Exact Solutions for Equations of Bose-Fermi Mixtures in One-Dimensional Optical Lattice

We present two new families of stationary solutions for equations of Bose-Fermi mixtures with an elliptic function potential with modulus $k$. We also discuss particular cases when the quasiperiodic solutions become periodic ones. In the limit of a sinusoidal potential ($k\to 0$) our solutions model a quasi-one dimensional quantum degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture trapped in optical lattice. In the limit $k\to 1$ the solutions are expressed by hyperbolic function solutions (vector solitons). Thus we are able to obtain in an unified way quasi-periodic and periodic waves, and solitons. The precise conditions for existence of every class of solutions are derived. There are indications that such waves and localized objects may be observed in experiments with cold quantum degenerate gases.Comment: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA

A framework to include the (inter)dependencies of Disaster Risk Reduction measures in coastal risk assessment

Effective coastal risk management often involves the selection and appraisal of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) measures. Such measures, however, are rarely implemented in isolation and their (inter)dependencies need to be considered to assess the overall contribution to risk reduction. This paper presents a framework that utilises a pathway-based approach to consider such (inter)dependencies. The framework identifies measures that have the potential to directly influence risk reduction (primary measures) at the individual/household level and how these relate to the implementation of other measures (non-primary). These two types of measures are linked using intermediate pathway factors, which aggregate to the effective uptake and/or operation of primary measure(s) and subsequently represent the direct influence on risk reduction when included in a risk assessment. The approach is demonstrated utilising two coastal risk examples. The case of Varna Bay, Bulgaria highlights a pathway, which explores how developing a coastal Early Warning System (EWS), can enable assets to be moved and saved prior to an event. The Praia de Faro, Portuguese application provides an example of how local risk awareness meetings can support the uptake of property raising to protect against erosion. Past experience, poor trust in authorities, house type/ feasibility, transient population and strong community networks are identified as key influencing variables across both cases. The process of considering the (inter)dependencies between measures has potential to lead to improved decision-making and strategy building. The framework developed is flexible in nature and can be applied in many different situations; however, it is one step towards accounting for these (inter)dependencies at the individual/household level. Ex-ante or ex-post survey data, expert judgement and literature have been used to estimate these factors. However, in many cases this good quality data is not available, and is something that national level monitoring strategies, along with the research community, must address

Embolization of bronchial arteries in cases of life-threatening bleeding

Massive hemoptysis is a frightening and potentially life-threatening clinical event. Hemoptysis represents a sig­nificant clinical entity with high morbidity and potential mortality. Bronchial artery angiography with embolization has become a mainstay in the treatment of hemoptysis. Bronchial artery embolization offers a minimally invasive procedure for even the most compromised patient serving as first-line treatment for hemorrhage as well as providing a bridge to more definitive medical or surgical intervention focused upon the etiology of the hemorrhage

Minimally invasive ablative techniques of liver tumors

Само 5-15% от пациентите с НСС или с чернодробни метастази могат да бъдат подложени на чернодробна резекция, поради различни противопоказания: голям брой тумори, тумори на трудно достъпни места, недостатъчен чернодробен обем за резекция. Вариантите за перкутанно лечение могат да бъдат: Химичната аблация: инжектиране на етанол или оцетна киселина; Термалната аблация: (а) криохирургични аблация (CSA/КХА): използване на течен азот, аргон, или NO2; (б) коагулационната: използване на радиочестотен ток (RFA/РФА); Микровълнова аблация (MWA/МВ); лазерна интерстициална термотерапия (ЛИТТ) или високоинтензивен фокусиран ултразвук (HIFU/ ВФУ); Необратима електропорация (IRE).Only 5-15% of patients with HCC or liver metastases may undergo hepatic resection due to different contraindications: a large number of tumors, tumors in hard-to-reach places, insufficient hepatic volume for resection. The options for percutaneous treatment can be: Chemical Ablation: Injection of Ethanol or Acetic Acid; Thermal ablation: (a) cryosurgical ablation (CSA): use of liquid nitrogen, argon, or NO2; (b) Coagulation: Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA); Microwave ablation (MWA); Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy (LITT) or High Intensive Focused Ultrasound (HIFU); Irreversible electroporation (IRE)

Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies

Отворената хирургия е златен стандарт за лечение на хепатоцелуларен карцином (НСС) и чернодробни метастази от рак на дебелото черво. Днес чернодробната резекция е все още само лечебен вариант за пациенти с рак на черния дроб, с 5-годишната преживяемост между 25-60%, в сравнение с 0% 5-годишна преживяемост без никакви лечение. Само 5-15% от пациентите с НСС или с чернодробни метастази могат да бъдат подложени на чернодробна резекция поради различни противопоказания: голям брой тумори, тумори на труднодостъпни места, недостатъчен чернодробен обем за резекция.Open surgery is a gold standard for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer. Today, liver resection is still only a radically option for patients with liver cancer, with a 5-year survival rate of 25-60%, compared with 0% 5-year survival without any treatment. Only 5-15% of patients with HCC or liver metastases may undergo hepatic resection due to different contraindications: a large number of tumors, tumors in hard-to-reach places, insufficient hepatic volume for resection

N-Wave Equations with Orthogonal Algebras: Z_2 and Z_2 × Z_2 Reductions and Soliton Solutions

We consider N-wave type equations related to the orthogonal algebras obtained from the generic ones via additional reductions. The first Z_2-reduction is the canonical one. We impose a second Z_2-reduction and consider also the combined action of both reductions. For all three types of N-wave equations we construct the soliton solutions by appropriately modifying the Zakharov-Shabat dressing method. We also briefly discuss the different types of one-soliton solutions. Especially rich are the types of one-soliton solutions in the case when both reductions are applied. This is due to the fact that we have two different configurations of eigenvalues for the Lax operator L: doublets, which consist of pairs of purely imaginary eigenvalues, and quadruplets. Such situation is analogous to the one encountered in the sine-Gordon case, which allows two types of solitons: kinks and breathers. A new physical system, describing Stokes-anti Stokes Raman scattering is obtained. It is represented by a 4-wave equation related to the B_2 algebra with a canonical Z_2 reduction

Assessment of vulnerability to storm induced flood hazard along diverse coastline settings

European coasts suffer notably from hazards caused by low-probability and high-impact hydrometeorological events. The aim of the study is to assess in probabilistic terms the magnitude of storm‐induced flooding hazard along Varna regional coast (Bulgaria, western Black Sea) and to identify susceptible coastal sectors (hotspots). The study is performed employing the Coastal Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF) developed within EU FP7 RISC-KIT project. It constitutes a screening process that allows estimation of relevant hazard intensities, extents and potential receptors’ exposure vulnerability within predefined sectors. Total water level was the chief property considered for calculation of coastal flooding hazard. It was estimated using Holman model (for sandy beaches) and EurOtop formulation (for artificial or rocky slopes). Resulting values were subjected to Extreme Value Analysis to establish that the best fitting distribution corresponds to Generalized Extreme Value distribution. Furthermore, hazard extents were modelled by means of bathtubbing or overwash estimation in order to form the flooding hazard indicator. Land use, social vulnerability, transport systems, utilities and business settings were considered as exposure indicators. Finally, potential risk was assessed by coastal indices following an index-based methodology, which combines hazard and exposure indicators into a single index, thereby providing base for comparison of coastal sectors’ vulnerability. The study found that the concentration of hotspots is highest in Varna Bay