29 research outputs found

    The Effect of Misinformation on the Delay of Climate Legislation; Economic and Environmental Solutions to Make Environmental Progress in the Absence of Political Support

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    The scientific community has come to a consensus that climate change is anthropogenic yet the American public is lagging in understanding and acceptance. While the scientific community has tried to spread this information to the public, scientific misinformation propels a narrative that climate science is untrustworthy and inaccurate, and portrays an overrepresented side of climate change deniers to the climate debate. Misinformation is spread by harming scientist\u27s reputations, curating fake science, lobbying, investing in organizations that have prominent and previously trusted names, and most importantly, by spreading doubt about scientific findings. Because misinformation (coupled with lobbying) motivates an anti-environmental policy mindset in our elected officials, bills are challenging to pass. We must work without this legislation by promoting environmental solutions that also have economic benefits that attract the support of investors as well as elected officials. These solutions include the promotion of individual investment in renewable energy, an increase in green employment, and an increase in carbon capture and other technologies that utilize released carbon to make profitable products. These solutions have the potential to strengthen our economy while working towards a green economy

    Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition)

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    The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer‐reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state‐of‐the‐art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.DFG, 389687267, Kompartimentalisierung, Aufrechterhaltung und Reaktivierung humaner Gedächtnis-T-Lymphozyten aus Knochenmark und peripherem BlutDFG, 80750187, SFB 841: Leberentzündungen: Infektion, Immunregulation und KonsequenzenEC/H2020/800924/EU/International Cancer Research Fellowships - 2/iCARE-2DFG, 252623821, Die Rolle von follikulären T-Helferzellen in T-Helferzell-Differenzierung, Funktion und PlastizitätDFG, 390873048, EXC 2151: ImmunoSensation2 - the immune sensory syste

    Cambial growth season of brevi-deciduous Brachystegia spiciformis trees from south central Africa restricted to less than four months.

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    We investigate cambial growth periodicity in Brachystegia spiciformis, a dominant tree species in the seasonally dry miombo woodland of southern Africa. To better understand how the brevi-deciduous (experiencing a short, drought-induced leaf fall period) leaf phenology of this species can be linked to a distinct period of cambial activity, we applied a bi-weekly pinning to six trees in western Zambia over the course of one year. Our results show that the onset and end of cambial growth was synchronous between trees, but was not concurrent with the onset and end of the rainy season. The relatively short (three to four months maximum) cambial growth season corresponded to the core of the rainy season, when 75% of the annual precipitation fell, and to the period when the trees were at full photosynthetic capacity. Tree-ring studies of this species have found a significant relationship between annual tree growth and precipitation, but we did not observe such a correlation at intra-annual resolution in this study. Furthermore, a substantial rainfall event occurring after the end of the cambial growth season did not induce xylem initiation or false ring formation. Low sample replication should be taken into account when interpreting the results of this study, but our findings can be used to refine the carbon allocation component of process-based terrestrial ecosystem models and can thus contribute to a more detailed estimation of the role of the miombo woodland in the terrestrial carbon cycle. Furthermore, we provide a physiological foundation for the use of Brachystegia spiciformis tree-ring records in paleoclimate research

    Influence of a Salinity Gradient on the Vessel Characters of the Mangrove Species Rhizophora mucronata

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    • Background and Aims Although mangroves have been extensively studied, little is known about their ecological wood anatomy. This investigation examined the potential use of vessel density as a proxy for soil water salinity in the mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata (Rhizophoraceae) from Kenya
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