The water, energy, and land footprint of tilapia aquaculture in Mexico, a comparison of the footprints of fish and meat

In the food-energy-water (FEW) nexus, livestock has a dominant place. It is generally considered as water, energy and land-intensive. Aquaculture could provide additional animal protein and contribute to meeting the food demand. However, aquaculture requires natural resources and causes freshwater pollution due to aquafeed, fertilizer, and hormone use. This study assesses the sustainability of aquaculture using the indicators water footprint (WF), energy footprint (EF) and land footprint (LF), comparing results with livestock. It uses extensive, semi-intensive and intensive Tilapia aquaculture in Mexico as a case study including broodstock, breeding, fattening, processing, and transportation phases. Tilapia production in intensive aquaculture has the largest footprints. Blue WFs are smallest in semi-intensive systems; green WFs, EFs and LFs are smallest for extensive systems. For protein, tilapia from intensive systems has the largest WF (126 l/g protein), beef (51 l/g), pork (33 l/g) and poultry (14 l/g) have smaller WFs. EFs per unit of protein or nutritional energy fall in the range of values for beef, poultry and pork. LFs of Tilapia (m2/kg) are larger than LFs of poultry but fall in the range of beef and pork. Per unit of nutritional energy EFs are similar to EFs for beef but larger than EFs of poultry and pork. From a FEW nexus perspective, it is not more sustainable to replace livestock with Tilapia. Tilapia requires more freshwater than beef, pork and poultry and pollutes larger amounts of water. For energy and land, Tilapia is not the better choice, because footprints are comparableS

Viages de Enrique Wanton a las tierras incógnitas australes y al País de las Monas...

Wanton, Enrico es pseudónimo del Conde Zacaris de Seriman (Palau XXVIII, p. 52)Vaca de Guzman y Manrique, Gutierre Joaquin firma como Joaquín de Guzman y Manrique (Palau VI, p. 501)Sign.: [parágrafo]4, [paragrafo]4, A-Y4Las. hh. de lam. calc.:" J. Patiño, sculp.

Characteristics of persons convicted for offences relating to animal hoarding in New South Wales

Objective To highlight the characteristics of persons convicted for offences related to animal hoarding in New South Wales, Australia, document the outcomes of cases and compare them with overseas studies. Design Retrospective case series. Methods Records of finalised prosecutions for offences relating to animal hoarding between 2005 and 2011 were examined. Data recorded included: the age of each subject at the first offence, sex, postcode, occupation, living conditions, number of charges, number of prosecutions, title of each charge, number and species of live animals, whether animals needed veterinary attention, the medical conditions that the animals suffered, whether dead animals were on the property, how animals were obtained, veterinary and legal costs accrued and case outcomes. The data were analysed to obtain frequencies and relative frequencies for categorical variables and summary statistics for quantitative variables. Observed frequencies were compared using Chi-square test with the expected frequencies calculated based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics data for NSW. Results The number of persons included was 29. Most were female (72.4%) and 23 were 40–64 years of age at their first offence. Almost one-third identified themselves as breeders, eight as pensioners and four as unemployed. Most resided in inner regional Australia (45%), 28% lived in major cities and 28% lived in outer regional Australia. Dogs were the species hoarded in 80% of cases. Animals requiring veterinary attention were identified in all cases. Dead animals were found on premises in 41.4% of cases. Conclusions Persons prosecuted for charges relating to animal hoarding in NSW have similar characteristics to those of previous studies, although the outcomes may be different. More farm animals and horses were hoarded in NSW and hoarders in NSW were more likely to live in inner regional and outer regional areas (rural areas) than animal hoarders in the USA. Keywords: animal hoarding;animal welfar

Suplemento, o sea tomo tercero de los viages de Enrique Wanton al pais de las monas ...

Se trata de la primera parte del suplementoEnrico Wanton es seud. del Conde Zaccaria SerimanSign.: [calderón]-2[calderón]4, 3[calderón]2, A-Z4, 2A-2I4Notas a pie de págReclamosLas h. de grab. calc. "Patiño f.", entre p. 58-59 y p. 200-20

LCA case study: comparison between independent and coproduction pathways for the production of ethyl and n-butyl acetates

The production of ethyl acetate and n-butyl acetate was investigated through two different pathways: either by independent reactions or by coproduction. In the coproduction pathway, the n-butyl acetate was produced by reusing the by-products of the synthesis of ethyl acetate. This study provides a comparison of the environmental impacts of these two pathways using a life cycle assessment (LCA). A discussion about the use of LCA on chemicals and its challenges was also developed

Arqueologia e história indígena no Pantanal

O artigo apresenta uma síntese dos dados arqueológicos sobre o Pantanal e o seu entorno, principalmente em Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. Elaborado com base na noção de arqueologia como história indígena de longa duração, o artigo considera as trajetórias de estabelecimento e consolidação territorial da ocupação indígena regional, os processos de formação da configuração etnográfica encontrada pelos europeus e os impactos do colonialismo. O principal objetivo consiste em mostrar que a diversidade cultural característica do cenário etnográfico pantaneiro está associada à dinâmica histórica e cultural da ocupação indígena desde períodos anteriores à chegada dos conquistadores e colonizadores de origem europeia.The article presents an overview of the archaeological data on the Pantanal and its surrounding areas, mainly in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Prepared based on the notion of archeology as long term indigenous history, the article considers the trajectories of territorial establishment and consolidation of the regional indigenous occupation, the formation processes of ethnographic setting found by Europeans and the impact of colonialism. The main objective is to show that cultural diversity characteristic of the Pantanal ethnographic scenario is associated with historical and cultural dynamics of indigenous occupation from periods prior to the arrival of the conquistadors and settlers of European origin

Obras de Joseph Maria Vaca de Guzman ... ; tomo I.

Sign.: [ ]\p12\s, A-S\p8\s, T\p9\sAnte

Obras

Sign.: [ ]\p2\s, a\p8\s, A-Y\p8\s, Z\p4\sAntepError de pag., de la p. 344 pasa a la p. 34

Obras de Joseph Maria Vaca de Guzman ... ; tomo II.

Sign.: [ ]\p3\s, a\p8\s, A-Q\p8\s, R\p7\sAnte