Consumo de alcohol en menores de edad en Loja, Zamora y Santiago de Cali

Consumption of alcohol on Young people in open space at the nights of weekends, is a psychosocial and cultural phenomenon known as "Botellón" "meeting around bottle" (12-17 years old) on the cities of Loja and Zamora (Ecuador) and Cali (Colombia). From this identification of the phenomenon, characteristics of groups of young people will be the units of participation in defining strategies for the design and development of mentoring programs aimed at preventing drug and leisure education will be established in adolescents. On the other hand the importance of training of university students on this topic will be a relevant factor for the formation of groups like youth mediators and research assistants in the process of data collection. All this will strengthen a network of national research for the socialization of this academic experience and research, together with the National Council for the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances (CONSEP) are going to present others university these experiences. A network of more international research involving Huelva University (Spain) and Santiago de Cali University (Colombia).El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en los jóvenes en un espacio abierto durante las noches de los fines de semana, es un fenómeno psicosocial y cultura! que se lo conoce como "botellón", que requiere de la identificación y localizaron, de dicha manifestación, en las ciudades de Loja y Zamora (Ecuador) y Santiago de Calí (Colombia). A partir de esta identificación del fenómeno, se establecerán características de los grupos de jóvenes que serán las unidades de participación para la definición de estrategias para el diseño y desarrollo de programas de orientación, dirigidos a la prevención del consumo y de educación para e! ocio en adolescentes. Por otro lado la importancia de la formación de los estudiantes universitarios sobre este terna, será un factor de relevancia para la conformación de grupos corno mediadores juveniles y asistentes de investigación en el proceso de recogida de datos. Todo esto permitirá fortalecer una red de investigación a nivel nacional para la socialización de esta experiencia académica y de investigación, que conjuntamente con e! Consejo Nacional de Control de Sustancias Estupefacientes y Psicotrópicas (CONSEP), se la presentará a nivel de instituciones universitarias. Además contaremos con una red de investigación a nivel internacional con la participación de la Universidad de Hueva (España) y la Universidad Santiago de Cali (Colombia)

Consumo de alcohol en menores de edad en Loja, Zamora y Santiago de cali alcohol underage.

Consumption of alcohol on Young people in open space at the nights of weekends, is a psychosocial and cultural phenomenon known as “Botellón” “meeting around bottle” (12-17 years old) on the cities of Loja and Zamora (Ecuador) and Cali (Colombia). From this identification of the phenomenon, characteristics of groups of young people will be the units of participation in defining strategies for the design and development of mentoring programs aimed at preventing drug and leisure education will be established in adolescents. On the other hand the importance of training of university students on this topic will be a relevant factor for the formation of groups like youth mediators and research assistants in the process of data collection. All this will strengthen a network of national research for the socialization of this academic experience and research, together with the National Council for the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances (CONSEP) are going to present others university these experiences. A network of more international research involving Huelva University (Spain) and Santiago de Cali University (Colombia).El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en los jóvenes en un espacio abierto durante las noches de los fines de semana, es un fenómeno psicosocial y cultural que se lo conoce como “botellón”, que requiere de la identificación y localización, de dicha manifestación, en las ciudades de Loja y Zamora (Ecuador) y Santiago de Cali (Colombia). A partir de esta identificación del fenómeno, se establecerán características de los grupos de jóvenes que serán las unidades de participación para la definición de estrategias para el diseño y desarrollo de programas de orientación, dirigidos a la prevención del consumo y de educación para el ocio en adolescentes. Por otro lado la importancia de la formación de los estudiantes universitarios sobre este tema, será un factor de relevancia para la conformación de grupos como mediadores juveniles y asistentes de investigación en el proceso de recogida de datos. Todo esto permitirá fortalecer una red de investigación a nivel nacional para la socialización de esta experiencia académica y de investigación, que conjuntamente con el Consejo Nacional de Control de Sustancias Estupefacientes y Psicotrópicas (CONSEP), se la presentará a nivel de instituciones universitarias. Además contaremos con una red de investigación a nivel internacional con la participación de la Universidad de Hueva (España) y la Universidad Santiago de Cali (Colombia)

El papel de la edad de inicio en el consumo problemático de alcohol: ¿artefacto o efecto de cohorte?

La edad de inicio se ha señalado como un predictor crucial del consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia. Sin embargo, varios autores han advertido que se trata de un artefacto poco fiable que se explica por la tendencia a retrasar la edad de inicio a medida que aumenta la edad de los encuestados (forward telescoping o sesgo de memoria). Este estudio pretende comprobar si la edad de inicio es una medida aproximativa de la edad o un predictor del consumo de alcohol por sí mismo. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión jerárquica y la Macro Process para SPSS para probar el efecto de la edad de inicio (controlando la edad) en el consumo de alcohol y el papel mediador/moderador de la edad de inicio, el control parental y el sexo en el consumo de alcohol, respectivamente. Los resultados confirman el papel de la edad de inicio como predictor significativo del consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes ecuatorianos en lugar de artefacto. Además, la edad de inicio medió completamente el efecto de la edad en el consumo de alcohol, con frecuencia moderado por el sexo. Se discuten posteriormente las implicaciones prácticas.Age of onset has been reported as a crucial predictor for alcohol consumption in adolescence. However, several authors have warned against it as an unreliable artefact accounted by the tendency to delay age of onset as respondents’ age increases (forward telescoping). This study aims to test whether age of onset is either a proxy for age or a predictor of alcohol consumption of its own. A hierarchical regression model and Process Macro for SPSS were used to test the effect of age of onset (controlling for age) on alcohol consumption and the mediating/moderator role of age of onset, parental control, and sex on alcohol consumption, respectively. Results support the role of age of onset as a significant predictor of alcohol consumption in Ecuadorian adolescents, rather than an artefact. Furthermore, age of onset completely mediated the effect of age on alcohol consumption, often moderated by sex. Practical implications are further discussed

Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as a screening tool for depression among Ecuadorian college students

Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is the most well-known self-report measure to screen for depressive symptomatology, although discerning which is the factor structure that represents the best fit remains a challenge. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Spanish version of the PHQ-9 in a large sample of Ecuadorian college students. Methods: A total of 5,394 students (M = 22.03 years; SD = 3.05; 54.8% female) from three Ecuadorian universities were surveyed using a computerized questionnaire within a 4-week assessment period. The PHQ-9 was tested for factorial structure, reliability, and correlations with other mental health-related measures. Results: The hierarchical model that included a general factor and three nested factors had a better fit, and such a hierarchical structure remained invariant across sex and age. Total omega value (ω) was 0.90 for the total scale and hierarchical omega values (ωh) were 0.68 for the general factor, as well as 0.34, 0.38, and 0.44 for the respective nested factors (somatic, cognitive/affective, concentration/motor). Moreover, PHQ-9 scores were significantly higher among women, although effect sizes of comparison of those sex differences were very small. Finally, the PHQ-9 scores correlated with multiple mental health indicators (psychological inflexibility, loneliness, stress, and satisfaction with life). Discussion: The Spanish version of the PHQ-9 showed good psychometric properties among Ecuadorian college students. The hierarchical structure showed the best fit for the data, including not only a dominant general factor, but also the somatic, cognitive/affective and concentration/motor subcomponents. In conclusion, the PHQ-9 tool seems to represent an easy-to-implement screening questionnaire to design preventive programs for those Ecuadorian college students at risk of developing depressive disorders

Compassionate engagement and action in healthcare professions education: A cross-sectional study in an Ecuadorian University.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring the compassion attitudes and needs for awareness and training related to a compassionate approach for Medicine, Nursing, and Psychology students, as well as for the academic and administration personnel from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL, Ecuador) Health Sciences area. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study, based on a self-administered questionnaire through a sample of 788 UPTL students. STROBE guidelines were followed and applied. Results: A positive correlation was found between life engagement and compassion for others, from others, and self-compassion. The Nursing students were those who reported having previous experiences of contact with people with an advanced disease or in an end-of-life situation and having received some type of training compared to Medicine and Psychology students and lecturers (faculty members). Differences were found on the “self-compassion” and “compassion for others” subscales, noting a higher level of compassion among Psychology students. Conclusions: To implement the philosophy of compassionate universities it is necessary to design trainings that include the students, the faculty members, and the administrative staff, centered on sensitization and training about assistance, care, and accompaniment at the end of life, as well as cultivating compassion in the workplace