87 research outputs found
Perfect Fluid Quantum Anisotropic Universe: Merits and Challenges
The present paper deals with quantization of perfect fluid anisotropic
cosmological models. Bianchi type V and IX models are discussed following
Schutz's method of expressing fluid velocities in terms of six potentials. The
wave functions are found for several examples of equations of state. In one
case a complete wave packet could be formed analytically. The initial
singularity of a zero proper volume can be avoided in this case, but it is
plagued by the usual problem of non-unitarity of anisotropic quantum
cosmological models. It is seen that a particular operator ordering alleviates
this problem.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures; Accepted for publication in Gen Relativ Gravi
Hopf Categories
We introduce Hopf categories enriched over braided monoidal categories. The
notion is linked to several recently developed notions in Hopf algebra theory,
such as Hopf group (co)algebras, weak Hopf algebras and duoidal categories. We
generalize the fundamental theorem for Hopf modules and some of its
applications to Hopf categories.Comment: 47 pages; final version to appear in Algebras and Representation
Theor
Perfil da assistência odontológica pública para a infância e adolescência em São Luís (MA)
Influence of glutamine on morphological and functional changes of liver in the presence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in rats
Study of the protective effect of dexamethasone on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats
Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi Mexican strains and their behavior in the mouse experimental model
Somatostatin and dopamine receptors as targets for medical treatment of Cushing's Syndrome
Somatostatin (SS) and dopamine (DA) receptors are widely expressed in neuroendocrine tumours that cause Cushing's Syndrome (CS). Increasing knowledge of specific subtype expression within these tumours and the ability to target these receptor subtypes with high-affinity compounds, has driven the search for new SS- or DA-based medical therapies for the various forms of CS. In Cushing's disease, corticotroph adenomas mainly express dopamine receptor subtype 2 (D2) and somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (sst5), whereas sst2is expressed at lower levels. Activation of these receptors can inhibit ACTH-release in primary cultured corticotroph adenomas and compounds that target either sst5(pasireotide, or SOM230) or D2(cabergoline) have shown significant efficacy in subsets of patients in recent clinical studies. Combination therapy, either by administration of both types of compounds separately or by treatment with novel somatostatin-dopamine chimeric molecules (e.g. BIM-23A760), appears to be a promising approach in this respect. In selected cases of Ectopic ACTH-producing Syndrome (EAS), the sst2-preferring compound octreotide is able to reduce cortisol levels effectively. A recent study showed that D2receptors are also significantly expressed in the majority of EAS and that cabergoline may decrease cortisol levels in subsets of these patients. In both normal adrenal tissue as well as in adrenal adenomas and carcinomas that cause CS, sst and DA receptor expression has been demonstrated. Although selected cases of adrenal CS may benefit from sst or DA-targeted treatment, its total contribution to the treatment of these patients is likely to be low as surgery is effective in most cases
Understanding the clinical spectrum of complicated Plasmodium vivax malaria: a systematic review on the contributions of the Brazilian literature
The resurgence of the malaria eradication agenda and the increasing number of severe manifestation reports has contributed to a renewed interested in the Plasmodium vivax infection. It is the most geographically widespread parasite causing human malaria, with around 2.85 billion people living under risk of infection. The Brazilian Amazon region reports more than 50% of the malaria cases in Latin America and since 1990 there is a marked predominance of this species, responsible for 85% of cases in 2009. However, only a few complicated cases of P. vivax have been reported from this region. A systematic review of the Brazilian indexed and non-indexed literature on complicated cases of vivax malaria was performed including published articles, masters' dissertations, doctoral theses and national congresses' abstracts. The following information was retrieved: patient characteristics (demographic, presence of co-morbidities and, whenever possible, associated genetic disorders); description of each major clinical manifestation. As a result, 27 articles, 28 abstracts from scientific events' annals and 13 theses/dissertations were found, only after 1987. Most of the reported information was described in small case series and case reports of patients from all the Amazonian states, and also in travellers from Brazilian non-endemic areas. The more relevant clinical complications were anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, jaundice and acute respiratory distress syndrome, present in all age groups, in addition to other more rare clinical pictures. Complications in pregnant women were also reported. Acute and chronic co-morbidities were frequent, however death was occasional. Clinical atypical cases of malaria are more frequent than published in the indexed literature, probably due to a publication bias. In the Brazilian Amazon (considered to be a low to moderate intensity area of transmission), clinical data are in accordance with the recent findings of severity described in diverse P. vivax endemic areas (especially anaemia in Southeast Asia), however in this region both children and adults are affected. Finally, gaps of knowledge and areas for future research are opportunely pointed out
The one dimensional Kondo lattice model at partial band filling
The Kondo lattice model introduced in 1977 describes a lattice of localized
magnetic moments interacting with a sea of conduction electrons. It is one of
the most important canonical models in the study of a class of rare earth
compounds, called heavy fermion systems, and as such has been studied
intensively by a wide variety of techniques for more than a quarter of a
century. This review focuses on the one dimensional case at partial band
filling, in which the number of conduction electrons is less than the number of
localized moments. The theoretical understanding, based on the bosonized
solution, of the conventional Kondo lattice model is presented in great detail.
This review divides naturally into two parts, the first relating to the
description of the formalism, and the second to its application. After an
all-inclusive description of the bosonization technique, the bosonized form of
the Kondo lattice hamiltonian is constructed in detail. Next the
double-exchange ordering, Kondo singlet formation, the RKKY interaction and
spin polaron formation are described comprehensively. An in-depth analysis of
the phase diagram follows, with special emphasis on the destruction of the
ferromagnetic phase by spin-flip disorder scattering, and of recent numerical
results. The results are shown to hold for both antiferromagnetic and
ferromagnetic Kondo lattice. The general exposition is pedagogic in tone.Comment: Review, 258 pages, 19 figure
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