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Geriatric Fracture Center

Objective: Since April 1, 2008, patients aged ≥65 years presenting with a hip fracture at Ziekenhuisgroep Twente, Almelo (ZGT-A), The Netherlands, have been admitted to the geriatric fracture center (GFC) and treated according to the multidisciplinary treatment approach. The objective of this study was to evaluate how implementation of the treatment approach has influenced the quality of care given to older patients with hip fracture. Design: Prospective cohort study with historical control group. Method: Two groups of patients with hip fracture were compared, 1 group was treated according to the new multidisciplinary treatment approach in 2009-2010, and the other group received the usual treatment in 2007-2008. The number of readmissions within 30 days after discharge was compared, and an analysis was carried out regarding the number of complications, the number of consultations with various specialists and with the geriatrician, and the duration of hospital stay. Results: In all, 140 patients from 2009 to 2010 group and 90 patients from 2007 to 2008 group were included. In 2009-2010 group, the number of readmissions within 30 days dropped by 11 percentage points ( P = .001). The incidence of the number of complications decreased with a median of 1 compared with 2007-2008 ( P = .017) group. Delirium was diagnosed to be 6 percentage points more frequent. The median number of consultations with various specialists per patient decreased by 1 percentage point as a result of geriatrician cotreatment ( P = .002). The median duration of hospital stay was 1 day shorter than that in 2007-2008 group. Conclusion: The use of the multidisciplinary treatment approach led to a significant reduction in the number of readmissions within 30 days after discharge. It appears to be associated with improved short-term treatment outcomes for older patients with a hip fracture

Potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of vulnerability

The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a large impact on global health, travel, and economy. Therefore, preventative and therapeutic measures are urgently needed. Here, we isolated monoclonal antibodies from three convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients using a SARS-CoV-2 stabilized prefusion spike protein. These antibodies had low levels of somatic hypermutation and showed a strong enrichment in VH1-69, VH3-30-3, and VH1-24 gene usage. A subset of the antibodies was able to potently inhibit authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection at a concentration as low as 0.007 micrograms per milliliter. Competition and electron microscopy studies illustrate that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contains multiple distinct antigenic sites, including several receptor-binding domain (RBD) epitopes as well as non-RBD epitopes. In addition to providing guidance for vaccine design, the antibodies described here are promising candidates for COVID-19 treatment and prevention