Vitamin D, in the best clinic in autoimmune, inflammatory infectious and Demelinizing diseases: a critical analysis

The term demyelination is used to characterize any inflammatory changes that occur in the medullary or cephalic region.  Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and in general, besides being inflammatory [08, 25], demyelinating and with significant neuronal degeneration, it is considered an important cause of permanent disability in young adults [02-05]. The inflammatory process occurs by an irregular immune response usually mediated by T cells and acts as autoantigens and leads to destruction of the myelin sheath with genetic predispositions [21]. Thus, these chronic and disabling characteristics place a high cost on public health coffers by temporarily or permanently restricting the economic and social activities of their holders and also impacting the lives of their families in a financial and emotional way [15-18]. Still regarding the high cost treatment to inflammatory-infectious processes, primary and autoimmune demyelinating agents, such as sepsis in the adult and child population is considered a critical disease as the main cause of death in children intensive care in Brazil. In recent years in Brazil [24], the high rate of death from sepsis in Brazilian intensive care units has surpassed deaths from stroke and infarction and approximately 230.000 adult patients undergoing intensive care unit treatment have sepsis and estimated 55.7% of hospitalized patients with sepsis died [24]. It is recognized that Vitamin D deficiency is common in both children and adults hospitalized in severe clinical conditions in intensive care [06-12]

Magnesium, Iron, Copper and Zinc in Vegetable Roots from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

The inorganic components, especially magnesium, iron, copper and zinc contained in vegetable roots are of major importance, but seldom taken into account, either by general practitioners or by dietitians. The goal of this work is to report on magnesium, iron, copper and zinc in potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, yam and taro produced, and consumed in Campo Grande, the capital of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. After previous determination of humidity, the vegetables were digested with a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 in the microwave digestion system Speedwave®, Berghof, Germany. The levels of trace elements were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES, iCap 6000® - Thermo Scientific, USA). Most of the elements analyzed occur at levels within the range reported from international and Brazilian sources. However, iron in common potato, sweet potato and cassava was at the lowest level, while magnesium was very low in taro samples. The bioelements studied cannot pose any serious health risks and the edible tuberous roots widely consumed in Mato Grosso do Sul may represent an important source of essential micronutrients. The data show exclusively the population exposure to these minerals, no assumptions made as to their real absorption or bioavailability. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i3.92

Dados elementares da folha de Tridax Procumbens L (Erva Touro) / Elementary data of the sheet Tridax Procumbens L (Erva Touro)

Tridax procumbens L (Erva Touro) é uma planta muito utilizada na medicina popular em diversas partes do Brasil. Objetivou-se trazer dados elementares da planta Tridax procumbens L.  As folhas de Tridax procumbens L foram coletadas  em Campo Grande, MS, Brasil, (latitude20º, 47’ 54,08’’S longitude 54º 59’ 23,88’’ W) em dezembro de 2017. A espécie foi identificada por Ana Carla Gomes Rosa e foi depositada no Herbário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS sob número (65752 HUFMS). A amostra de 100g  após secagem em estufa controlada a 40º  C  durante 48 horas e estabilização dos pesos foram trituradas com um moedor elétrico portátil de aço inoxidável e passadas na peneira granulométrica (0,0232 polegadas de malha de abertura).Logo após levou-se ao laboratório de metabolismo mineral da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) para análise físico-química por meio da técnica  – Espectrometria de Emissão Óptica por Plasma Acoplado Indutivamente (ICP-OES) digestão por micro-ondas nos quais o pó das folhas da planta foram transferidas para os tubos Dap60 contendo aproximadamente uma quantidade de 0,25 g do pó da folha da planta que foi digerida com 3,0 mL de HNO3 (65%, Merck), 1,0 mL de água de alta pureza (18 MU cm, Milli-Q, Milli-Q, Millipore, Bedford, MA, EUA) e 2,0 mL de H2O2 (35%, Merck) em sistema de digestão por micro-ondas (Speedwave four, Berghof, Eningen, BW, Alemanha).Os resultados demostraram alto nível de enxofre (S) .A lacuna  no conhecimento  sobre  a quantificação do composto enxofre na planta Erva Touro pela primeira vez foi obtida neste trabalho e podem servir como ferramenta para futuros  estudos aprofundados para a segurança de ingestão desta planta de utilização com finalidade  medicinal. As plantas medicinais não são classificadas como drogas pela legislação brasileira, a ingestão de plantas medicinais e seus produtos requer controle rigoroso da presença de compostos químicos, rotulagem de doses, contra-indicações, técnicas de fabricação e principalmente uma lista de toda a composição. Embora as plantas medicinais sejam eficazes no tratamento de algumas doenças, seu uso contínuo e descontrolado é motivo de preocupação em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil. Assim, este estudo têm informações relevantes para o uso de T.procumbens L.O conhecimento limitado da população, treinamento de profissionais de saúde sobre os efeitos de plantas medicinais apresenta um desafio e um problema de saúde pública no Brasil. É relevante a continuidade da pesquisa para melhor esclarecimentos das lacunas presentes no estudo desta planta medicinal de uso popular.

Investigation of Campomanesia Components: A Fruit of Brazilian Cerrado

A survey of chemical composition of the fruit of Campomanesia adamantium used by rural and urban inhabitants of the cities of the Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, was carried out by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) aiming at the detection of minerals. Fifteen minerals were detected in the peel, pulp, and seeds of plant. The concentrations of elements K, Ca, Na, and P are found to be present at the major level in peel, pulp, and seeds of fruit. The zinc concentration is very low compared to other detected elements. The levels of some chemical elements in the fruit do not exceed the limits established by international legislation. Animal studies should be performed. The knowledge of the chemical elements in plants has economic interest, and involves global health problem

Vitamin D3 Supplementation: An Option Associated with The Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic complex neurodegenerative disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on observational studies and analytics on impact of Vitamin D supplementation in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. In our research, a total of 457 articles were selected and identified for analysis. This systematic review article and meta-analysis, which included evidence from randomized controlled trials conducted with patients with multiple sclerosis, revealed that Vitamin D3 supplementation is effective as an option associated with the treatment of this disease, and that it also has a diffuse protective role against various remission outbreaks in the health. Doses (50,000 IU/week) are appropriate to restore neuroimmunological parameters when used within 12 weeks

The Use of Vitamin D in The Infectious Process in The Hospital Period in Childhood Effective?

Goals: To verify whether the use of Vitamin D as parallel therapy to hospital and drug treatment can be effective in the process of infectious reduction in hospitalized children. Data source: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, published between 2011 and the first quarter of 2019, in the Cochrane Library, Medline, US National Library of Medicine and the National Institute of Health (PubMed), Literature databases. Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs), Scopus and Web of Science. The studies were scored by the Down and Black scale associated with the quality assessment method according to the Cochrane criteria (RCT). Summary of the data: Of the 1475 studies, 09 were included. There is a direct relationship between Vitamin D level and mortality rate in hospitalized children with infections. Conclusion: This study highlighted that the vitamin D deficiency in children under serum analysis during hospitalization triggers severe immunological changes

First determination of mineral composition of the leaf Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) used in human nourishment in the Midwest of Brazil and comparasion with dietary reference intakes for children and adults

Introduction: Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) is a leaf chicory and is grown as a leaf vegetable which usually has white-veined red or purple leaves and it belongs to the Asteraceae family. In several countries is consumed mainly as salad, but no studies on their elemental composition  has been done, principally in Brazil. Objective: The aim of present work was to measure the macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg and P) and microelements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Al, Cd, Ni, Co and Si) in the leaf Chicory used as human nourishment in the Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Method: Chemical digests of samples were prepared using HNO3 and H2O2 and then placed in the microwave digestion system. After digestion, the concentrations of the elements in Leaf Chicory were determined by the technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP–OES, Thermo Scientific - iCAP 6000 Series). Results obtained of the concentrations of leaf chicory were compared with the dietary reference intakes. Results: Detected concentration of macroelements in leaf Chicory decreases in the order: K > P > Ca > Mg > Na. As well as the concentration of microelements decreases in the order: Fe > Al > Si > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > Mo > Co. Leaf Chicory is excellent source of K, Ca, Mg, P, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn for children and adults. On the other hand, leaf chicory is not considered a source of sodium for children and adults. Concentration of K, Cr, Fe, and Al are above the limit recommended limit by FAO/WHO (1984) and others countries. Conclusions: Leaf Chicory has macro and microelements in ample amount; it can be used as an important part of people's diets. Since it not exceed allowable limits set by WHO and FAO, RDA/AI and UL. Competent organs have not evaluated concentrations of elements as Al, Cd, Ni, Co and Si in order to establish a tolerable upper intake level or RDA/AI for human. The lack of studies of adverse effects following excess intake of a nutrient does not mean that adverse effects do not occur. Keywords: Leaf Chicory; Radicchio; Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-OES)

Dymanics of collisions among rydberg atoms

Processos colisionais envolvendo transferência de energia têm sido intensivamente investigados em amostras de átomos de Rydberg frios nos últimos anos. Alguns grupos de pesquisa têm interpretado tais processos utilizando um modelo de muitos corpos; nosso grupo tem explicado tais processos, considerando a interação de dois corpos em um potencial de ultralongo alcance e o movimento sob a ação de um potencial. Nesta tese nós investigamos tais processos de colisão envolvendo átomos de Rydberg frios, produzidos em uma armadilha magneto-óptica. A investigação da evolução temporal de estados de Rydberg produzidos por colisões para diferentes densidades atômicas nos permite demonstrar que o processo binário é dominante. Além disso, mostramos que a radiação de corpo negro não pode ser desprezada nestes experimentos. Finalmente, sugerimos melhorias para um modelo semi-clássico de dinâmica colisional proposto por nosso grupo.Collisional processes involving energy transfer have been intensively investigated in samples of cold Rydberg atoms in the last years. Some research groups have interpreted such processes using a many body model; on the other hand our group has explained such processes considering a two body interaction in an ultralong range potential and the atomic motion under the influence of such potential. In this work, we have investigated such atomic collisions involving cold Rydberg atoms, produced in a magneto-optical trap. The time evolution study of the Rydberg states produced by collisions for different atomic densities has shown us that the binary process is dominant in such system. Beyond that, we have shown that the radiation of black body cannot be neglected in these experiments. Finally, we suggest improvements for the semi-classical collissional dynamic model proposed by our group