Changing Sources of Magma Generation Beneath Intra-Oceanic Islands Arcs: An Insight From the Juvenile Kohistan Island Arc, Pakistan Himalaya

The Kohistan arc, situated in the Pakistan Himalaya, is a Cretaceous intraoceanic island arc which was initiated during the northward movement of the Indian Plate. The arc was sutured to Asia at ca. 100 Ma. It was subsequently tilted northward when underplated by Indian continental crust during the early stages of India–Asia collision. Deep erosion of this tilted section provides a spectacular section through the whole arc sequence and offers a profound insight into the mechanisms of early stages of arc formation. Geochemical analysis and rare earth element modelling of basaltic sequences which date from the intraoceanic stages of arc development allow identification of three main magma source types in the mantle beneath the juvenile arc. The ‘E-type’ Kamila Amphibolites, with a MORB-type chemistry, form the intraoceanic basement to the arc. The ‘D-type’ Kamila Amphibolites are the earliest of the arc volcanic rocks. These were extracted from a primitive spinel-bearing mantle source, above a north-dipping subduction zone. The stratigraphically younger basalts of the Jaglot Group and Ghizar Formation of the Chalt Volcanic Group were derived from partial melting of a garnet-bearing source at greater depth. The Hunza Formation of the Chalt Volcanic Group contains the youngest mafic volcanic rocks of the intraoceanic arc. Although coeval with the Ghizar Formation of the Chalt Volcanic Group, they were generated by melting of a depleted, spinel-bearing mantle source rock and were erupted into a spatially and temporally restricted back-arc basin developed behind the volcanic front. The Chalt Volcanic Group was therefore formed from two different, adjacent, mantle source regions active at the same time. Results of REE modelling are consistent with models for intraoceanic arc formation in which the earliest volcanic rocks are derived from shallow level spinel-bearing peridotite, and later ones from a deeper garnet-bearing source. This is consistent with the melt region becoming deeper with time as subduction continues. A two-stage model is proposed for the back-arc basalts of the Hunza Formation in which a mantle source, depleted from a previous melting event, is underplated beneath the arc and later remelted during decompression as a consequence of extension and rifting of the arc

Silverstone Industries Ltd: Whistle-blowing – A case study of actual events in a leading Australian charity

Silverstone Industries Ltd commenced almost 50 years ago as a registered charitable organisation. Over the years it evolved into a ‘best practice’ ‘social enterprise’ that provided vocational training and employment to over 600 persons with a disability. The company demonstrated how with good training and support disabled persons could do a lot more than low‐skill level tasks traditionally associated with ‘sheltered workshops’. For the financial year ending 2008, the company reported a record turnover of $31M, a trading surplus of over$1M and a net asset value of $12M. It was a thriving successful business. In March 2009 and at the height of the global financial crisis, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Silverstone Industries reported to the board of directors he “...no longer had any confidence in the integrity of the financial figures, information or reports emanating from the Chief Financial Officer or his department”. The CEO had become a whistle‐blower. The board appointed a special audit firm to investigate and report back. A ‘window’ of four weeks was provided….. This workshop will discuss the case study and explore what can be learned from the situation

Recent global trends in the Chinese construction industry and its market

The rapidly increasing construction demand in China, particularly spurred by the coming 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the 2010 Shanghai Expo, provides challenging opportunities for overseas construction enterprises. Therefore understanding the structure and dynamics of construction industry in China is crucial, particularly the potential changes of the market after the China\u27s entry into the World Trade Organization. This paper analyses the development of construction economics and institutional regulations in the construction market, and provides a comprehensive image on the Chinese construction sector in the global environment.<br /

Supporting the eResearch lifecycle from acquisition through to annotation: the DART/ARCHER experience

This presentation will look at the development of the Dataset Acquisition, Accessibility and Annotation e-Research Technologies (DART) project. This is a proof-of-concept collaboration space, designed to support the entire e-Research lifecycle. The presentation will look at the motivation behind DART, its achievements, and its transition into the ARCHER project. The presentation will also look at the relationship between collaboration environments and institutional publishing environments, based on the Monash experience with the ARROW and DART projects

Therapeutic Effects of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and the Use in Athletic Populations: A Literature Review

This literature review examines the mechanism and application of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) in athletic populations. IASTM is a treatment technique used for soft tissue pathologies. Experimental studies have been performed to determine the effects of IASTM on range of motion, pain, and inflammation in upper and lower extremities. Conflicting evidence exists for the effect of IASTM on the inflammatory reparative process of the body while more evidence exists in support of the technique’s benefits on pain reduction and improvement in range of motion. Understanding the effects of IASTM on range of motion, pain, and inflammation may be useful in treating athletic-related pathologies. Further research should be conducted on a wider array of the population and in greater numbers. The effects should be further examined on a more diverse set of pathologies

Topological versus rheological entanglement length in primitive path analysis protocols

Primitive path analysis algorithms are now routinely employed to analyze entanglements in computer simulations of polymeric systems, but different analysis protocols result in different estimates of the entanglement length, N_e. Here we argue that standard PPA measures the rheological entanglement length, typically employed by tube models and relevant to quantitative comparisons with experiment, while codes like Z or CReTA also determine the topological entanglement length. For loosely entangled systems, a simple analogy between between phantom networks and the mesh of entangled primitive paths suggests a factor of two between the two numbers. This result is in excellent agreement with reported values for poly-ethylene, poly-butadiene and bead-spring polymer melts.Comment: 3 pages, no figure