El desarrollo de los pueblos: responsabilidad solidaria

Ningun

Older people and medication taking behaviour: A review of the literature

Background: Older people represent a sizeable population of the UK. Many older people receive drug treatment for long term conditions. Adherence with medication is therefore an important clinical, financial and resource intensive concern. Objectives: This review aimed to examine patient’s beliefs, perceptions and views in relation to adherence with medication. Design: A comprehensive search of the literature was undertaken using numerous approaches. The search of revealed 30 research papers. Findings: Articles were initially evaluated using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme principles to identify those relevant to the review. Relevant studies were then subjected to a narrative analysis to assist the development of relevant themes. Four themes were identified; experience of adherence; perceptions and attitudes to medication adherence and non-adherence; patients acceptance of their illness and impact on medication taking behaviour and shared decision making. Conclusions: The findings of this review imply that there is a need for more emphasis on shared decision making between the older patient and the prescriber. Using this approach adherence with medication may improve. There is also a need to develop a standardized measure of medication adherence

Digital Youth Work in Flanders: practices, challenges, and the impact of COVID-19

The pandemic had a considerable impact on youth work in Flanders, as many face-to-face activities had to shift online out of necessity. For many youth organizations, this was their first encounter with digital youth work, either online or in a blended format. Despite this recent boom in digital youth work practices, the concept is not new. It was first mentioned in the 2017 conclusions on smart youth work[1] by the Council of the European Union. Digital youth work is defined as using and discussing digital media/technology in different types of youth work situations, whilst still adhering to the goals, values, and principles of general youth work (Council of the European Union, 2019). While some Flemish youth work organizations focused specifically on digital media before COVID-19, the pandemic has accelerated the uptake of digital youth work. This paper examines the effects of COVID-19 on youth work in Flanders. It explores the challenges and opportunities, using the quick-scan-method to map relevant organizations.   [1] “[I]mplementing smart youth work enables young people and youth workers to, based on existing experiences and seeking new connections and means, create innovative solutions (including digital solutions) for coping with both current problems and new challenges. Smart youth work activities are based on the needs of young people and youth workers, and take into account developments in society and technology, including globalisation, networking and e-solutions” (Schlümmer, 2018)

Music perception with cochlear implants

The Mu.S.I.C. test covers 8 important aspects of music perception: pitch, rhythm, instrument identification, melody and chord differentiation, detection of the number of instruments, emotional impact and dissonance rating. This test battery was used to obtain an initial insight into the musical perception of unilateral, bilateral, EAS and bimodal CI users. For this study a subset of files from each subtest was presented. Group analysis could be performed for the unilateral group (n=31) vs 64 normal hearing subjects (NH). For the other groups (EAS n=15, bilateral = 7) a matched triplet analysis was performed vs. NH and unilateral implant users. The matching was performed according to age and musical experience before hearing loss as assessed in the MuMu questionnaire. There was no difference between any of the groups for rhythm discrimination, dissonance and emotion rating. Unilateral subjects scored significantly worse than NH in all the other subtests. EAS users scored the same as NH for pitch, chord and melody differentiation and worse than NH and similar to unilaterally implanted subjects in the instrument detection and differentiation tasks. Testing without the hearing aid in EAS users with unchanged setting of the speech processor did not lead to a significant deterioration of the results. In bilateral users we found no significant difference when compared to normal hearing subjects. Their results did not decline significantly when the "worse ear" was switched off. For none of the patients groups correlations were found between performance in any of the subtests with age at implantation, duration of implant use or musical experience before hearing loss or after implantation. Residual hearing did not influence the overall results in the EAS group. The results of the EAS users and the bilaterally implanted patients suggest that biological factors play a crucial role in music perception via cochlear implants