2,702 research outputs found

    Chord Label Personalization through Deep Learning of Integrated Harmonic Interval-based Representations

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    The increasing accuracy of automatic chord estimation systems, the availability of vast amounts of heterogeneous reference annotations, and insights from annotator subjectivity research make chord label personalization increasingly important. Nevertheless, automatic chord estimation systems are historically exclusively trained and evaluated on a single reference annotation. We introduce a first approach to automatic chord label personalization by modeling subjectivity through deep learning of a harmonic interval-based chord label representation. After integrating these representations from multiple annotators, we can accurately personalize chord labels for individual annotators from a single model and the annotators' chord label vocabulary. Furthermore, we show that chord personalization using multiple reference annotations outperforms using a single reference annotation.Comment: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Deep Learning and Music, Anchorage, US, May, 2017 (arXiv:1706.08675v1 [cs.NE]

    Grain Dynamics In Magnetized Interstellar Gas

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    Interstellar medium is turbulent and this induces relative motions of dust grains. We calculate relative velocities of charged grains in a partially ionized magnetized gas. We account for anisotropy of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, grain coupling with magnetic field, and the turbulence cutoff arising from the ambipolar drag. We obtain grain velocities for turbulence with parameters consistent with those in HI and dark clouds. Those velocities are smaller than those in earlier papers, where MHD effects were disregarded. Finally, we compare grain velocities arising from photoelectric emission, radiation pressure and thrusts from molecular hydrogen formation. We conclude that turbulence should prevent segregation of grains of different sizes.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, ApJL, in pres

    Spectrum of cosmic rays, produced in supernova remnants

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    Nonlinear kinetic theory of cosmic ray (CR) acceleration in supernova remnants is employed to calculate CR spectra. The magnetic field in SNRs is assumed to be significantly amplified by the efficiently accelerating nuclear CR component. It is shown that the calculated CR spectra agree in a satisfactory way with the existing measurements up to the energy 101710^{17} eV. The power law spectrum of protons extends up to the energy 3×10153\times 10^{15} eV with a subsequent exponential cutoff. It gives a natural explanation for the observed knee in the Galactic CR spectrum. The maximum energy of the accelerated nuclei is proportional to their charge number ZZ. Therefore the break in the Galactic CR spectrum is the result of the contribution of progressively heavier species in the overall CR spectrum so that at 101710^{17} eV the CR spectrum is dominated by iron group nuclei. It is shown that this component plus a suitably chosen extragalactic CR component can give a consistent description for the entire Galactic CR spectrum.Comment: 4 pages with emulateapj, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letter

    Electron-beam and AFM domain writing in the relaxor ferroelectric SBN

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    This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Researches (projects Nos. 16-29-11777ofi-m and 16-0200439a)

    Effect of Magnetization Inhomogeneity on Magnetic Microtraps for Atoms

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    We report on the origin of fragmentation of ultracold atoms observed on a permanent magnetic film atom chip. A novel technique is used to characterize small spatial variations of the magnetic field near the film surface using radio frequency spectroscopy of the trapped atoms. Direct observations indicate the fragmentation is due to a corrugation of the magnetic potential caused by long range inhomogeneity in the film magnetization. A model which takes into account two-dimensional variations of the film magnetization is consistent with the observations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

    УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ РОЗРАХУНКУ ЗАКРИТОЇ КОЛЕКТОРНО-ДРЕНАЖНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ ДРЕНАЖНИХ СИСТЕМ

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    Research relevance. Climatic changes determine the need to ensure a high productivity of drained lands through the use of appropriate adaptive measures for regulating and accumulating moisture in the soil. Therefore, the issue of changing approaches to the creation and operation of water reclamation facilities on drained lands gains relevance. Relevant are also changes in the methodology of projects for drainage systems construction and reconstruction and their optimal design solutions (type, design, systems parameters, and components of their technical elements) in the closed collecting and drainage network. In this case, the closed collecting and drainage network is a key element of the drainage system, which can operate in the drainage and soil moisture regime. Aim of the study is to reveal new approaches to improving the methods of dimensioning the closed collecting and drainage network of drainage systems operating in the regime of drainage and soil moisture, based on justifying the relationship and considering the impact of network efficiency on the efficiency of water regulation on drained lands. Research methods. The analysis and generalization of the existing researches and methods on justification of the type, design, and parameters of the closed collecting and drainage network in the regime of drainage and soil moisture of the drained lands is executed. Systems approach and systems analyses were used to determine the existence of a structural relationship between the operation regime of the closed collecting and drainage network and the water regime of the drained lands. In performing the theoretical research, methods of mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamic structure of turbulent flow in pressure pipes using Navier-Stokes differential equations were applied. To confirm the adequacy of the obtained analytical models, the methods of statistical processing of experimental research results by Nikuradze I., Shevelyov F.O., and Altshul A.D. were used. Research findings and main conclusions. Thus, based on the performed theoretical and experimental research, we have proposed relatively new scientific positions in contrast to the semi-empirical theories for determining the hydrodynamic structure of the flow in the pressure pipe. This allows for dimensioning the entire hydrodynamic structure for all areas of the turbulent flow based on the application of the obtained universal equations. That is, we can construct a distribution profile of the total turbulent kinematic viscosity, averaged velocity, tangential stresses, and angular velocities of fluid particles. Prospects. The presented approach will make it possible to determine the efficiency of flow in drainage pipes and in a closed collecting and drainage network. Also, this approach will further be helpful in improving the methods of designing and dimensioning technological and structural parameters of the network and ensuring the overall technical, technological, economic, and environmental efficiency of drainage systems.Виклики сучасності та зміни клімату,а також наявне спрацювання ресурсу, визначають за необхідне удосконалення типу, конструкції та параметрів закритої колекторно-дренажної мережі, як визначального регулюючого елемента дренажних систем, у проектах їх реконструкції та модернізації. Тому розглянуто необхідність та науково-методичні підходи до удосконалення розрахунку закритої колекторно-дренажної мережі дренажних систем, які працюють у режимі осушення та підґрунтового зволоження, на основі врахування впливу ефективності її роботи на ефективність регулювання водного режиму осушуваних земель. На основі застосування системної методології визначено наявність та структуру ієрархічного і гідравлічного взаємозв’язку між водним режимом поля з режимом роботи закритої колекторно-дренажної мережі, ефективність роботи якої, своєю чергою, визначається режимом руху потоку в дренажній трубі як основному її елементі. Через наявну недосконалість загальної теорії руху турбулентного потоку в напірному трубопроводі, в тому числі дренажному, щодо недостатньої наукової обґрунтованості розподілу швидкостей в потоці, на основі виконаних теоретичних та експериментальних досліджень запропоновано порівняно нові наукові положення на відміну від наявних напівемпіричних теорій, щодо оцінювання гідродинамічної структури потоку в напірному трубопроводі. Це дає змогу шляхом розкриття повної гідродинамічної структури потоку для всіх областей турбулентного режиму в ньому, на основі застосування отриманих універсальних рівнянь, побудувати профіль розподілу загальної турбулентної кінематичної в’язкості та осередненої швидкості. Розглянутий підхід дозволить оцінити ефективність руху потоку як в складових дренажних трубопроводах, так і в закритій колекторно-дренажній мережі в цілому та в подальшому удосконалити методи проектування й розрахунку її технологічних та конструктивних параметрів й, тим самим, забезпечити загальну технічну, технологічну, економічну та екологічну ефективність функціонування дренажних систем відповідно до сучасних вимог
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