1,828 research outputs found
Advances in the management of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer
Patients with human papillomavirus- (HPV-) related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) have a better prognosis
than HPV-negative OPSCC when treated with standard high-dose cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy. Consistent with this
assertion and due to younger age at diagnosis, novel approaches tominimize treatment sequelaewhile preserving survival outcomes
become of paramount importance. Here, we critically reviewed the evidence-based literature supporting the deintensification
strategies in HPV-related OPSCC management, including radiotherapy dose and/or volume reduction, replacement of cisplatin
radiosensitising chemotherapy, and the use of transoral surgery. Undoubtedly, further researches are needed before changing the
standard of care in this setting of patients
How Do Methyl Groups Enhance the Triplet Chemiexcitation Yield of Dioxetane?
Chemiluminescence is the emission of light as a result of a nonadiabatic
chemical reaction. The present work is concerned with understanding the yield
of chemiluminescence, in particular how it dramatically increases upon
methylation of 1,2-dioxetane. Both ground-state and nonadiabatic dynamics
(including singlet excited states) of the decomposition reaction of various
methyl-substituted dioxetanes have been simulated. Methyl-substitution leads to
a significant increase in the dissociation time scale. The rotation around the
O-C-C-O dihedral angle is slowed; thus, the molecular system stays longer in
the "entropic trap" region. A simple kinetic model is proposed to explain how
this leads to a higher chemiluminescence yield. These results have important
implications for the design of efficient chemiluminescent systems in medical,
environmental, and industrial applications
Institutional protection of minority employees and entrepreneurship: Evidence from the LGBT Employment Non-Discrimination Acts
A diverse workforce has long been associated with multiple firm benefits, but this is sometimes difficult to achieve due to employer discrimination. Although multiple institutional arrangements have been put in place to ban discriminatory behavior, the effects of such regulations remain relatively unexplored, often neglecting start-ups. We propose that institutional changes aiming to outlaw employment discrimination will trigger two main effects: they will (a) depress start-up founding rates through enhancement of wage-work appeal, and (b) increase the average start-up quality due to a higher threshold for leaving wage-work. We test our predictions by exploiting the staggered enactment of Employment Non-Discrimination Acts in the U.S. Consistent with our theory, we find that this institutional protection reduced the quantity of entrepreneurship but increased its quality
Multianalytical non-invasive characterization of âMater Boni Consiliiâ iconography oil painting
This paper presents the results of non-invasive diagnostic investigations performed on the canvas oil painting depicting the Marian iconography âMater Boni Consiliiâ. The painting, whose author and origin are unknown, was found in an old shop in Florence following the overflowing of the Arno River in 1966. In order to define the importance of the artwork, a multianalytical analysis was performed on the painting, using multispectral imaging, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) for the definition of materials, with a particular focus on the identification of pigments. The results allowed for the drawing up of a color palette, composed mainly of ochre and earth pigments, cinnabar, lithopone, lead white, and ultramarine pigments. After cross-referencing the acquired information with other findings, it was possible to place the painting in the period between the end of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth centuries
Bell's Jump Process in Discrete Time
The jump process introduced by J. S. Bell in 1986, for defining a quantum
field theory without observers, presupposes that space is discrete whereas time
is continuous. In this letter, our interest is to find an analogous process in
discrete time. We argue that a genuine analog does not exist, but provide
examples of processes in discrete time that could be used as a replacement.Comment: 7 pages LaTeX, no figure
A non-local, Lorentz-invariant, hidden-variable interpretation of relativistic quantum mechanics based on particle trajectories
We demonstrate how to construct a lorentz-invariant, hidden-variable
interpretation of relativistic quantum mechanics based on particle
trajectories. The covariant theory that we propose employs a multi-time
formalism and a lorentz-invariant rule for the coordination of the space-time
points on the individual particle trajectories. In this way we show that there
is no contradiction between nonlocality and lorentz invariance in quantum
mechanics. The approach is illustrated for relativistic bosons, using a simple
model to discuss the individual non-locally correlated particle motion which
ensues when the wavefunction is entangled. A simple example of measurement is
described.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
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