Institutional Factors Promoting Community College Fundraising

This paper examines the role of accountability in the workplace. Accountability is defined as the need to justify or defend one’s actions to an evaluator who has potential reward or sanction power (Frink & Klimoski, 1998). While accountability is a growing research conversation among scholars, more focus needs to be dedicated to understanding how the dispositional traits of employees interact with workplace accountability mechanisms. Specifically, this manuscript explores the interaction of personality and the accountability environment on employee performance. The findings from this empirical investigation indicate that there is a significant interaction between personality and accountability environment when it comes to predicting employee performance

Does Sex Discrimination Exist in Faculty Salaries at Western Kentucky University? An Empirical Examination of the Wage Gap

This thesis examines wage differentials between male and female faculty salaries at Western Kentucky University. A human capital model of salary determination is examined by using regression analysis on relevant personal and job characteristics of faculty members. A large portion of the wage gap between men and women is explained through differences in the personal and job characteristics. A portion of the wage gap remains unexplained, however, the probability of discrimination playing a substantial role in salary is very small

State and Not-For-Profit delivery of species conservation. Cost utility analysis of multiple-species projects.

Conservation of species is challenging, and there is continuing interest in finding more effective means to achieve conservation goals. State provision of conservation occurs in many countries, alongside a growing range of alternative providers including Not For Profit organisations and the private sector. Few studies have compared the effectiveness and efficiency of State provision against Not For Profit or private sector provision. This research assesses the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of multiple-species projects in regard to the conservation of threatened and endangered species using a cost-utility analysis. Three State managed projects, three Not For Profit managed projects and one project managed by the State yet funded privately, were evaluated. All of the Not For Profit managed projects were enclosed by predator-proof fences, while the other projects relied on natural barriers and/or intensive predator control methods. Results indicate that State managed multiple-species projects are both more effective and cost-effective than those projects managed by Not For Profits. While the Not For Profit managed projects are not so effective in improving national population totals, they are essential for ensuring regional biodiversity of threatened and endangered species. The objectives set by the projects appear to have a significant impact on their outputs. A number of recommendations are made for improving conservation efforts in the future. Most importantly, the development of a threatened and endangered species database to be contributed to by all conservation project providers. The importance of standardised reporting techniques is highlighted to allow comparisons both over time and between projects.State provision, Not For Profit, multiple-species, cost-utility analysis, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Capital Budgeting by the Federal Government

What is a capital budget? Why does the federal government not have one? This paper attempts to address both questions. It explains how capital projects at the federal level are budgeted for on a cash-basis, as is the case for all spending in the unified budget, and why this matters. Specifically, it will consider how well this budgetary treatment leads to an efficient allocation of capital spending, government accountability, and long-term planning. It also examines alternative ways to budget for capital spending that have been proposed, their rationales, and whether they might lead to better outcomes. First, however, this paper turns to define “capital” and how other entities besides the federal government budget for capital projects

Tourism as community development: a comparative analysis of the Vieux Carre and the Lower Garden District from 1950 to 1990

Employing housing and population data available from the U.S. Census of Housing for 1970 and 1980, we compare block level delineations of gentrification with tract level delineations within several historic neighborhoods of New Orleans, Louisiana. Contrary to Spain\u27s (1992: 132) assertion that block level census data are not adequate to detect the presence of gentrification, a geographical delineation of gentrifying activity during the 1970\u27s is achieved. Methodologically, there are two main findings. First, we display the inadequacies of census tract level definitions of where gentrification is occurring. We conclude that gentrification is a small-scale process that is best examined on a larger scale than census tracts allow. A related implication is that previous analysis of locational relationships based upon census tract definitions of gentrification may be severely flawed (cf., Laska et. al., 1982). Finally, we show that heightened real estate activity is an unsatisfactory indirect measure of gentrification. More importantly, the block level delineation developed allows a fine-grain analysis of several theoretical issues regarding gentrification. First, support for residential location theory is shown by the occurrence of gentrifying blocks along the edges of solidly European-American, middle-class neighborhoods. Concomitantly, the avoidance of large African American residential areas is also demonstrated. Secondly, our results are consistent with rent gap theory as evidenced by the close correlation of gentrification with accelerated average rents. Gentrifying blocks also illustrate contagious behavior by their concentration and clustering in discrete locales within the study area. Our findings also support theories that argue gentrification occurs in concert with decline. Finally, we examine the timing of historic district designation relative to gentrifying activity. In the eastern portion of the study area, the data supports the view that gentrification occurs contemporaneously with district designation. On the other hand, gentrification occurred in the central and western portions of the study area without such designation

Students’ Voice on Mobile Technology and Web 2.0 Tools for Learning

Literature tells us, and from my own observations as an experienced teacher, when students have a mobile device in hand they show signs of being motivated, and a phenomenon takes place where students display a natural curiosity and engagement with the device through various interactions. The purpose of this study was to validate students’ voice by allowing them to express their views on the use of mobile technology and Web 2.0, whether they found them motivating and engaging, and how they perceived them as being useful for learning. Students’ perceptions of current and emerging technologies and their usefulness can differ to teachers’ perceptions, therefore research involving conversations with students are needed to better understand how they perceive and relate to these technologies. This study has had such conversations in order to uncover students’ perceptions. Gathering students’ views gives us a first-hand view on what affects them. It identifies factors that perpetuate or diminish their learning, that educators may not have considered before. Knowing and understanding how it is for students, helps to improve learning conditions for them. While there is an initial phase of excitement and curiosity that students have when using mobile technology and Web 2.0, this quickly passes and there are learning conditions that need to be met in order for motivation and engagement to be sustained. To sustain their motivation, students need to have self-determination. For students to be self-determining, their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness must be met. This thesis has determined, through the voice of students, that their need for autonomy can be met through the affordances of mobile technology and Web 2.0, but the teacher’s role is vital for meeting their needs for competence and relatedness. The findings from this study strongly argue that the teacher has a vital role to play in ensuring students’ learning experiences supported by technologies are effective, and assumptions around students’ knowledge, skills and understanding of using technology in formal learning situations needs to be checked. Teachers need to robustly scaffold the use of technology in learning situations until students have built up competence. Teachers need to keep relating to and conversing with students, and not assume students do not need support when using technologies characterised by autonomy and independence. It also found that the learning conditions must support students’ needs for self-determination if students are to stay motivated and engaged – the use of technology alone is insufficient. It also highlighted equity and access to technology learning opportunities for all students, students’ informal learning, and influences on students’ perceptions as to whether they considered technologies were useful for learning

The sources of the idea of active resistance in the political theory of John Knox

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University.The problem of the dissertation, "The Sources of the Idea of Active Resistance in the Political Theory of John Knox," is twofold: (1) to present the major tenets of the political theory of Knox, (2) to indicate the sources of the idea of active resistance revealed in that political theory. The major portion of the study falls within the limits of the sixteenth century. Following the presentation of the major aspects of Knox's political theory, the study proceeds to the analysis of the sources of the idea of active resistance. The "atmospheric" influences of Scottish geography, topography and temperament, Lollardy, Lutheranism, and the Scottish middle-class movement are treated. The Biblical influence upon Knox is discussed in great detail. Knox relied heavily upon Old Testament precedents for his political theory. But he did not ignore the teaching of the New Testament. Knox was his own interpreter of scripture. He expected his interpretation to be accepted by all. He could make the Scriptures sanction revolution. [TRUNCATED

Tourism as community development: a comparative analysis of the Vieux Carre and the Lower Garden District from 1950 to 1990

Employing housing and population data available from the U.S. Census of Housing for 1970 and 1980, we compare block level delineations of gentrification with tract level delineations within several historic neighborhoods of New Orleans, Louisiana. Contrary to Spain\u27s (1992: 132) assertion that block level census data are not adequate to detect the presence of gentrification, a geographical delineation of gentrifying activity during the 1970\u27s is achieved. Methodologically, there are two main findings. First, we display the inadequacies of census tract level definitions of where gentrification is occurring. We conclude that gentrification is a small-scale process that is best examined on a larger scale than census tracts allow. A related implication is that previous analysis of locational relationships based upon census tract definitions of gentrification may be severely flawed (cf., Laska et. al., 1982). Finally, we show that heightened real estate activity is an unsatisfactory indirect measure of gentrification. More importantly, the block level delineation developed allows a fine-grain analysis of several theoretical issues regarding gentrification. First, support for residential location theory is shown by the occurrence of gentrifying blocks along the edges of solidly European-American, middle-class neighborhoods. Concomitantly, the avoidance of large African American residential areas is also demonstrated. Secondly, our results are consistent with rent gap theory as evidenced by the close correlation of gentrification with accelerated average rents. Gentrifying blocks also illustrate contagious behavior by their concentration and clustering in discrete locales within the study area. Our findings also support theories that argue gentrification occurs in concert with decline. Finally, we examine the timing of historic district designation relative to gentrifying activity. In the eastern portion of the study area, the data supports the view that gentrification occurs contemporaneously with district designation. On the other hand, gentrification occurred in the central and western portions of the study area without such designation