981 research outputs found
Temperature Dependence of the QCD Coupling
We present a one-loop calculation of a gauge invariant QCD beta function.
Using both momentum and temperature renormalization group equations we
investigate the running coupling in the magnetic sector as a function of
temperature and momentum scale. At fixed momentum scale we find that, in
contrast to or QED, high-temperature QCD is strongly coupled,
even after renormalization group improvement. However, if the momentum scale is
changed simultaneously with temperature in a specified manner, the coupling
decreases. We also point out in what regime dimensional reduction occurs. Both
the cases smaller and larger than are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX (5 postscript figures available),
ITFA-93-11,THU-93/0
Critical Temperature and Amplitude Ratios from a Finite-Temperature Renormalization Group
We study \l\f^4 theory using an environmentally friendly finite-temperature
renormalization group. We derive flow equations, using a fiducial temperature
as flow parameter, develop them perturbatively in an expansion free from
ultraviolet and infrared divergences, then integrate them numerically from zero
to temperatures above the critical temperature. The critical temperature, at
which the mass vanishes, is obtained by integrating the flow equations and is
determined as a function of the zero-temperature mass and coupling. We
calculate the field expectation value and minimum of the effective potential as
functions of temperature and derive some universal amplitude ratios which
connect the broken and symmetric phases of the theory. The latter are found to
be in good agreement with those of the three-dimensional Ising model obtained
from high- and low-temperature series expansions.Comment: 14 pages of LaTeX. Postscript figures available upon request form
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Improving science education for sustainable development
In recent issues of noteworthy journals, natural scientists have argued for the improvement of science education [1–4]. Such pleas reflect the growing awareness that high-quality science education is required not only for sustaining a lively scientific community that is able to address global problems like global warming and pandemics, but also to bring about and maintain a high level of scientific literacy in the general population. There is no doubt that effective education can serve as a vehicle for solving global problems. The problem centers on how to achieve more effective education. We believe that science education would greatly benefit from incorporating the lessons of cognitive science and contemporary ethology to provide a framework for explaining human behavior grounded in evolutionary theory. According to such a perspective, humans collectively produce and reproduce their environment through their actions and are therefore capable of acting responsibly for a sustainable future. In order to design education that will effectively contribute to a sustainable future, we argue for a learning framework that is consistent with contemporary ethology and represents human beings as self-determined yet integral parts of their environment. Such an epistemology is more holistic than traditional and often reductionistic frameworks in education and draws on the central paradigm of the life sciences—evolution. Furthermore, this framework approaches collective human activity as the pivotal unit of analysis in which individuals transact with the social and natural world. Drawing on data from an environmental education project, we demonstrate how this epistemology allows us to contribute both to the improvement of education and to a sustainable future of life on earth
Improving science education for sustainable development
In recent issues of noteworthy journals, natural scientists have argued for the improvement of science education [1–4]. Such pleas reflect the growing awareness that high-quality science education is required not only for sustaining a lively scientific community that is able to address global problems like global warming and pandemics, but also to bring about and maintain a high level of scientific literacy in the general population. There is no doubt that effective education can serve as a vehicle for solving global problems. The problem centers on how to achieve more effective education. We believe that science education would greatly benefit from incorporating the lessons of cognitive science and contemporary ethology to provide a framework for explaining human behavior grounded in evolutionary theory. According to such a perspective, humans collectively produce and reproduce their environment through their actions and are therefore capable of acting responsibly for a sustainable future. In order to design education that will effectively contribute to a sustainable future, we argue for a learning framework that is consistent with contemporary ethology and represents human beings as self-determined yet integral parts of their environment. Such an epistemology is more holistic than traditional and often reductionistic frameworks in education and draws on the central paradigm of the life sciences—evolution. Furthermore, this framework approaches collective human activity as the pivotal unit of analysis in which individuals transact with the social and natural world. Drawing on data from an environmental education project, we demonstrate how this epistemology allows us to contribute both to the improvement of education and to a sustainable future of life on earth
Elements of Epistemic Crypto Logic (Extended Abstract)
Representation of ignorance about large numbers | agent a
does not know agent b's key | is not feasible in standard
Kripke semantics. The paper introduces register models
that allow for compact representation of such ignorance.
This is used to design a sound and complete language for
number guessing games. The probabilities generated by
our semantics allow for and motivate Monte Carlo model
checking for register models. We show that the approach
can be extended to a real life setting, namely the analysis of
cryptographic security protocols. We look at a well known
security protocol for secret key distribution over an insecure
network, and point out how this can be analyzed with our
modied version of Kripke semantics
Towards Model Checking Cryptographic Protocols with Dynamic Epistemic Logic
We present a variant of Kripke models to model knowledge
of large numbers, applicable to cryptographic protocols. Our Epistemic
Crypto Logic is a variant of Dynamic Epistemic Logic to describe com-
munication and computation in a multi-agent setting. It is interpreted
on register models which eciently encode larger Kripke models. As an
example we formalize the well-known Die-Hellman key exchange. The
presented register models also motivate a Monte Carlo method for model
checking which we compare against a standard algorithm, using the key
exchange as a benchmark
The Finite-Temperature Renormalization Group Applied to λϕ⁴ Theory and QCD
In this paper we apply the finite-temperature renormalization group from the point of view of “environmentally friendly” renormalization. We study both λϕ⁴ theory and the magnetic sector of QCD. At one loop level the complete temperature range of λϕ⁴ is successfully described in terms of the parameters of the zero temperature theory. We show also how the critical temperature can be calculated in terms of the latter. For the magnetic sector of QCD, in distinction to λϕ⁴, a one-loop finite temperature renormalization group improvement is not sufficient to
describe the high-temperature regime
From soft harmonic phonons to fast relaxational dynamics in CHNHPbBr
The lead-halide perovskites, including CHNHPbBr, are
components in cost effective, highly efficient photovoltaics, where the
interactions of the molecular cations with the inorganic framework are
suggested to influence the electronic and ferroelectric properties.
CHNHPbBr undergoes a series of structural transitions
associated with orientational order of the CHNH (MA) molecular
cation and tilting of the PbBr host framework. We apply high-resolution
neutron scattering to study the soft harmonic phonons associated with these
transitions, and find a strong coupling between the PbBr framework and
the quasistatic CHNH dynamics at low energy transfers. At higher
energy transfers, we observe a PbBr octahedra soft mode driving a
transition at 150 K from bound molecular excitations at low temperatures to
relatively fast relaxational excitations that extend up to 50-100 meV.
We suggest that these temporally overdamped dynamics enables possible indirect
band gap processes in these materials that are related to the enhanced
photovoltaic properties.Comment: (main text - 5 pages, 4 figures; supplementary information - 3 pages,
3 figures
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