Economic Globalization: A Study of Foreign Direct Investment’s Impact on U.S. Wages

The United States labor market is undergoing seismic changes as it becomes more intertwined with the global economy. But this reality is not unique to the United States; technological innovation and the globalization phenomenon are shaping a world that is more socially, politically, and economically integrated than ever before. The Merriam Webster dictionary defines globalization as “the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor markets.” The definition alone indicates that globalization capitalizes on international labor market inequities. The question immediately arises; is this a good thing or a bad thing for the average worker in the United States? What about other countries? Or maybe a better question would be even more general; who benefits from globalization and why? Answering these questions is crucial to understanding transformations within the labor market. This paper is an investigation of how free trade and free flow of capital influences US wages. Ultimately, its aim is to inform policy to anticipate shifts in demand for skilled and unskilled workers alike. This research contributes to the large body of literature focused on ensuring that the United States’ labor market is as robust, efficient, and just as possible

Pathogenesis of Haemophilus parasuis infection in swine

An experimental model of Haemophilus parasuis infection was developed in cesarean derived, colostrum deprived (CDCD) swine. Inoculated pigs developed clinical signs of inappetence, reluctance to move, lameness, and a serous nasal discharge. Macroscopic findings consisted of fibrinopurulent polyserositis and polyarthritis. Microscopic lesions included a mild purulent rhinitis, marked fibrinopurulent synovitis, and moderate fibrinopurulent pleuritis and peritonitis. H. parasuis was initially recovered from the nasal cavity and recovered from the blood and systemic serosal sites at later time points. Results of this study suggested that this model resulted in clinical signs and lesions consistent with field cases of H. parasuis infection;In subsequent studies, the CDCD swine model and an agar embedded nasal mucosal explant system were used to investigate mucosal colonization. In CDCD pigs, H. parasuis was readily recovered from the middle nasal cavity and not recovered from the tonsil. Antigens of H. parasuis were present in sections from the middle and caudal nasal cavity. Light microscopic lesions consisted of submucosal and intraepithelial infiltrates of neutrophils and infrequent, patchy loss of cilia. Ultrastructural changes in the nasal mucosal epithelial cells included cell protrusion, loss of cilia, and dilation of the cytocavitary network. Bacteria were found in an amorphous material at the apical mucosal surface or between cilia. In the nasal mucosal explant system, control explants maintained ciliary vigor for up to 72 hours. Infected explants had decreased ciliary vigor at 2 and 4 hours post inoculation and increased mucus accumulation. Light microscopic changes consisted of minimal epithelial cell protrusion. Ultrastructural changes in infected explants included cell protrusion, loss of cilia, and mitochondrial swelling. These studies demonstrate that H. parasuis induces functional and structural damage of the nasal mucosa. H. parasuis may initially associate with a mucus layer and induce damage to the underlying mucosa by release of one or more toxic compounds. This cellular damage compromises the mucosal barrier and may lead to invasion and systemic spread of infection

Clinical matrices and ethics in Freud

O presente estudo hipotetiza que as diferentes matrizes clínicas que Freud encontrava em sua prática, e que lhe possibilitavam acréscimos teóricos, direcionaram seus distintos olhares sobre a cultura, fazendo-o privilegiar alguns elementos éticos em detrimento de outros. Desse modo, indicaremos: (1) como a histeria gerou a questão do conflito entre sexualidade e moral na civilização; (2) como a neurose obsessiva possibilitou a entrada dos temas da agressividade e do ódio como entraves contra os quais a cultura se esforça por lutar, assim como a presença marcante no psiquismo da consciência moral e do sentimento de culpa; (3) por fim, como as ditas afecções narcísicas trouxeram a Freud o papel do egoísmo e da destrutividade como inimigos da cultura. Nesse percurso nos aproximaremos das questões ligadas à problematização ética na "psicologia" freudiana e, a partir daí, do destaque que terá a dimensão moral na concepção freudiana do sujeito.The present study is guided by the hypothesis that the different clinical matrices found by Freud in his practice, which provided him theoretical additions, directed his different perspectives about culture, making him privilege some ethical elements over others. Therefore, we will indicate: (1) how hysteria was responsible for bringing Freud the issue of conflict between sexuality and morality in civilization; (2) the obsessive neurosis enabled the entering of the aggressiveness and hate themes as obstacles against which the culture strives to fight, as well as the outstanding presence in the psyche of the moral conscience and the sentiment of guilt; (3) at last, the so called narcissistic conditions brought to Freud the role of selfishness and destructiveness as enemies of culture. In this way we will approach the issues related to the ethical problematization in Freudian "psychology" and, thereafter, the prominence that the moral dimension will have in Freudian conception of the subject

Discrimination of different volcanic rock units by magnetic properties — geothermal field at Reykjanes peninsula (SW-Iceland)

The geothermal field at Reykjanes peninsula is located at the boundary where the submarine Reykjanes Ridge passes over into the rift zone of southwestern Iceland. The geothermal field coincides with a magnetic low in the aeromagnetic anomaly map and is situated within a dense NE–SW fissure and fault zone. Surface geology is characterized by different historic fissure eruptions (youngest from 1226AD), shield lava (12.5–14.5 ka) and intercalated pillow basalt–hyaloclastite ridges probably formed during the last glacial episode (14.5–20 ka). During a field magnetic study in the vicinity of the geothermal field in summer 2005 different volcanic rock units have been sampled to correlate rock magnetic and magneto-mineralogical properties with magnetic field intensity. Additionally, measurements on a dense dolerite intrusion, recovered from the RN–19 borehole (2245–2248m depth) in May 2005 within the frame of IDDP, should shed light on the influence of crustal rocks on the total magnetic field intensity. Generally, the natural remanent magnetization and magnetic susceptibility, measured on rock specimen, is high, ranging between 2.5 and 33.6Am−1 and 2–37 ×10−3 SI, respectively...conferenc

Development of a Mineral-Specific Sorption Database for Surface Complexation Modeling (Final Report and Manual)

RES³T - the Rossendorf Expert System for Surface and Sorption Thermodynamics - is a digitized thermodynamic sorption database, implemented as a relational database. It is mineral-specific and can therefore also be used for additive models of more complex solid phases such as rocks or soils. An integrated user interface helps users to access selected mineral and sorption data, to extract internally consistent data sets for sorption modeling, and to export them into formats suitable for other modeling software. Data records comprise of mineral properties, specific surface area values, characteristics of surface binding sites and their protolysis, sorption ligand information, and surface complexation reactions. An extensive bibliography is also included, providing links not only to the above listed data items, but also to background information concerning surface complexation model theories, surface species evidence, and sorption experiment techniques. The RES³T database is intended for an international use. This requires high standards in availability, consistency and actuality. Therefore the authors of the database decided to couple the database onto an authorization tool