Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Delonix regia (Boj. Ex. Hook)

The present work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Delonix regia leaves (Family: Caesalpiniaceae). The powder of Delonix regia leaves was subjected to extraction with ethanol in soxhlet extractor. The ethanol extract after preliminary phytochemical investigation showed the presence of sterols, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma at a three different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) of ethanol extract. The ethanol extract of Delonix regia leaves was exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity at the dose of 400 mg/kg in both models when compared with control group. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w. p.o) was also shown significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models

Seismic Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Framed Structures

The design and construction of earthquake resistant structures can counter the aspect of the earthquake hazard with effective application of engineering knowledge. Most seismic design codes today include the nonlinear response of a structure implicitly through ‘Response reduction factor’(R) by IS 1893 (Part I):2002.This factor allows a designer to use a linear elastic force-based design while accounting for non-linear behavior and deformation limits. Performance based seismic design method which is recent path of seismic assessment, both efficient and effective to avoid future earthquake losses. In this work, performance based seismic design of buildings by pushover analysis method in four different seismic zones II, III, IV and V studied. For analysis building models of G+12, G+16 and G+20 stories, plan rectangular shaped generated by a computer program SAP 2000(version 19).In this present work attempt is made to study and obtained Response Reduction Factor in different zones II, III, IV and V. Also different parameters like displacement, drift, pushover curves, performance point and plastic hinge mechanism studied

An Unusual Presentation of “Two-Thirds Tumor” in the Mandible – A Diagnostic Quandary with a Review of the Literature

An adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon benign tumor of the oral cavity commonly found in the maxillary anterior region and is associated with impacted canines in young females. It rarely occurs in the mandibular region with no impacted or missing teeth. A 21-year-old female reported to the clinic with swelling on the right side of the face for the past six months with no history of pain. Radiographic features such as unilocular radiolucency with thinning of the cortical borders and considerable buccal cortical expansion, as well as some evidence of radiopaque specks were noted. Histopathological examination revealed cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, rosette-like structures with focal areas of calcified mass, and concentric rings resembling Liesegang rings, suggestive of AOT. The tumor was treated surgically by enucleation and cauterization. Although follicular type is a common variant, the tumor presented in this case was of extrafollicular type noted in the mandibular canine and premolar regions of a young female patient with no related impacted tooth

Beneficial role of antioxidants during liver transplantation

Background & Objectives: Initial graft dysfunction, an event mainly due to the unavoidable ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the transplanted organ, is one of the most important early post-operative problems in liver transplantation. It is well known that antioxidants significantly improves early allograft function and both graft and patient survival. Thus, the present study was carried out to evaluate the exact role of antioxidants during liver transplantation. Method: We assessed serum lipid peroxide (as oxidant), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and serum vitamin E (as antioxidant) in 30 patients undergoing liver transplantation and equal numbers of healthy subjects. Results: We found that the concentration of serum lipid peroxide (MDA) was significantly increased and antioxidants were significantly decreased in all stages of liver transplant patients as compared with healthy controls (P<0.001). On reperfusion there was pronounced consumption of antioxidants and highly elevated levels of serum lipid peroxide was seen than in those of pre-reperfusion and post-reperfusion stages (P<0.0001) of liver transplantations. Conclusion: Antioxidants can be used in liver transplantation patients to effectively reduce the severity of reperfusion injury and to improve short-term allograft function and patient survival

Role of insulin in management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its resultant morbidity and mortality is rapidly increasing. An important factor in reducing the microvascular complications of diabetes is strict glycemic control. Most patients require additional insulin therapy in spite of regularly taking oral anti-diabetic drugs. Though classically used later in the natural course of the disease, newer treatment guidelines suggest early initiation of insulin analogues. The discovery of insulin has been hailed as one of the most dramatic events in the history of diabetes, improving the life-span of most diabetics. Replacement insulin therapy should mimic physiological insulin release patterns. Modern insulin and its analogues have been developed to serve as an ideal replacement therapy. There are various insulin preparations available in the market and each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. The modern insulin’s have been developed to overcome certain side effects of the older preparations. A range of insulin products are under development that aim to increase absorption prolong action and provide alternative delivery methods. Greater patient adherence is important since most patients are reticent about insulin therapy.  This review describes the role of insulin in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ayurveda management of Rheumatoid Arthritis - A Case Study

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can cause joint pain and damage throughout the body. Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect more on joints. As per Ayurvedic science Rheumatoid Arthritis sign and symptoms resemblance with Aamvata. Aamvata is the disease caused by impairment of Agni, formation of Ama and vitiation of Vatadosha. There is limited treatment in modern science for rheumatoid arthritis. Ayurveda treatment has the best result for Amavata. So in this case study Ayurveda treatment has used to cure Aamvata

Ayurveda management of Psoriasis - A Case Study

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder of skin, results in hyper proliferation of the skin. It is a chronic skin disease characterized by dry skin and raised, rough, red areas on the skin covered with fine silvery scales. A clear skin description is available in Charaka Samhita under Kushtha. Ayurved management is quite effective in Psoriasis as compared to modern treatment. The line of treatment in present given study is Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa. Virechana therapy followed by internal medicinal treatment is considered as good management of skin disorder

Ayurveda management of Osteo Arthritis (Sandhigata Vata) - A Case Study

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis affecting millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the end of your bone wears down overtime. In Ayurveda osteoarthritis correlate to Sandhigat Vata. The common sign and symptoms of this disease is present in the form of Shoola, Shotha, Vatapoornadriti Sparsha and difficulty in flexion and extension of Sandhi. In modern science the available treatment is use of NSAID, Calcium supplement and finally replacement therapy. Due to this there are large no of patients suffering from this disease come towards Ayurveda. Ayurveda treatment by its Chikitsa Siddhant gives remarkable relief in osteoarthritis. In this case study a 60 yrs patient suffering from osteoarthritis of both knee joint got good relief

Phytochemical investigation and anti-Inflammatory activity of Coccinia indica wight and arn. (Cucurbitaceae) fruits

The present work was to study the anti-inflammatory activity of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn fruits belonging to family Cucurbitaceae. The fruit powder of C. indica was subjected to successive extraction with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water in a Soxhlet extractor. The ethanol extract after preliminary phytochemical investigation shown the presence of glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema and cotton pellet granuloma at three different doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) of each extract. The ethanol extract of C. indica fruits exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in both models when compared with control group. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w. p.o) also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Exploring the therapeutic mechanisms of Cassia glauca in diabetes mellitus through network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics

Cassia glauca is reported as anti-diabetic medicinal plant and is also used as an ethnomedicine. However, its mode of action as an anti-diabetic agent has not been clearly elucidated. Hence, the present study investigated the probable mechanism of action of C. glauca to manage diabetes mellitus via network pharmacology and molecular docking and simulations studies. The reported bioactives from C. glauca were retrieved from an open-source database, i.e. ChEBI, and their targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction. The proteins involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes were identified from the therapeutic target database. The targets involved in diabetes were enriched in STRING, and the pathways involved in diabetes were identified concerning the KEGG. Cytoscape was used to construct the network among bioactives, proteins, and probably regulated pathways, which were analyzed based on edge count. Similarly, molecular docking was performed using the Glide module of the Schrodinger suite against majorly targeted proteins with their respective ligands. Additionally, the drug-likeness score and ADMET profile of the individual bioactives were predicted using MolSoft and admetSAR2.0 respectively. The stability of these complexes were further studied via molecular dynamics simulations and binding energy calculations. Twenty-three bio-actives were retrieved from the ChEBI database in which cassiarin B was predicted to modulate the highest number of proteins involved in diabetes mellitus. Similarly, GO analysis identified the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to be primarily regulated by modulating the highest number of gene. Likewise, aldose reductase (AKR1B1) was majorly targeted via the bioactives of C. glauca. Similarly, docking study revealed methyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate (docking score −9.209) to possess the highest binding affinity with AKR1B1. Additionally, drug-likeness prediction identified cassiaoccidentalin B to possess the highest drug-likeness score, i.e. 0.84. The molecular dynamics simulations and the MMGBSA indicate high stability and greater binding energy for the methyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate (ΔGbind = −40.33 ± 6.69 kcal mol−1) with AKR1B1, thus complementing results from other experiments. The study identified cassiarin B, cassiaoccidentalin B, and cinnamtannin A2 as lead hits for the anti-diabetic activity of C. glauca. Further, the PI3K-Akt and AKR1B1 were traced as majorly modulated pathway and target, respectively