Chemical and physical fractions of soil organic matter under various management regimes in Roraima, Brazil.

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Adubação Fosfatada para Cultivares de Mamoneira na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul.

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Deficiência de cálcio e fósforo em bubalinos no município de Portel, Estado do Pará.

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Factors affecting fertility of cattle and buffaloes in tropical environments.

The present artic1e summarizes the main aspects concerning the reproductive problems. related to milk and beef cattle as well as with buffaloes raised in the tropical areas of the world. Specific aspects which cause a low reproduction due to the genetic or hereditary condition as well as combined to the management and environrnental factors like heat stress, affecting mainly European breed originally from temperate climate areas, commonly introduced in the tropical areas, nutritional imbalances, reproductive diseases and other general systemic pathological condition which lead to sub-fertility, infertility or sterility and others constrains, were presented in practical form, pointing out the main problems which routinely, the Veterinary practitioner will find out in the tropical country conditions

Spontaneous vesicle formation in catanionic mixtures of amino acid-based surfactants: Chain length symmetry effects

The use of amino acids for the synthesis of novel surfactants with vesicle-forming properties potentially enhances the biocompatibility levels needed for a viable alternative to conventional lipid vesicles. In this work, the formation and characterization of catanionic vesicles by newly synthesized lysine- and serine-derived surfactants have been investigated by means of phase behavior mapping and PFG-NMR diffusometry and cryo-TEM methods. The lysine-derived surfactants are double-chained anionic molecules bearing a pseudogemini configuration, whereas the serine-derived amphiphile is cationic and single-chained. Vesicles form in the cationic-rich side for narrow mixing ratios of the two amphiphiles. Two pairs of systems were studied: one symmetric with equal chain lengths, 2C(12)/C(12), and the other highly asymmetric with 2C(8)/C(16) chains, where the serine-based surfactant has the longest chain. Different mechanisms of the vesicle-to-micelle transition were found, depending on symmetry: the 2C12/C12 system entails limited micellar growth and intermediate phase separation, whereas the 2C(8)/C(16) system shows a continuous transition involving large wormlike micelles. The results are interpreted on the basis of currently available models for the micelle-vesicle transitions and the stabilization of catanionic vesicles (energy of curvature vs mixing entropy)

Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence of Content Validity

The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) requires changes in the organization of the family routine and in the educational practices employed by their parents or caregivers, due to the characteristics of this condition. In this context, it is important to include them in the child's treatment and de-velopment process, and, therefore, to assess the variables associated with specific parenting practices for ASD, with the construct of parental self-efficacy being one of the most relevant. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the evidence of content validity of the Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale for Autism Spectrum Disorder (PSES-ASD). The methodo-logical procedures consisted of analysis by expert judges (n = 5) and seman-tics with parents (n = 10). The first version of the PSES-ASD, which had 40 items, after analysis by judges and semantic analysis, became composed of 27, divided into five categories: basic needs and activities of daily living (five items), socialization (seven items), cognitive development (two items), structure and discipline (six items), and treatment/school care (seven items). The results of the analyzes showed that the PSES-ASD items are clear, theoretical, and practically relevant, and adequate to the reality of parents of children with ASD. Therefore, it can be concluded that the PSES-ASD was successful in its construction and presented satisfactory content validity evidence according to the psychometric literature